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IEEE Applied power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

作者： Watanabe, Kazuki Langston, James Hauer, John Coleman, Michael Stanovich, Mark Izumida, Yuki Steurer, Michael Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Co Ltd Tokyo Japan Florida State Univ Ctr Adv Power Syst Tallahassee FL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475396

In this work, power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation was used to explore the protection coordination of solid-state-circuit-breakers (SSCB) with conventional mechanical circuit-breakers (CB) within a DC microgrid. The system of interest (SOD includes diesel generators, AC loads, DC loads, power converters and battery-based and ultra-capacitor-based energy storage. The system also includes a mix of current-limiting converters and passive sources of fault current contribution. Using PHIL simulation, the generators, loads, power converters, and the developed circuit-protection-control were simulated on a real-time simulator and interfaced to the hardware-of-interest (HOD which included developed SSCBs and CBs. Multiple experiments were executed to explore the operation of fast-acting SSCBs in conjunction with conventional switchboard-oriented protection in a system.

关键词： power hardware-in-the-loop simulation Real-Time-simulation DC distribution system Microgrid Solid-State-Circuit Breaker Protection Coordination

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Practical Estimation of Accuracy in power hardware-in-the-loop simulation Using Impedance Measurements

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON power SYSTEMS 2021年第3期36卷 2584-2593页

作者： Langston, James Szymanski, Thiago Schoder, Karl Steurer, Mischa Mischa Roberts, Rodney G. Florida State Univ Ctr Adv Power Syst Tallahassee FL 32310 USA Florida State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Tallahassee FL 32310 USA

power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation is a technique whereby actual power hardware is interfaced to a virtual surrounding system, simulated in real-time, through PHIL interfaces making use of power amplifiers and/or actuators. While PHIL simulation affords many advantages for flexible testing of power hardware, the accuracy of the experiment can be degraded through the non-ideal aspects of the PHIL interface, including distortion in the frequency domain, delays, and disturbances. This paper presents a practical method to estimate a subset of the closed-loop transfer function accuracy metrics of a PHIL experiment based on impedance measurements from the experiment. The method of assessing the impacts of the PHIL interfaces is demonstrated through application to an experiment in which two simulated systems are coupled through two PHIL interfaces with high bandwidth power amplifiers, enabling comparison of results with those from the ideal system.

关键词： Impedance Transfer functions hardware Impedance measurement Distortion Integrated circuit modeling power hardware-in-the-loop simulation

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A Novel Interface Modeling Method of power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for MMC-HVDC System Based on ITM and DIM Switching 4

A Novel Interface Modeling Method of Power Hardware-in-the-l...

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4th IEEE Workshop on the Electronic Grid (eGRID)

作者： Jiang, Shouqi Zhang, Lin Li, Guoqing Xin, Yechun Liu, Bowen Wang, Lixin Northeast Elect Power Univ Jilin Jilin Peoples R China State Grid Beijing Urban Dist Power Supply Branch Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728157047

In this paper, based on the comparative analysis of the interface characteristics between ideal transformer model (ITM) method and damping impedance method (DIM), a novel interface modeling method based on ITM and DIM switching is proposed to improve the stability and simulation accuracy of power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation for MMC-HVDC system. According to the structure principle of two interface algorithms, the ITM and DIM switching method is proposed to realize the effective switching of interface characteristics, which can be achieved by changing additional impedance parameters of DIM. The calculation process of equivalent impedance for the MMC AC side is simplified to realize the real-time impedance matching of DIM, and the switching criterion and solution of maloperation are designed based on the interface stability of ITM. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control methods are verified by simulation results.

关键词： power hardware-in-the-loop simulation real-time impedance matching switching criterion ideal transformer model method damping impedance method

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Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Emulation Based on power hardware-in-the-loop simulation 11

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine Emulation Based on Powe...

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11th IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference (IEMDC)

作者： Zou, Xiaomin Xia, Xi He, Peng Song, Yuyang Tsinghua Univ Dept Elect Engn Beijing 100084 Peoples R China SHAANXI AERO ELECT CO LTD Aviat key Lab Sci & Technol Aerosp Power Syst Xian 710065 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538693506

This paper reviews the existing electric machine emulation methods and presents a novel approach for permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) emulation based on power hardware-in-the-loop simulation. This approach, based on the calculation of equivalent back electromotive force, does not require stator voltage measurement at the output terminal of machine drive, and also avoids current control loop on the part of the emulator. It can be either applied to surface or interior PMSM with different parameters, and be easily transferred to other types of machine. Both simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the emulator based on this approach is able to resemble the actual PMSM closely either in motor mode or in generator mode.

