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Comprehensive investigation of predictive processing: A cross- and within-cognitive domains fMRI meta-analytic approach

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HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING 2024年第12期45卷 e26817-e26817页

作者： Costa, Cristiano Pezzetta, Rachele Masina, Fabio Lago, Sara Gastaldon, Simone Frangi, Camilla Genon, Sarah Arcara, Giorgio Scarpazza, Cristina Padova Neurosci Ctr Padua Italy IRCCS Osped San Camillo Venice Italy Univ Padua Dipartimento Psicol Sviluppo & Socializzaz Padua Italy Univ Padua Dipartimento Psicol Gen Padua Italy Heinrich Heine Univ Dusseldorf Inst Syst Neurosci Dusseldorf Germany Res Ctr Julich Inst Neurosci & Med Brain & Behav INM 7 Julich Germany

predictive processing (PP) stands as a predominant theoretical framework in neuroscience. While some efforts have been made to frame PP within a cognitive domain-general network perspective, suggesting the existence of a "prediction network," these studies have primarily focused on specific cognitive domains or functions. The question of whether a domain-general predictive network that encompasses all well-established cognitive domains exists remains unanswered. The present meta-analysis aims to address this gap by testing the hypothesis that PP relies on a large-scale network spanning across cognitive domains, supporting PP as a unified account toward a more integrated approach to neuroscience. The Activation Likelihood Estimation meta-analytic approach was employed, along with Meta-Analytic Connectivity Mapping, conjunction analysis, and behavioral decoding techniques. The analyses focused on prediction incongruency and prediction congruency, two conditions likely reflective of core phenomena of PP. Additionally, the analysis focused on a prediction phenomena-independent dimension, regardless of prediction incongruency and congruency. These analyses were first applied to each cognitive domain considered (cognitive control, attention, motor, language, social cognition). Then, all cognitive domains were collapsed into a single, cross-domain dimension, encompassing a total of 252 experiments. Results pertaining to prediction incongruency rely on a defined network across cognitive domains, while prediction congruency results exhibited less overall activation and slightly more variability across cognitive domains. The converging patterns of activation across prediction phenomena and cognitive domains highlight the role of several brain hubs unfolding within an organized large-scale network (Dynamic Prediction Network), mainly encompassing bilateral insula, frontal gyri, claustrum, parietal lobules, and temporal gyri. Additionally, the crucial role played at a cross-dom

关键词： ALE meta-analysis cognitive functions domain-general encoding network predictive processing violation

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Morphosyntactic predictive processing in adult heritage speakers: effects of cue availability and spoken and written language experience

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LANGUAGE COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE 2024年第1期39卷 118-135页

作者： Karaca, Figen Brouwer, Susanne Unsworth, Sharon Huettig, Falk Radboud Univ Nijmegen Ctr Language Studies Nijmegen Netherlands Max Planck Inst Psycholinguist Nijmegen Netherlands Erasmuspl 1 NL-6525 HT Nijmegen Netherlands Postbus 9103 NL-6500 HD Nijmegen Netherlands

We investigated prediction skills of adult heritage speakers and the role of written and spoken language experience on predictive processing. Using visual world eye-tracking, we focused on predictive use of case-marking cues in verb-medial and verb-final sentences in Turkish with adult Turkish heritage speakers (N = 25) and Turkish monolingual speakers (N = 24). Heritage speakers predicted in verb-medial sentences (when verb-semantic and case-marking cues were available), but not in verb-final sentences (when only case-marking cues were available) while monolinguals predicted in both. Prediction skills of heritage speakers were modulated by their spoken language experience in Turkish and written language experience in both languages. Overall, these results strongly suggest that verb-semantic information is needed to scaffold the use of morphosyntactic cues for prediction in heritage speakers. The findings also support the notion that both spoken and written language experience play an important role in predictive spoken language processing.

关键词： predictive processing case marking ‌ adult heritage speakers language experience literacy

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Benefits and costs of predictive processing: How sentential constraint and word expectedness affect memory formation

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BRAIN RESEARCH 2022年第0期1788卷 000-000页

作者： Hoeltje, Gerrit Mecklinger, Axel Saarland Univ Dept Psychol Expt Neuropsychol Unit Saarbrucken Germany

This study investigated how the strength of schema support provided by strongly (SC) and weakly constraining (WC) sentences affects the encoding of expected and unexpected words, and how this is reflected in event-related potentials (ERPs). In a surprise recognition memory test, words studied on the previous day were presented together with new words and lures that were expected but not presented in the study phase. ERPs recorded in the study phase were compared for subsequently remembered and forgotten words. Better memory performance for expected over unexpected words was electrophysiologically supported by a parietal subsequent memory effect (SME) reflecting enhanced item-specific encoding of contextually expected words. SC sentences not only facilitated the semantic integration of sentence-ending words, as reflected in reduced N400 amplitudes, but also enabled the rapid successful encoding of these words into memory, which is evidenced by an SC > WC pattern in memory performance and correlations between pre- and post-stimulus SMEs for SC sentences. In contrast, words processed in WC sentence contexts necessitated sustained elaborative encoding processes as reflected in a late frontal slow wave SME. Expected but not presented words were associated with high rates of false positive memory decisions, indicating that these words remained in a state of high accessibility in memory even one day after the study phase. These mnemonic costs of predictive processing were more pronounced for expected words from SC sentences than from WC sentences and could reflect the lingering of strong semantic predictions which were associated with the pre-updating of sentence representations.

