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Weather-Dependent power flow algorithm for Accurate power System Analysis Under Variable Weather Conditions

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON power SYSTEMS 2019年第4期34卷 2719-2729页

作者： Ahmed, Arif McFadden, Fiona J. Stevens Rayudu, Ramesh Victoria Univ Wellington Smart Power & Renewable Energy Syst Grp SPRES Wellington 6140 New Zealand Victoria Univ Wellington Sch Engn & Comp Sci Wellington 6140 New Zealand Victoria Univ Wellington RRI Wellington 6140 New Zealand

Accurate power flow analysis is essential to system operators for planning, design, analysis, and control of power networks. The accuracy of power flow analysis can be increased significantly by including the weather-dependent characteristics of the system. In this paper, a novel weather-dependent power flow algorithm is proposed and studied in comparison to the very wellknown conventional power flow. The weather-dependent power flow algorithm is novel in the sense that it is explicitly parameterized in terms of typically available measured weather parameters (ambient temperature, solar irradiance, wind speed, and wind angle) to perform a fully coupled weather-dependent power flow analysis. Using this algorithm, the IEEE 30-bus power network was studied utilizing real weather data by performing three year-long steady-state time-series power flow analyses. The study demonstrates that the proposed weather-dependent power flow algorithm accurately estimates the branch resistances, the system states (current and voltages), the power losses, the branch flows, and the branch loadings. These are made possible because the proposed algorithm accurately estimates branch conductor temperature due to the coupling of power flow with the nonlinear heat balance model. An analysis of the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is also presented.

关键词： Weather effects conductor nonlinear heat balance power flow algorithm weather-dependent power flow (WDPF) computational complexity of power flow algorithms

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A General Fast power flow algorithm for Transmission and Distribution Networks

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 23284-23293页

作者： Wang, Yansong Wu, Hao Xu, Hailiang Li, Qiang Liu, Shunchao China Univ Petr East China Coll New Energy Qingdao 266580 Peoples R China State Grid Linyi Power Supply Co Linyi 276000 Shandong Peoples R China CNOOC Res Inst Beijing 100028 Peoples R China

Fast power flow calculation is generally required in static security analysis and power system optimal planning. And the classical DC power flow algorithm, due to its simple mathematical model, linearized equation, and rapid solving speed, is widely utilized. However, the classical DC power flow algorithm has been found to be only suitable for high voltage transmission networks with small branch impedance ratio. To address this issue, a general fast power flow algorithm is proposed. Utilizing this method, the classical DC power flow algorithm is firstly performed to obtain the initial values of the branch active power flow. And the nodal voltage angles are then calculated by the established node-injected reactive power equations. Secondly, through the identical transformation and approximate treatment of the node power flow equation, a voltage offset calculation method for PQ nodes is proposed. Finally, the active power flow and active power loss can be calculated based on the corrected phase angles and node voltages. Simulation studies on standard IEEE power systems, such as the IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems, etc., were conducted by the presented algorithm, compared with those by the back/forward sweep, classical DC power flow and Newton-Raphson algorithms. It is indicated that, the proposed power flow algorithm has the superiority in satisfactory calculation speed and non-sensitivity on the network impedance ratio.

关键词： power flow algorithm transmission and distribution network high impedance ratio of branch bus voltage amplitude deviation

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Load following mechanism and power flow algorithm under generator rotor angle control mode

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2016年第7期10卷 1510-1518页

作者： Wei, Qiang Han, Xueshan Guo, Weimin Yang, Ming Liu, Guojing Shandong Univ Sch Elect Engn Jinan 250100 Peoples R China Henan Elect Power Co Elect Power Res Inst Zhengzhou 450052 Peoples R China

Recently, a new strategy that controls generator rotor angle has appeared. The new control strategy can suppress inter-area low-frequency oscillations effectively without the help of any remote signal. It can also improve transient stability. This paper investigates the load balancing mechanism after rotor angle controllers are deployed. Analysis shows that the primary frequency control and automatic generation control currently used can be fulfilled in a new manner under this new control strategy. The generators can follow load demands quickly and precisely without the intervention of a dispatching centre. Consequently, the task of frequency control may be separated from the dispatching centre since the new control strategy is essentially decentralised and autonomous. Moreover, a load variation will be distributed to all generators that run in fix angle mode according to their distance from the load. Though power flow calculation is not needed during this process, it can be used to obtain generator outputs for any set of rotor angle aim values after loads change. Since generator rotor angle and the terminal bus voltage are given as inputs, the traditional Newton-Raphson method must be modified before it can be used. Those modifications and some extra steps with generator output limits are also given.

关键词： load flow machine control frequency control Newton-Raphson method load following mechanism power flow algorithm generator rotor angle control mode load balancing mechanism primary frequency control automatic generation control load variation fix angle mode power flow calculation generator active power outputs terminal bus voltage Newton-Raphson method

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VSC Based DC Grid power flow algorithm and AC/DC power flow algorithm

VSC Based DC Grid Power Flow Algorithm and AC/DC Power Flow ...

