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Robust internal model controller with increased closed-loop bandwidth for process control systems

IET control THEORY AND APPLICATIONS 2020年第15期14卷 2134-2146页

作者： Arya, Pushkar Prakash Chakrabarty, Sohom Indian Inst Technol Roorkee Dept Elect Engn Roorkee Uttar Pradesh India

This study proposes a modified internal model control (IMC) structure in which an additional controller is added to the standard IMC structure to improve the closed-loop system bandwidth. The resulting structure is evaluated to satisfy standard IMC objectives of nominal performance and robust stability. The novelty of the work is to design a fractional order (FO) filter in the IMC structure so that gain margin (A(m)) and phase margin (phi(m)) specifications could be independently satisfied for a first-order plus time delay (FOPTD) process control plant. The proposed modified IMC (m-IMC) is simulated for three different FOPTD systems to validate and substantiate the theoretical analysis. The proposed m-IMC is compared with different integer order as well as FO controllers. The transient performance are compared in terms of rise time (T-r), settling time (T-s), maximum overshoot (%M-p) and the effectiveness is measured in terms of integral square error. To validate the viability of the proposed control scheme, it is implemented on a laboratory DC servo-system.

关键词： delays process control closed loop systems servomotors robust control control system synthesis three-term control PI control robust internal model controller process control systems modified internal model control structure standard IMC structure closed-loop system bandwidth robust stability fractional order filter gain margin phase margin time delay process control plant m-IMC FOPTD systems laboratory DC servo-system

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process-TRANSLATABLE PETRI NETS FOR THE RAPID PROTOTYPING OF process-control systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1986年第2期12卷 346-357页

作者： BRUNO, G MARCHETTO, G Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy

A methodology for the rapid creation of prototypes of process control systems is presented. The methodology is based on an original extension to classical Petri nets. The proposed nets, called PROT nets, yield a suitable framework to support the following activities: 1. building an operational specification model, 2. evaluation, simulation, and validation of the model, and 3. automatic translation into program structures. A PROT net is a strongly connected, directed graph with 2 kinds of vertices -- places and transitions -- connected by arcs so that no 2 places and no 2 transitions can be linked directly. In particular, PROT nets are demonstrated to be translatable into Ada program structures concerning concurrent processes and their synchronizations. This translation is illustrated using, as a working example, the problem of tool handling in a flexible manufacturing system.

关键词： Petri Nets Prototypes process control Fires Software Computational Modeling Firing Synchronizations Ada Petri Nets process control systems Rapid Prototyping Requirements Specification Simulation

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Optimizing advanced, process control systems: process and control audits

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MINERALS & METALLURGICAL processING 2003年第3期20卷 135-139页

作者： Machado, IC de Araujo, AC Peres, AEC TechnoMine Serv LLC Salt Lake City UT USA Univ Fed Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG Brazil

This paper outlines the activities and objectives of process and process control audits, aiming at the implementation of advanced process control systems (ACSs) on existing mineral processing plants. Advanced process control systems - also referred to as online optimizing process control systems (OOPCSs) - is a relatively new technology that has been successfully applied to mineral processing plants worldwide with the aim of improving product quality;increasing throughput and recoveries;and reducing power consumption, variability, reagent consumption and operating costs in general. After a brief review of the concepts supporting advanced process control, the phases of their implementation are presented and the initial process and control audits are positioned therein. A detailed view of these audits, their role and the activities thereof, are then presented.

关键词： process control systems process and control audits expert systems adaptive systems

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Security for process control systems An Overview

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IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY 2008年第6期6卷 24-29页

作者： Brandle, Markus Naedele, Martin ABB Corp. Res. Baden-Dattwil

Over the past few years, IT security has become a dominant topic in the process control domain. The authors outline what they see as the core challenges, how industry is responding to them, and what problems remain.

关键词： IT SCADA process control systems protection security supervisory control and data acquisition

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Formalizing the General Plant for Development of Hybrid process control systems

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Journal of systems Engineering and Electronics 1998年第1期9卷 38-47页

作者： Yang, Zhenyu Chen, Zongji Li, Xuandong Beijing Univ of Aero and Astro China

Many process control systems are a kind of hybrid systems. In order to develop a satisfied control strategy, i. e., to make the whole system satisfy some processing requirements, the knowledge of plant is indispensable. This paper proposes a formal model for the general plant for a kind of process control systems. Based on the model, requirements for the system can be specified from goals, and the controller can be designed according to plant based formal approach . An industrial process control system is used to illustrate our models and methods. Duration Calculus, a real time interval logic, is utilized to specify some characters of the model and development of control program for the exemplified system.

关键词： Hybrid system process control systems Duration calculus.