关键词： Event-related potential Subsequent memory effect Recognition memory predictive processing Schema False memory

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Understanding persistent physical symptoms: Conceptual integration of psychological expectation models and predictive processing accounts

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CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2020年 76卷 101829页

作者： Kube, Tobias Rozenkrantz, Liron Rief, Winfried Barsky, Arthur Harvard Med Sch Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr Program Placebo Studies 330 Brookline Ave Boston MA 02115 USA Philipps Univ Marburg Dept Clin Psychol & Psychotherapy Gutenbergstr 18 D-35032 Marburg Germany Univ Koblenz Landau Pain & Psychotherapy Res Lab Ostbahnstr 10 D-76829 Landau Germany MIT Dept Brain & Cognit Sci 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA Harvard Med Sch Brigham & Womens Hosp Dept Psychiat 60 Fenwood Rd Boston MA 02115 USA

Persistent physical symptoms (PPS) are distressing, difficult to treat, and pose a major challenge to health care providers and systems. In this article, we review two disparate bodies of literature on PPS to provide a novel integrative model of this elusive condition. First, we draw on the clinical-psychological literature on the role of expectations to suggest that people with PPS develop dysfunctional expectations about health and disease that become increasingly immune to disconfirmatory information (such as medical reassurance) through cognitive reappraisal. Second, we invoke neuroscientific predictive processing accounts and propose that the psychological process of 'cognitive immunization' against disconfirmatory evidence corresponds, at the neurobiological and computational level, to too much confidence (i.e. precision) afforded to prior predictions. This can lead to an attenuation of disconfirming sensory information so that strong priors override benign bodily signals and make people believe that something serious is wrong with the body. Combining these distinct accounts provides a unifying framework for persistent physical symptoms and shifts the focus away from their causes to the sustaining mechanisms that prevent symptoms from subsiding spontaneously. Based on this integrative model, we derive new avenues for future research and discuss implications for treating people with PPS in clinical practice.

关键词： Persistent physical symptoms Medically unexplained symptoms Expectation Cognitive immunization Belief updating predictive processing

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Polarity adverbs facilitate predictive processing in L2 Japanese

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SECOND LANGUAGE RESEARCH 2022年第4期38卷 869-892页

作者： Mitsugi, Sanako Univ Queensland St Lucia Qld Australia

This study examines whether second language (L2) learners predict upcoming language prior to the verb in Japanese. Taking the dependency involving negative polarity adverbs - zenzen 'at all' and amari '(not) very' - as a test case, this study examined whether Japanese native speakers and L2 learners of Japanese, aided by these adverbs, generate predictions of the polarity of the sentence-final verb. The visual-world paradigm experiment revealed that both native-speaker and L2-learner groups looked progressively more at the target picture before the negated verb when the information from adverbs was available than when it was not. The pattern of results underscores the usefulness of adverbial polarity items as predictive cues and indicates that they expedite the processing of negation in Japanese. Learners successfully exploited this information to generate nativelike predictions on sentence meaning.

关键词： Japanese predictive processing negative polarity adverbs the visual world paradigm

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Enactivism, Representationalism, and predictive processing Introduction

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PHILOSOPHICAL EXPLORATIONS 2018年第2期21卷 179-186页

作者： Dolega, Krzysztof Roelofs, Luke Schlicht, Tobias Ruhr Univ Bochum Inst Philosophy 2 Bochum Germany

The papers in this special issue make important contributions to a longstanding debate about how we should conceive of and explain mental phenomena. In other words, they make a case about the best philosophical paradigm for cognitive science. The two main competing approaches, hotly debated for several decades, are representationalism and enactivism. However, recent developments in disciplines such as machine learning and computational neuroscience have fostered a proliferation of intermediate approaches, leading to the emergence of completely new positions, in particular the predictive processing approach. Here, we will consider the different approaches discussed in this volume.

关键词： enactivism predictive processing representationalism philosophy of mind

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The places of agency detection and predictive processing in the ontogenesis of religious belief;and "Who put the 'H' in the HADD?"

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RELIGION BRAIN & BEHAVIOR 2024年第2期14卷 119-130页

作者： Atkinson, Andrew Ross Univ Bialystok Soc & Cognit Unit Bialystok Poland Univ Agder Dept Global Dev & Social Planning Kristiansand Norway

This paper addresses the origin of the hyperactive (or hypersensitive) agent (or agency) detection device (HADD) and its 'places' in the ontogenesis of religion. In 1. I engage in a preamble surrounding correspondence with Robert McCauley, Justin Barrett, and Tom Lawson on the origins of the HADD idea. In 2. I explain the roles HADD is purported to have had in the evolution of religion and a religious mindset from two potentially conflicting perspectives. I claim there is confusion where these two perspectives are not properly demarcated. In 3. I trace the evolution of the HADD concept. At 4. I outline the current condition of the HADD idea in light of several objections to it. I conclude that a) although history does not support the origins of the HADD idea as having any one single author, it is Barrett who spearheaded it and defended it, thusly galvanising his name to the concept historically;b) that as it is described in 2a it is compatible with predictive processing as described in 2b;and c) that the concept of HADD in its variant forms still excites philosophical and empirical questions, the answers to which are relevant to the science versus religion debate.

