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7th International Workshop on Reconfigurable Communication-Centric Systems-on-Chip (ReCoSoC)

作者： Plumbridge, Gary Audsley, Neil Univ York Dept Comp Sci York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England

ISBN: (纸本)9781467325721

This paper discusses a strategy for translating the Java programming language to a form that is suitable for execution on resource limited embedded systems such as softcore processors in FPGAs, Network-on-Chip nodes and microcontrollers. The translation strategy prioritises the minimisation of runtime memory usage, generated code size, and suitability for a wide range of small architectures over other desirable goals such as execution speed and strict adherence to the Java standard. The translation procedure, or Concrete Hardware Implementation of a software application first converts the application's compiled Java class files to a self-contained intermediate representation conducive to optimisation and refactoring. The intermediate format is then serialised into a programming language compilable to the target architecture. This paper presents techniques for analysing whole Java applications, translating Java methods and building a stand-alone translated application with the same functional behaviour as the original Java. An example C-code generator is described and evaluated against similar previous approaches. An existing benchmark application, JavaBenchEmbedded, is demonstrated to require less than 30KiB of program code and 16KiB of runtime heap memory when executing on a Xilinx MicroBlaze Processor.

关键词： Embedded systems program code execution speed

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Quality Model based on ISO/IEC 9126 for Internal Quality of MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow Models 2012

Quality Model based on ISO/IEC 9126 for Internal Quality of ...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)

作者： Hu, Wei Loeffler, Tino Wegener, Joachim Berner & Mattner Syst Tech GmbH D-10587 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467303422

In a model-based approach, models are considered as the prime artefacts for the software specification, design and implementation. Quality assurance for program codes has been discussed a lot, however equivalent methods for model quality assessment remain rareness. Assessing quality is of particular importance for technical models (e. g. MATLAB/Simulink/Stateflow models), since they are often used for production code generation. Our main contribution is a quality model based on ISO/IEC 9126, which defines the internal model quality as well as measures for the assessments. Our quality model shall not only show improvement potentials in model, but also provide evidence about quality evolution of a model.

关键词： program code Quality assessment internal quality code generation

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codeBender: Remote Software Protection Using Orthogonal Replacement

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2011年第2期28卷 28-34页

作者： Ceccato, Mariano Tonella, Paolo Fdn Bruno Kessler Trento Italy

In a typical client-server scenario, a server provides valuable services to client applications that run remotely on untrusted client computers. Typical examples are video on demand, online games, voice-over-IP communications, and many others. However, client-side users often hold administrative privileges on their machines and could tamper with the client application to fulfill the service in violation of the service usage conditions or service agreements. Guaranteeing client-code security is one of the most difficult security problem to address. It's an instance of the malicious host problem, where an adversary in control of the client's host environment tries to tamper with the client code. The authors present codeBender, a tool that implements a novel client replacement strategy to counter the malicious host problem. The client code has limited validity and, when it expires, the server provides a new client that replaces the former one. The reverse-engineering efforts of adversaries are deterred by the complexity of analyzing frequently changing, always different (orthogonal) program code.

关键词： development tools hardware/software protection program transformation security and protection software/software engineering program translation Orthogonal program code Client Application remote software Servers

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Virtual Model Surgery for Efficient Planning and Surgical Performance

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JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2011年第3期69卷 638-644页

作者： McCormick, Suzanne U. Drew, Stephanie J. 355 Santa Fe Dr Suite 100 Encinitas CA 92024 USA

Outpatient surgery has revolutionized health care. From minimally invasive surgical approaches to the continued refinement of general anesthesia, same-day surgery is common place. Concurrent is the recognition that heath care dollars are becoming a limited resource, such that the insurance industry is promoting such cost-saving measures as 23-hour outpatient stays. The most expensive portion of a patient\'s surgical treatment is the total time required to complete the procedure and then the anesthesia and the facility fee. Third-party reimbursement is based on established Current Procedure codes. For most surgical procedures, the Current Procedure code describes the procedure as a package, from initiation to completion of the surgical procedure, regardless of time required to perform the surgery. Conversely, reimbursement for anesthesia is time-dependent, based on 15-minute intervals. Thus, optimizing time management in the operating room is central to resource use.

关键词： Completion time-dependent Health Care Operative Surgical Procedures Ambulatory Surgical Procedures program code Anesthetics Surgery Time Management Resource utilization encapsulating Operating rooms Virtual

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RISING PREVALENCE OF GASTROSCHISIS IN WASHINGTON STATE

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JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES 2011年第5期74卷 336-345页

作者： Chabra, Shilpi Gleason, Christine A. Seidel, Kristy Williams, Michelle A. Univ Washington Dept Pediat Seattle WA 98195 USA Seattle Childrens Res Inst Off Biostat Serv Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Epidemiol Seattle WA 98195 USA

