Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology enables innovative communication between the brain and machines, extending its impact beyond healthcare to various daily activities. Electrodes play a pivotal role in electroe...
详细信息
Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology enables innovative communication between the brain and machines, extending its impact beyond healthcare to various daily activities. Electrodes play a pivotal role in electroencephalogram (EEG)-based BCIs, serving as the crucial link between brain electrical activity and technology for signal acquisition and transmission. The conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) has emerged as an optimal material for electrode modification due to its exceptional electron-ion conductivity and biocompatibility. However, ensuring high-quality and stable signal transmission in BCIs requires multifaceted efforts. This review comprehensively explores BCI construction techniques and applications, covering performance metrics, established electrode types, operational principles, and recent advancements in PEDOT:PSSbased electrodes. System design aspects, including connection methods, circuit design, and algorithms, are detailed, along with explanations of prevalent EEG-based BCI tests-P300, motor imagery, and steady-state visual evoked potential. The conclusion outlines specific BCI applications and briefly addresses the prospects and challenges of this emerging technology.
The effect of random internal waves on the gain and pattern of a horizontal antenna array in a shallow sea has been investigated. An algorithm for calculating the correlation matrix of the point source field at the gr...
详细信息
The effect of random internal waves on the gain and pattern of a horizontal antenna array in a shallow sea has been investigated. An algorithm for calculating the correlation matrix of the point source field at the grating aperture is proposed. The antenna gain is analyzed for different spatial processing methods: the beam forming method, the optimal linear processing method, and the optimal quadratic processing method. The effect of internal waves on the directivity pattern is described by the dispersion of the angular response of the grating. Numerical simulation results are presented for a model summer-type waveguide and an exponential Brunt-Vaisala frequency profile. The empirical internal wave spectrum proposed earlier from the SWARM95 experiment is used. The dependences of the antenna array characteristics on the number of its elements, orientation with respect to the source, radiation frequency, and the acoustic characteristics of the bottom are analyzed.
Methodological and algorithmic bases of the local-regional and global wireless networks operation for functional states of people long-term monitoring are offered. The construction of efficient wireless networks and p...
详细信息
Highly accurate vibrometry and ranging are important topics in the industrialized economy. Wherever optical measurement technology fails due to its high prices and vulnerability within harsh environments, millimeter-w...
详细信息
Highly accurate vibrometry and ranging are important topics in the industrialized economy. Wherever optical measurement technology fails due to its high prices and vulnerability within harsh environments, millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar technology is well suited. This article introduces a signal processing chain for ultrawideband frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. It uses fast-time measurement to evaluate the instantaneous phase, thus allowing for spatially resolved sensing of multiple simultaneously vibrating radar targets, faster than the chirp rate. In order to accomplish this, a sophisticated error model and a calibration scheme were derived. We used three FMCW radar systems covering a broad range of the mmWave spectrum to demonstrate the signal processing approach. In contrast to the commonly used slow-time measurement principle, the highest detectable frequency was improved from 55 Hz to at least 16 kHz, which is the upper limit of the audio range. Up to 10 kHz could be measured with an underlying large-scale motion of 0.4 m/s, while the vibration displacement was at a minimum of 30 nm.
Dual-Energy CT was integrated into clinical practice in 2005, introducing new applications in spinal imaging diagnostics through dual- and multi-material differentiation. These applications include the measurement of ...
详细信息
Dual-Energy CT was integrated into clinical practice in 2005, introducing new applications in spinal imaging diagnostics through dual- and multi-material differentiation. These applications include the measurement of bone mineral density, visualization of bone marrow and soft tissue edema, and depiction of disc extrusions. The computation of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) from dual-energy CT data allows image reconstruction at various keV levels. Low-energy VMI reconstructions in dual-energy CT increases contrast resolution but results in increased image noise. This enhanced contrast resolution enables improved depiction of soft tissue tumors infiltrating the spinal canal. High-energy VMI reconstructions in dual-energy CT are used to minimize beam hardening artifacts, for instance, in spinal fusion. Iterative image post-processing algorithms reduce image noise. The photon-counting CT was introduced to the market in 2021 and offers numerous advantages over previous generations, including improved spatial resolution, reduced radiation dose and the ability to capture multi-energy datasets at various keV levels with a single X-ray tube. AI applications can assist radiologists in localizing and identifying vertebral bodies, detecting vertebral fractures, and locating malignancy-suspect bone lesions.
