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Interpreting weights in multiple criteria decision making

International Journal of Information and Management Sciences 2016年第2期27卷 191-202页

作者： Podkopaev, Dmitry Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Newelska 6 str. Warsaw01-447 Poland

Many decision making problems of business and management are formulated in terms of Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM): given a set of alternatives evaluated with multiple criteria, find the alternative which according to the Decision Maker (DM), has the most preferred combination of criteria values (attributes), or rank alternatives from the most preferred one to the least preferred one. The MADM methods incorporate mechanisms of building preference models based on information obtained from the DM. In a wide variety of such methods, the DM is supposed to provide information in terms of weights of criteria, usually understood as criteria's priorities. These weights serve as parameters of the method- specific preference models. The DM can define weights directly, or by using special weight clicitation techniques such as A HP, MAVT and others. Our concerns are that when using weight-based methods, the DM cannot ensure the correctness of the preference model. First, different weight-based methods use different kinds of preference models, which prioritize criteria based on weights in different manners. Second, interpretation of weights in some MADM methods is far from intuitive. Thus, a situation may occur when an inexperienced DM thinks of weights differently than they actually work in the method, and expresses the preference information incorrectly. In this paper we demonstrate the differences between how weights arc interpreted in several methods: simple additive weighting, TOPSIS, VIKOR and PROMETHEE. We do it by comparing rankings produced with methods based on randomly generated data. We demonstrate that differences of interpreting weights significantly contribute to differences in produced rankings. A solution to this problem could be twofold: first, increasing awareness of differences between method-specific weight-based prioritizing mechanisms, and second, providing interpretations of weights for popular methods in the language understandable by the DMs.

关键词： MADM preference modeling PROMETHEEA TOPSIS VIKOR Weighting

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Simulation of preference Information in an Interactive Reference Point-Based Method for the Bi-Objective Inventory Routing Problem

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JOURNAL OF MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS 2015年第1-2期22卷 17-35页

作者： Huber, Sandra Geiger, Martin Sevaux, Marc Helmut Schmidt Univ Logist Management Dept Hamburg Germany Univ Bretagne Sud Ctr Rech Lab STICC F-56321 Lorient France

In the research area of multiple criteria decision making, very few publications exist that explicitly design the simulation of a decision maker (DM) in an interactive approach. For this reason, we outline some methods widely used in the literature to identify common assumptions of simulating the DM's responses and the required input preference information. Our paper aims at covering the identified gap by introducing experimental concepts. Such concepts are used for theoretical analyses of a combined search-and-decision-making procedure. Simulating the DM is a fruitful idea because the algorithm can be tested without integrating a human decision maker. Finally, we conduct experiments based on the proposed settings for a multiobjective inventory routing problem, which is a relevant and challenging logistic problem. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： reference points simulation of the decision maker's responses preference modeling inventory routing problem

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A Conjugate Class of Utility Functions for Sequential Decision Problems

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RISK ANALYSIS 2015年第9期35卷 1611-1622页

作者： Houlding, Brett Coolen, Frank P. A. Bolger, Donnacha Univ Dublin Trinity Coll Discipline Stat Dublin 2 Ireland Univ Durham Dept Math Sci Durham England

The use of the conjugacy property for members of the exponential family of distributions is commonplace within Bayesian statistical analysis, allowing for tractable and simple solutions to problems of inference. However, despite a shared motivation, there has been little previous development of a similar property for using utility functions within a Bayesian decision analysis. As such, this article explores a class of utility functions that appear to be reasonable for modeling the preferences of a decisionmaker in many real-life situations, but that also permit a tractable and simple analysis within sequential decision problems.