关键词： Hyperactive agent detection device hypersensitive agency detection device religion cultural evolution predictive processing atheism

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Affect-biased attention and predictive processing

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COGNITION 2020年 203卷 104370-104370页

作者： Ransom, Madeleine Fazelpour, Sina Markovic, Jelena Kryklywy, James Thompson, Evan T. Todd, Rebecca M. Univ British Columbia Dept Philosophy Vancouver BC Canada Univ British Columbia Dept Psychol Vancouver BC Canada Univ British Columbia Ctr Brain Hlth Vancouver BC Canada Indiana Univ Bloomington Dept Cognit Sci 819 Eigenmann1900 E 10th St Bloomingmn IN 47406 USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Dept Philosophy Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

In this paper we argue that predictive processing (PP) theory cannot account for the phenomenon of affect-biased attention - prioritized attention to stimuli that are affectively salient because of their associations with reward or punishment. Specifically, the PP hypothesis that selective attention can be analyzed in terms of the optimization of precision expectations cannot accommodate affect-biased attention;affectively salient stimuli can capture our attention even when precision expectations are low. We review the prospects of three recent attempts to accommodate affect with tools internal to PP theory: Miller and Clark's (2018) embodied inference;Seth's (2013) interoceptive inference;and Joffily and Coricelli's (2013) rate of change of free energy. In each case we argue that the account does not resolve the challenge from affect-biased attention. For this reason, we conclude that prediction error minimization is not sufficient to explain all mental phenomena, contrary to the claim that the PP framework provides a unified theory of all mental phenomena or the brain's cognitive functioning. Nevertheless, we suggest that empirical investigation of the interaction between affective salience and precision expectations should prove helpful in understanding the limits of PP theory, and may provide new directions for the application of a Bayesian perspective to perception.

关键词： predictive processing Affective salience Attention Free energy Bayesian brain Emotion

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An Introduction to predictive processing Models of Perception and Decision-Making

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TOPICS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE 2023年第0期 2023 Oct 29页

作者： Sprevak, Mark Smith, Ryan Univ Edinburgh Sch Philosophy Psychol & Language Sci Edinburgh Scotland Laureate Inst Brain Res Tulsa OK USA Laureate Inst Brain Res 6655 S Yale Ave Tulsa OK 74136 USA

The predictive processing framework includes a broad set of ideas, which might be articulated and developed in a variety of ways, concerning how the brain may leverage predictive models when implementing perception, cognition, decision-making, and motor control. This article provides an up-to-date introduction to the two most influential theories within this framework: predictive coding and active inference. The first half of the paper (Sections 2-5) reviews the evolution of predictive coding, from early ideas about efficient coding in the visual system to a more general model encompassing perception, cognition, and motor control. The theory is characterized in terms of the claims it makes at Marr's computational, algorithmic, and implementation levels of description, and the conceptual and mathematical connections between predictive coding, Bayesian inference, and variational free energy (a quantity jointly evaluating model accuracy and complexity) are explored. The second half of the paper (Sections 6-8) turns to recent theories of active inference. Like predictive coding, active inference models assume that perceptual and learning processes minimize variational free energy as a means of approximating Bayesian inference in a biologically plausible manner. However, these models focus primarily on planning and decision-making processes that predictive coding models were not developed to address. Under active inference, an agent evaluates potential plans (action sequences) based on their expected free energy (a quantity that combines anticipated reward and information gain). The agent is assumed to represent the world as a partially observable Markov decision process with discrete time and discrete states. Current research applications of active inference models are described, including a range of simulation work, as well as studies fitting models to empirical data. The paper concludes by considering future research directions that will be important for further devel

关键词： predictive processing predictive coding Bayesian inference Free energy minimization Active inference Generative models Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs)

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Stone tools, predictive processing and the evolution of language

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MIND & LANGUAGE 2023年第3期38卷 711-731页

作者： Pain, Ross Australian Natl Univ Sch Philosophy Res Sch Social Sci Canberra ACT 2600 Australia

Recent work by Stout and colleagues indicates that the neural correlates of language and Early Stone Age toolmaking overlap significantly. The aim of this paper is to add computational detail to their findings. I use an error minimisation model to outline where the information processing overlap between toolmaking and language lies. I argue that the Early Stone Age signals the emergence of complex structured representations. I then highlight a feature of my account: It allows us to understand the early evolution of syntax in terms of an increase in the number and complexity of models in a cognitive system, rather than the development of new types of processing.

关键词： evolution of language evolutionary cognitive archaeology gradualism predictive processing tool-language co-evolution

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