This research work proposes a novel algorithms of processing fuzzy data got while medical examinations of patients in the hospital. These algorithms are based on the use of a set of binary masks of a set of examinatio...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728167008
This research work proposes a novel algorithms of processing fuzzy data got while medical examinations of patients in the hospital. These algorithms are based on the use of a set of binary masks of a set of examination parameter states, classified by parameter sets for each type of medical examination. The amount of medical examinations for patient in a hospital differs by a more comprehensive set of examinations. And the amount of fuzzy data generated is significantly higher than in outpatient diagnostics. To solve problems associated with getting a clinical diagnosis, predicting the dynamics of a patient's clinical condition and the outcome of a patient's treatment based on medical screenings and examinations the specific algorithms are necessary both at the initial stage and during treatment. These algorithms are coding / decoding, classification and building of structured interconnected models and states of the diagnostic system throughout the entire patient treatment process. A diagnostic system is a set of methods, knowledge and algorithms for solving the problem of decision support in the clinical diagnostics of patients' diseases in a hospital or outpatient clinic. The methods and algorithms presented in the article allow pre-processing fuzzy data of medical examinations of patients in order to optimize and further use fuzzy cognitive models and artificial intelligence methods. Also a method for the classification of medical examination parameters is proposed for applying the proposed algorithms.
The past decade has witnessed a surge into research on disruptive technologies that either challenge or complement conventional thoracic diagnostic modalities. The non-ionizing, non-invasive, compact, and low power re...
详细信息
The past decade has witnessed a surge into research on disruptive technologies that either challenge or complement conventional thoracic diagnostic modalities. The non-ionizing, non-invasive, compact, and low power requirements of electromagnetic (EM) techniques make them among the top contenders with varieties of proposed scanning systems, which can be used to detect wide range of thoracic illnesses. Different configurations, antenna topologies and detection or imaging algorithms are utilized in these systems. Hence, to appreciate their progress and assess their potential, a critical review of EM thoracic scanning systems is presented. Considering the numerous thoracic diseases, such as fatty liver disease, lung cancer, respiratory and heart related complications, this paper will exclusively focus on torso scanning systems, tracing the early foundation of research that studied the possibility of using EM waves to detect thoracic diseases besides exploring recent progresses. The advantages and disadvantages of proposed systems and future possibilities are thoroughly discussed.
Many applications require low-cost vibration monitoring. Here we present a robust method for spatially resolved non-contact vibrometry with frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar sensors. Our newly found tec...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728168159
Many applications require low-cost vibration monitoring. Here we present a robust method for spatially resolved non-contact vibrometry with frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar sensors. Our newly found technique uses an instantaneous phase evaluation, thus allows for measuring faster than the radar sensors chirp rate. We verified our theory with experiments using an 80 GHz highly synchronous ultra-wideband mmWave radar system. In this way, we reached sub-micrometer measurement precision with vibration frequencies up to 16 kHz. Furthermore, we showed that our method enables a clear separation of various vibrating radar targets.
InSAR time series analysis of deformation fields, a goal of many modern radar systems, almost always starts with processed range-Doppler single look complex (SLC) radar images. These images are precisely coregistered ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781538671504
InSAR time series analysis of deformation fields, a goal of many modern radar systems, almost always starts with processed range-Doppler single look complex (SLC) radar images. These images are precisely coregistered and pairwise phase differences form the interferograms. Computing coregistered SLCs directly in a desired geometry saves significant data storage and readily produces data products that are easy to analyze in coordinate systems that are well matched to a desired application. Here we demonstrate InSAR data products created using a backprojection algorithm that skips the range-Doppler, coregistration, and elevation compensation steps. Implementing this in an on-demand system saves not only on the volume of products that must be computed, stored, and delivered, it further greatly simplifies analysis by the end user and opens up InSAR techniques to a wider group of applications.
The problem of storage and visualization of medical images collected by various medical equipment is actual for latest 10 years for every medical institution. On the other hand, access to the medical investigation dat...
详细信息
The problem of storage and visualization of medical images collected by various medical equipment is actual for latest 10 years for every medical institution. On the other hand, access to the medical investigation datasets and solving the problem of personal patient data security is important for scientific community and institutions that require this data. "DICOM Network" project was developed for solving these problems for different actors in the system based on the various customized roles. This article describes the problems and possible solutions for optimization of medical images storing, providing stable and secure access, based on the distributed warehouse for huge volumes of data with different levels of access.
暂无评论