关键词： Permanent magnet synchronous machine power hardware-in-the-loop simulation Machine drive Machine emulator

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Analysis of Linear Interface Algorithms for power hardware-in-the-loop simulation 44

Analysis of Linear Interface Algorithms for Power Hardware-i...

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44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society (IECON)

作者： Langston, James Schoder, Karl Steurer, Michael Edrington, Chris Roberts, Rodney G. Florida State Univ Ctr Adv Power Syst Tallahassee FL 32306 USA Florida State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Tallahassee FL 32306 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509066841

power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation is a technique whereby actual power hardware is interfaced to a virtual surrounding system, simulated in real-time, through PHIL interfaces making use of power amplifiers and/or actuators. A number of seemingly disparate interface algorithms (IA) have been proposed in the literature for achieving the virtual coupling between the simulated and physical portions of the system, with each presenting different strengths and shortcomings. In this work, a framework based on an architecture for bilateral teleoperation systems is described, which is suitable for the formulation of linear PHIL IAs, encompassing the majority of the existing IAs proposed in the literature. Formulations of a number of existing PHIL IAs are given in the context of the described framework. Requirements for achieving transparency with the IAs are described, and several of the existing IAs are discussed in terms of the framework, adherence to the transparency requirements, and performance. As the architecture also lends itself to the development of flexible IA modules for real-time simulators, the implementation and application of an IA module reflecting this architecture is also described.

关键词： power hardware-in-the-loop simulation

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power hardware-in-the-loop simulation (PHILS) of photovoltaic power generation using real-time simulation techniques and power interfaces

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JOURNAL OF power SOURCES 2015年 285卷 137-145页

作者： Jung, Jee-Hoon UNIST Sch Elect & Comp Engn Ulsan 689798 South Korea

power hardware-in-the-loop simulation (PHILS) has been introduced to its rapid prototyping and accurate testing under various load and interface conditions for power electronics applications. Real-time simulation with advancements in computing technologies can effectively support the PHILS to improve the computation speed of complex target systems converted to electrical and mathematical models. In this paper, advancements of optimized model constructions for a single crystalline photovoltaic (PV) panel are built up for the PHIS with a real-time simulator in the view points of improving dynamic model accuracy and boosting the computation speed. The dynamic model accuracy is one of significant performance factors of the PHIS which should show the dynamic performance of the simulation model during elaborate emulations of the power hardware. In addition, several considerations for the PHIS system such as system configuration and communication are provided to electrically emulate the PV panel with power hardware interfaces. The effectiveness of the proposed PHILS developed on Opal RT's RT-Lab real-time engineering simulator based on Matlab/Simulink is experimentally verified using a prototype PHILS system. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： power hardware-in-the-loop simulation PHILS Photovoltaic panel Real-time simulation Fast computation Dynamic model

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Improving the Stability of the Battery Emulator Pulsed Current Load Interface in a power hardware-in-the-loop simulation 42

Improving the Stability of the Battery Emulator Pulsed Curre...

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42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE-Industrial-Electronics-Society (IECON)

作者： Daniil, Nikolaos Drury, David Univ Bristol Dept Elect & Elect Engn Bristol Avon England

ISBN: (纸本)9781509034741

Replacing a battery pack with a battery emulator (BE) in a power hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) setup facilitates the testing of new prototype hardware but stability and high fidelity are not a priori ensured. Due to the large output capacitance that devices implementing BEs usually have, their dynamic response differs compared to a real battery which operates like a voltage source with a series resistance. This problem becomes particularly intense when the hardware under test (HUT) also has a large input capacitance. The intuitive solution proposed is to connect a series resistor between the BE and the HUT to replicate the battery series resistance. This paper describes the conditions that this resistor needs to follow in order to ensure stability. It is also shown that the limited bandwidth of the power device used to implement the BE is possible to bring the emulation into stability even if those conditions are violated. Finally, examples are given on how a low sampling frequency in the feedback loop cause oscillations. simulations and experiments are used to demonstrate all the findings.