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International Conference on power System Technology (powerCon)

作者： Chen, XingLei Zhao, Zheng Zi, Peng Zhou, XiaoXin China Elect Power Res Inst Dept Power Syst Beijing 100192 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479950324

This paper attempts to establish a complete and unified DC power Grid steady-state model, including the entire DC component such as VSC inverter, DC bus, DC line, DC-DC converters, etc. Based on steady-state model of DC power Grid, a DC power flow algorithm is established which involves DC power flow equations construction, solution using Newton's method. Then, this paper compares two AC/DC alternating iteration method (single-step alternating and sequential alternating), considers VSC constant DC power mode, studies the setting of the initial value, and presented a complete AC/DC power flow algorithm. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to CIGRE B4-58 DC power test system to show the validity of the algorithm. The convergence characteristics of the algorithm are also analyzed to verify the adaptive of the algorithm.

关键词： VSC DC Grid power flow algorithm AC/DC

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EEvaluation of the power flow algorithm for radial distribution system with several penetration of distributed generation on 8

EEvaluation of the power flow algorithm for radial distribut...

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8th International Conference on Modelling, Identification and Control (ICMIC)

作者： Melizi, Kaouthar Karim, Sebaa Abdelhalim, Tlemcani Tidjeni, Karima MEDEA Univ Dept Elect Engn City Ain Dhab 26000 Medea Algeria

ISBN: (纸本)9780956715777

As much distributed generations (DGs) connected to the distribution networks as much the system are going to be complicated. A new or developed power flow methods are proposed that can deal with this change. This paper focuses on an algorithm for the calculation of power flow in a distribution network with distributed generation. Two cases will be studied network with and without DGs. The code was developed using AT AB for the calculation of P and PV buses.

关键词： power flow algorithm electrical distribution ern distributed generation

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An overall power flow algorithm to control the active power transfer at PCC in LV-distribution Network 19

An overall power flow algorithm to control the active power ...

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19th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technologies (ICIT)

作者： Salem, Qusay Munoz, Octavio Xie, Jian Univ Ulm Inst Energy Convers & Storage Ulm Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781509059492

power flow analysis in power system networks has been widely investigated by several methods to determine the unknown variables at each bus in the system. Moreover, many optimization functions have been integrated with the power flow methods to control the operation of some parameters in the network. In this paper, an overall power flow algorithm is performed to control the active power flow at PCC. A series VSI is connected between the main grid and the microgrid, in which its injected voltage is provided by using an optimization function so as to inject the required voltage magnitude and phase angle. The optimized series voltage will increase or decrease the PCC voltage, which will in turn change the microgrid DGs voltage. So that, the active power of every DG will also be varied since the DG control unit is provided with P/V droop characteristic. The performance of the power flow algorithm in satisfying the assigned active power reference at PCC has been verified by several case scenarios.

关键词： power flow algorithm Optimization function Active power control P/V droop control Microgrid

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Improved power flow algorithm Incorporating Multi-terminal VSC-HVDC

Improved Power Flow Algorithm Incorporating Multi-terminal V...

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International Conference on Manufacturing Science and Technology (ICMST 2011)

作者： Ye Fang Wei Zhi-nong Sun Guo-qiang Hohai Univ Coll Energy & Elect Engn Nanjing 210098 Jiangsu Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037852958

Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) technology is a newly deve- loped power transmission technology. The basic principle and structure of multi-terminal VSC-HVDC is introduced and its steady-state mathematical model is set up. An improved power flow algorithm is deduced, which not only decouple the relationship between AC and DC systems' variables in the strict mathematical form, but also can be integrated with the conventional power flow program and exhibit good accuracy and convergence characteristics compared to conventional technique. A numerical example of IEEE 14-bus test system with a 3-terminal VSC-HVDC network is given. The results show that the proposed steady-state model of multi-terminal VSC-HVDC and corresponding power flow algorithm are correct and effective.

关键词： direct current transmission voltage source converter VSC-HVDC power flow algorithm

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A Generic power flow algorithm for the Microgrid Based on Time Domain Iteration Concept

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IEEE ACCESS 2020年 8卷 223626-223636页

作者： Zhu, Yixin Zong, Chenxi Fan, Qigao Bi, Kaitao Jiangnan Univ Coll Internet Things Engn Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu Peoples R China