关键词： Decision analysis matched updating normative choice theory preference modeling risk analysis utility theory

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A Structured Approach for Rapidly Mapping Multilevel System Measures via Simulation Metamodeling

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SYSTEMS ENGINEERING 2015年第1期18卷 87-101页

作者： Rosen, Scott L. Saunders, Christopher P. Guharay, Samar K. Mitre Corp Mclean VA 22102 USA

With increasing complexity of real-world systems, especially for continuously evolving scenarios, systems analysts encounter a major challenge with the modeling techniques that capture detailed system characteristics defining input-output relationships. The models become very complex and require long time of execution. In this situation, techniques to construct approximations of the simulation model by metamodeling alleviate long run times and the need for large computational resources;it also provides a means to aggregate a simulation's multiple outputs of interest and derives a single decision-making metric. The method described here leverages simulation metamodeling to map the three basic SE metrics, namely, measures of performance to measures of effectiveness to a single figure of merit. This enables using metamodels to map multilevel system measures supports rapid decision making. The results from a case study demonstrate the merit of the method. Several metamodeling techniques are compared and bootstrap error analysis and predicted residual sums of squares statistic are discussed to evaluate the standard error and error due to bias.

关键词： quantitative systems engineering simulation metamodeling preference modeling

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A valued Ferrers relation for interval comparison

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FUZZY SETS AND SYSTEMS 2015年 266卷 47-66页

作者： Oeztuerk, Meltem Tsoukias, Alexis Univ Paris 09 CNRS Lamsade Paris France

The paper deals with the valued comparison of intervals for decision making. Interval orders are classical preference structures where the comparison of intervals is done in an ordinal way. In this paper we focus on valued comparison where more information, especially the distance between end-points of intervals, is used in order to have more sophisticated preference structures. The generalization of an interval order as a valued structure requires the choice of de Morgan triplets. We propose a valued outranking relation for interval comparison and show that it satisfies different definitions of valued interval orders using different de Morgan triplet. The decomposition of our outranking relation into preference and indifference provides a valued preference structure where the preference is T-transitive and monotone. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making preference modeling Valued binary relation Interval comparison Interval orders Ferrer relation

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A new recommendation technique for interval scaled multi-criteria rating systems incorporating intensity of preferences

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INTELLIGENT DECISION TECHNOLOGIES-NETHERLANDS 2015年第3期9卷 283-294页

作者： Mikeli, Angeliki Apostolou, Dimitris Despotis, Dimitris Univ Piraeus Piraeus 18534 Greece

We present Interval-Rec, a recommender system that gives predictions on items that are rated on multiple criteria. Although a five-star rating system or similar linguistic scales are used typically by on-line sites to enable their users to rate items such as content or products, ratings are considered usually as ordinal and treated as ratio during the calculation of predicted ratings. We demonstrate that these symbolic or lexical semantics convey information about the strength of user preferences in addition to the order of the rated items. The methodology we propose considers and treats such scales as interval and in the same time provide accurate recommendations to users. Evaluations using well-known and reliable data showed improved results over other significant multi-criteria recommender systems and state of the art single criterion method.

关键词： Recommender systems multiple criteria decision analysis preference modeling linear programming

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Normalized and strict NaP-preferences

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JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015年 66卷 34-40页

作者： Giarlotta, Alfio Univ Catania Dept Econ & Business I-95124 Catania Italy

A Nap-preference (necessary and possible preference) is a pair of nested reflexive binary relations having a preorder as its smaller component, and satisfying natural forms of mixed completeness and mixed transitivity. A Nap-preference is normalized if its smaller component is a partial order. Dually, a strict Nap-preference is a pair of nested asymmetric binary relations having a strict partial order as its smaller component and satisfying suitable mixed transitivity properties. We show that normalized and strict NaP-preferences on the same ground set are in a one-to-one correspondence. It is known that a Nap-preference can be characterized by the existence of a set of total preorders whose intersection and union are respectively equal to its two components. In the same spirit, we characterize normalized and strict NaP-preferences by means of suitable families of order relations, respectively called injective and projective. The properties of injectivity and projectivity are a collectionwise extension of the antisymmetry and the completeness of a single binary relation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： preference modeling Antisymmetry Completeness NaP-preference Injective family Projective family