关键词： power hardware-in-the-loop simulation battery emulation stability current feedback voltage feedback

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Investigation and Validation of Methods to Implement a Two-Quadrant Battery Emulator for power hardware-in-the-loop simulation 42

Investigation and Validation of Methods to Implement a Two-Q...

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42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE-Industrial-Electronics-Society (IECON)

作者： Daniil, Nikolaos Drury, David Univ Bristol Dept Elect & Elect Engn Bristol Avon England

ISBN: (纸本)9781509034741

When new hardware is developed, it is often convenient to test the prototype in a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS). In this technique, the critical parts of the system including the hardware-under-test (HUT) are physically present while the rest of the system is emulated in real time. In this paper, a battery emulator (BE) is implemented to replicate the behaviour of a battery pack in a HILS experiment. For this purpose, a remotely controlled DC power supply is used, combined with external passive elements to allow two-quadrant operation. The emulation fidelity is validated through experimental comparison with a real battery pack under constant and pulsed current loads. These experiments show the importance of the impedance connecting the BE to the HUT and how a poor selection can cause oscillations that would not exist in an experiment with a real battery pack.

关键词： power hardware-in-the-loop simulation battery emulator battery modelling voltage response emulation fidelity

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hardware-in-the-loop Validation of an Energy Management System for LV Distribution Networks with Renewable Energy Sources

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ENERGIES 2022年第7期15卷 2561-2561页

作者： Kelm, Pawel Wasiak, Irena Mienski, Rozmyslaw Wedzik, Andrzej Szypowski, Michal Pawelek, Ryszard Szaniawski, Krzysztof Lodz Univ Technol Inst Elect Power Engn 20 Stefanowskiego St PL-90537 Lodz Poland Apator SA Wolowa 2c PL-93569 Lodz Poland

This paper presents the use of real-time digital simulator (RTDS) and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) methods for the validation of an energy management system designed for real low-voltage (LV) distribution networks with a high penetration of renewable energy sources. The system is used to address voltage violations and current overloading issues and allows the network operator to maintain safe and controllable network operations. The applied control strategy and the system software were verified by means of simulations. In this paper, the next stage of system validation using the HIL method is presented. A testbed was designed and developed to test the operation of prototype controllers of the system in flexible and reproducible conditions before installing them in the network. The presented testing platform not only includes the LV network simulator with the power amplifiers needed for closed-loop setup but also additional elements of a real network to which the system is dedicated, i.e., the advanced metering infrastructure, photovoltaic source, and energy storage inverters and load devices. Furthermore, the real cellular network of the distribution network operator is used in the communication between the controllers. In addition, the article contains discussions on communication issues, including limitations related to selected protocols. Finally, examples of the experimental validation of the controller prototypes are presented.

关键词： controller hardware-in-the-loop simulation power hardware-in-the-loop simulation testbed testing and validation of controllers DSOs low-voltage networks global system for mobile communication

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A Multi-Time-Step Transmission Line Interface for power hardware-in-the-loop Simulators

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION 2020年第1期35卷 539-548页

作者： Tremblay, Olivier Rimorov, Dmitry Gagnon, Richard Fortin-Blanchette, Handy Hydro Quebecs Res Inst IREQ Power Syst Simulat & Evolut Div Varennes PQ J3X 1S1 Canada Univ Quebec Dept Elect Engn Ecole Technol Super Montreal PQ J3X 1S1 Canada

Developing a general and stable numerical interface for power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) applications is a major challenge. This paper proposes a stable, robust and precise implementation of a multi-time-step interface for a PHIL simulator based on the Bergeron transmission line model (BTLM). Two limitations of the transmission-line-based interface were identified, and remedial strategies were formulated in order to ensure that the interface was compatible with the PHIL application. Stability and passivity analyses were then conducted on the resulting interface to verify its performance. The proposed interface was implemented in an experimental 3-kVA PHIL setup, using a custom-made switching power amplifier (PA). Multiple tests were performed in order to demonstrate the stability and accuracy of the closed-loop system under a wide range of operating conditions and with various devices under test (DUTs). Experimental results were obtained from islanding tests involving different simulated load configurations and solar inverter responses to network disturbance while operating in a closed-loop configuration.

关键词： Impedance power system stability power transmission lines Stability analysis Resistors Testing Mathematical model Bergeron transmission line model digital simulation discrete-time systems energy conversion FPGA interface algorithm modeling power hardware-in-the-loop simulation real-time systems stability analysis

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