The power flow calculation is an important analysis tool for the power system. The essence of the traditional power flow algorithm is to solve a set of non-linear power flow equations. If initial conditions are not properly set, it may occur convergence issues. On the other hand, as more and more power electronic devices are connected into the power grid, the traditional algorithm becomes unavailable due to the diverse operation characteristics of these devices. To solve the above issues, this paper proposes a time domain iteration (TDI) based power flow algorithm for the power electronics dominated power system, and takes the microgrid system as an example to analyze. Firstly, the proposed TDI concept is introduced, which uses time domain deduction instead of equation calculation in the power flow calculation, so that convergence issues can be avoided. Secondly, the operation characteristics of power electronic based distributed generation (DG) units are analyzed, with the corresponding DG unit, network and load models established. After this, the iteration process is presented: the DG unit models output voltage or current to the network, and receive feedback voltage or current from the latter to generate the output for the next iteration. The output generation link is independent and edited refer to the DG control strategy. In theory, any strategy can be edited into this link, making the proposed power flow algorithm more flexible. Finally, the algorithm is verified through simulation results from a 38-bus power system containing droop-controlled DG units.

关键词： Microgrids Load flow power electronics Load modeling Voltage control Reactive power power systems power electronics power flow algorithm distributed generation time domain iteration microgrid

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The power flow algorithm for AC/DC microgrids based on improved unified iteration method

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FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH 2024年 12卷

作者： Dong, Xin Wang, Haibin Zhang, Changkun Yu, Wanneng Yang, Rongfeng Xiao, Longhai Liao, Weiqiang Luo, Chenghan Jimei Univ Sch Marine Engn Xiamen Peoples R China Univ Strathclyde Dept Naval Architecture Ocean & Marine Engn Glasgow Scotland Jimei Univ Marine Engn Coll Xiamen Peoples R China Jimei Univ Key Lab Fujian Prov Marine & Ocean Engn Xiamen Peoples R China Innovat Lab Sci & Technol Energy Mat Fujian Prov Xiamen Peoples R China

In response to the complexity of the Jacobian matrix inversion process in the power flow algorithm for AC/DC microgrids, leading to large memory requirements and susceptibility to convergence issues, a novel power flow algorithm based on an improved unified iteration method for AC/DC microgrids is proposed. Firstly, the fundamental equations of the unified iteration method and the characteristics of DC systems are analyzed. The reactive power correction terms and voltage phase correction differences are removed from the modified equations of the unified iteration method, and result in a reduction in the order of the Jacobian matrix in the power flow algorithm. Subsequently, the improved IEEE 11-node system is subjected to simulation verification to attain precise power flow solutions for hybrid AC/DC microgrids. The theoretical analysis identifies the main influencing parameters of active and reactive power errors and assesses their impact factors. Finally, experimental validation of the improved power flow algorithm is carried out on a physical platform, clarifying the applicability range of the proposed method. The research results indicate that within allowable error margins, the proposed approach reduces the difficulty of Jacobian matrix inversion, resulting in an 80% increase in computational speed compared to the unified iteration method. It is suitable for microgrid systems with short electrical distances and small magnitudes of node voltage amplitudes and phase differences.

关键词： hybrid ac/dc microgrid power flow algorithm system characteristics unified iteration method matrix reduction

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A Novel Three-Phase power flow algorithm for the Evaluation of the Impact of Renewable Energy Sources and D-STATCOM Devices on Unbalanced Radial Distribution Networks

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ENERGIES 2021年第19期14卷 6152-6152页

作者： Satish, Raavi Vaisakh, Kanchapogu Abdelaziz, Almoataz Y. El-Shahat, Adel Anil Neerukonda Inst Technol & Sci Dept Elect & Elect Engn Visakhapatnam 531162 Andhra Pradesh India Andhra Univ Dept Elect Engn Visakhapatnam 530003 Andhra Pradesh India Future Univ Egypt Fac Engn & Technol Cairo 11835 Egypt Purdue Univ Sch Engn Technol Energy Technol Program W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

The impacts of the fast growth of renewable energy sources (RESs) and distribution static synchronous compensators (D-STATCOMs) on unbalanced radial distribution networks (URDNs) are analyzed with three-phase power flow algorithms (PFAs). As the URDNs are unbalanced, they can experience voltage unbalance (VU). This paper proposes a novel three-phase PFA for URDNs with multiple RES and D-STATCOM device integrations. The bus number matrix (BNM) and branch number matrix (BRNM) developed in this paper make the implementation of the proposed PFA simple. These matrices are developed to store the bus numbers and branch numbers of newly created sections of the URDN. Both PQ and PV modeling of RES and PV modeling of D-STATCOM devices are effectively integrated into the proposed three-phase PFA. The accuracy of the proposed PFA has been tested on the IEEE-13 bus URDN and the results are found to be accurate with the IEEE results. Several study examples have been conducted on the IEEE-13 bus and the IEEE-34 bus URDNs with multiple integrations of three-phase RESs and three-phase D-STATCOMs. Test results indicate that these integrations improve the voltage profile, reduce the power loss and reduce the severity of the VU.

关键词： unbalanced distribution networks renewable energy sources distribution static synchronous compensator voltage unbalance power flow algorithm

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