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Monitoring Human Website Interactions for Online Stores

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World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (WorldCIST)

作者： Zdziebko, Tomasz Sulikowski, Piotr Univ Szczecin Fac Econ & Management Ul Mickiewicza 64 PL-71101 Szczecin Poland West Pomeranian Univ Technol Fac Informat Technol & Comp Sci PL-71210 Szczecin Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783319165288;9783319165271

The convenience of online shopping is an attractive benefit for customers. At the same time, online purchase process is often complicated. As a result, some customers have difficulty with or even fail to complete the process. This article presents a tool for detailed monitoring users' interaction with shopping websites. Data collected can be used for many purposes, including interface and content adaptation. By means of personalization, a website can automatically adapt to suit the needs of a particular user, thus vastly improving human media interaction and its efficiency. In this article the human-website interaction monitoring tool ECPM is presented and sample results based on selected B2C stores are discussed.

关键词： human website interaction e-commerce preference modeling

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MOPIC Properties in the Representation of preferences by a 2-Additive Choquet Integral 4th

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4th International Conference on Algorithmic Decision Theory (ADT)

作者： Mayag, Brice Univ Paris 09 LAMSADE F-75775 Paris 16 France

ISBN: (纸本)9783319231143;9783319231136

In the context of Multiple Criteria Decision aiding (MCDA), we present necessary conditions to obtain a representation of a cardinal information by a Choquet integral w.r.t a 2-additive capacity. A cardinal information is a preferential information provided by a Decision Maker (DM) containing a strict preference, a quaternary and indifference relations. Our work is focused on the representation of a cardinal information by a particular Choquet integral defined by a 2-additive capacity. Used as an aggregation function, it arises as a generalization of the arithmetic mean, taking into account the interaction between two criteria. Then, it is a good compromise between simple models like arithmetic mean and complex models like general Choquet integral. We consider also the set of fictitious alternatives called binary alternatives or binary actions from which the Choquet integral w.r.t a 2-additive capacity can be entirely specified. The proposed MOPIC (MOnotonicity of Preferential Information for Cardinal) conditions can be viewed as an alternative to balanced cyclones which are complex necessary and sufficient conditions, used in the characterization of a 2-additive Choquet integral through a cardinal information.

关键词： MCDA preference modeling Choquet integral MACBETH

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User preferences modeling and Learning for Pleasing Photo Collage Generation

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING COMMUNICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS 2015年第1期12卷 6-6页

作者： Bianco, Simone Ciocca, Gianluigi Univ Milano Bicocca Dept Informat Syst & Commun DISCo Milan Italy

In this article, we consider how to automatically create pleasing photo collages created by placing a set of images on a limited canvas area. The task is formulated as an optimization problem. Differently from existing state-of-the-art approaches, we here exploit subjective experiments to model and learn pleasantness from user preferences. To this end, we design an experimental framework for the identification of the criteria that need to be taken into account to generate a pleasing photo collage. Five different thematic photo datasets are used to create collages using state-of-the-art criteria. A first subjective experiment where several subjects evaluated the collages, emphasizes that different criteria are involved in the subjective definition of pleasantness. We then identify new global and local criteria and design algorithms to quantify them. The relative importance of these criteria are automatically learned by exploiting the user preferences, and new collages are generated. To validate our framework, we performed several psycho-visual experiments involving different users. The results shows that the proposed framework allows to learn a novel computational model which effectively encodes an inter-user definition of pleasantness. The learned definition of pleasantness generalizes well to new photo datasets of different themes and sizes not used in the learning. Moreover, compared with two state-of-the-art approaches, the collages created using our framework are preferred by the majority of the users.

关键词： Design Algorithms Experimentation Performance Automatic collage creation optimization algorithm preference modeling subjective experiment user modeling visual features extraction

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