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Long-lived authentication protocols for process control systems

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION 2010年第3-4期3卷 174-181页

作者： Chakravarthy, Rasika Hauser, Carl Bakken, David E. Washington State Univ Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Pullman WA 99164 USA

process control systems that manage critical infrastructures have to be available continuously;they may have nodes that once deployed cannot be easily accessed;and they need to be functional over long periods of time. Since the consequences of critical infrastructure disruptions are potentially serious and since critical infrastructures are under threats ranging from extortion to terrorism, it is vital to keep the security services up to current standards over many years of deployment. The mutual authentication of process control system nodes is a fundamental building block of security. This paper describes authentication protocols for use in long-lived process control systems. The protocols address the issue of longevity by defining, as part of the protocol suites, a means for the cryptographic components of the authentication system to be replaced dynamically and securely. The correctness of the component update protocol is established using an extended version of the Burrows, Abadi and Needham (BAN) authentication logic, which incorporates primitives and rules for reasoning about the belief of the ability of cryptographic modules to maintain secrecy. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： process control systems Authentication protocols Long-lived protocols Mutual authentication

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GENERATING EXTENDED STATE TRANSITIONS FROM STRUCTURED SPECIFICATIONS FOR process-control systems

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1989年第5期4卷 283-291页

作者： KUHN, DR NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL GAITHERSBURGMD 20899

The paper describes a method for providing improved prototyping capabilities in a process control system emulation tool. The tool, the NIST Hierarchical control System Emulator, allows concurrent execution of modules emulating both physical processes and decision processes. The concurrent modules are specified as extended finite state machines. This paper describes the emulation tool and presents a simple method for transforming code, written with structured control constructs, into an extended state machine representation usable on the Emulator, providing the capability for rapid prototyping of designs. The paper also discusses advantages and disadvantages of this approach against direct use of state tables for specifying processes on the Emulator.

关键词： software tools formal specification emulation tool decision processes Programming support structured specifications prototyping extended state transitions state tables control engineering computing extended finite state machines Hierarchical control System Emulator NIST process control systems physical processes finite automata digital simulation process computer control

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process control systems in the Mixing Facilities

KGK-KAUTSCHUK GUMMI KUNSTSTOFFE

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KGK-KAUTSCHUK GUMMI KUNSTSTOFFE 2009年第4期62卷 177-181页

作者： May, C. CT Datentech GmbH D-31582 Nienburg Weser Germany

Computer based process control systems within mixing facilities of rubber factories have been developed since the 1980s from autarkic automation systems to complex comprehensive management systems, which integrate in other IT worlds (like ERP-systems or laboratory systems) harmonically. Moreover there are more and new possibilities for analyses, which include not only the pure technical data, but also commercial and economical treatments of all activities within the production.

关键词： process control systems Automation Mixer control Data treatment Production data aquisition

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On the Feasibility of Distinguishing Between process Disturbances and Intrusions in process control systems using Multivariate Statistical process control 46

On the Feasibility of Distinguishing Between Process Disturb...

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46th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable systems and Networks Workshops (DSN-W)

作者： Iturbe, Mikel Camacho, Jose Garitano, Inaki Zurutuza, Urko Uribeetxeberria, Roberto Mondragon Univ Dept Elect & Comp Fac Engn E-20500 Arrasate Mondragon Spain Univ Granada Dept Signal Theory Telemat & Commun CITIC E-18071 Granada Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781467388917

process control systems (PCSs) are the operating core of Critical Infrastructures (CIs). As such, anomaly detection has been an active research field to ensure CI normal operation. Previous approaches have leveraged network level data for anomaly detection, or have disregarded the existence of process disturbances, thus opening the possibility of mislabelling disturbances as attacks and vice versa. In this paper we present an anomaly detection and diagnostic system based on Multivariate Statistical process control (MSPC), that aims to distinguish between attacks and disturbances. For this end, we expand traditional MSPC to monitor process level and controller level data. We evaluate our approach using the Tennessee-Eastman process. Results show that our approach can be used to distinguish disturbances from intrusions to a certain extent and we conclude that the proposed approach can be extended with other sources of data for improving results.

关键词： process control systems Multivariate Statistical process control Tennessee-Eastman

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The Development of a Generic Framework for the Forensic Analysis of SCADA and process control systems

The Development of a Generic Framework for the Forensic Anal...

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2nd International Conference on Forensic Applications and Techniques in Telecommunications, Information and Multimedia

作者： Slay, Jill Sitnikova, Elena Univ S Australia Def & Syst Inst Mawson Lakes SA 5095 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783642023118

There is continuing interest in researching generic security architectures and strategies for managing SCADA and process control systems. Documentation from various countries on IT security does now begin to recommendations for security controls for (federal) information systems which include connected process control systems. Little or no work exists in the public domain which takes a big picture approach to the issue of developing a generic or generalisable approach to SCADA and process control system forensics. The discussion raised in this paper is that before one can develop solutions to the problem of SCADA forensics, a good understanding of the forensic computing process, and the range of technical and procedural issues subsumed with in this process, need to be understood, and also agreed, by governments, industry and academia.

关键词： SCADA process control systems security forensics

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