The aim of this study was to assess gastroschisis prevalence in Washington (WA) State in relation to putative risk factors. Gastroschisis prevalence was calculated from the WA State birth cohort during 1987-2006 using an administrative database with birth certificate data linked with hospital discharge records and the ICD-9 procedure code 54.71, which specifies gastroschisis repair. Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate time trends while adjusting for risk factors. Birth year was included as a linear term. Maternal age, smoking, race, residence in urban versus rural area, geographic region (eastern versus western Washington), paternal age, and infant gender were included as categorical factors. Prevalence ratios were adjusted for birth year and all of the preceding factors. Two hundred and eighty-two infants with gastroschisis were identified. In the adjusted analysis, the prevalence ratio for gastroschisis was 1.1 per year (95% CI 1.08-1.13), indicating an average 10% increase per birth year. Teen mothers were at a higher risk compared to mothers >= 25 yr old (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] 8.02;95% CI 5.30-12.13), as were teen fathers (aRR 2.35;95% CI 1.48-3.74) compared to fathers >= 25 years old. Maternal smoking was associated with a higher risk compared to those who were nonsmokers (aRR 1.58;95% CI 1.19-2.09). Black mothers had a lower risk compared with white mothers. There was no association with geographic classification of mother's residence. Gastroschisis prevalence has increased in WA, particularly in teen mothers and in smokers. This is not explained by a rise in teenage pregnancies or maternal smoking. Further investigation of factors specific to teenage lifestyle is warranted.

关键词： Pregnancy in Adolescence program code Gastroschisis Parturition Teens birth Mother Washington

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Instruction Prediction in Microprocessor Unit

Instruction Prediction in Microprocessor Unit

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18th Conference on Computer Networks (CN 2011)

作者： Kwiecien, Andrzej Mackowski, Michal Skoroniak, Krzysztof Silesian Tech Univ Inst Comp Sci PL-44100 Gliwice Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783642217708

Protection of computer systems from an unauthorized access to the classified information is a very essential issue. The research deals with some aspect of this problem resulting from the fact, that for instance, an author of a software for embedded system is not aware that it is possible to identify partly or entirely, program code. It can be done in non-invasive way, without influence on the microprocessor internal structure and program memory. The authors intend to prove that it is possible to recognise the instructions executing by certain type of microprocessor, analysing only the character of disturbances in the power supply lines. The research results inspire to the more careful study of ways and methodology for developing software, which should highly hinder the software reverse engineering.

关键词： reverse engineering program code microcontroller conducted emission electromagnetic disturbances electromagnetic interference

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The Analysis of Microprocessor Instruction Cycle

The Analysis of Microprocessor Instruction Cycle

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18th Conference on Computer Networks (CN 2011)

作者： Kwiecien, Andrzej Mackowski, Michal Skoroniak, Krzysztof Silesian Tech Univ Inst Comp Sci PL-44100 Gliwice Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783642217708

Each microcontroller realizing the code saved in a program memory emits electromagnetic disturbances, both conducted that propagate through lines connected to the processor and radiated in the form of electromagnetic field. All of these undesirable signals emitted by the processor can be measured, received and interpreted by the appropriate methods. However, this subject requires a precise measurement and understanding of processes occurring inside the microprocessor during realization of the sequential instructions. The presented results of the influence of parameters such as data bus state, instruction argument, the result of operation on the voltage waveform on the power supply lines of microprocessor, enable to understand the processes occurring during the realization of following instructions by microprocessor unit.

关键词： reverse engineering program code microcontroller conducted emission electromagnetic disturbances electromagnetic interference

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Flow-Sensitive Pointer Analysis for Millions of Lines of code

Flow-Sensitive Pointer Analysis for Millions of Lines of Cod...

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9th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on code Generation and Optimization (CGO)

作者： Hardekopf, Ben Lin, Calvin Univ Calif Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Univ Texas Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781612843551

Many program analyses benefit, both in precision and performance, from precise pointer analysis. An important dimension of pointer analysis precision is flow-sensitivity, which has been shown to be useful for applications such as program verification and static analysis of binary code, among many others. However, flow-sensitive pointer analysis has historically been unable to scale to programs with millions of lines of code. We present a new flow-sensitive pointer analysis algorithm that is an order of magnitude faster than the existing state of the art, enabling for the first time flow-sensitive pointer analysis for programs with millions of lines of code. Our flow-sensitive algorithm is based on a sparse representation of program code created by a staged, flow-insensitive pointer analysis. We explain how this new algorithm is a member of a new family of pointer analysis algorithms that deserves further study.

关键词： Pointer lines of code codes analysis programme Analysis lines lines program code binary code program verification

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Compiler-assisted architectural support for program code integrity monitoring in application-specific instruction set processors

Compiler-assisted architectural support for program code int...

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IEEE International Conference on Computer Design: VLSI in Computers and Processors, (ICCD)

作者： Hai Liny Xuan Guany Yunsi Feiy Zhijie Jerry Shi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT

ISBN: (纸本)9781424412570;1424412587

(ASIPs) are being increasingly used in mobile embedded systems, the ubiquitous networking connections have exposed these systems under various malicious security attacks, which may alter the program code running on the systems. In addition, soft errors in microprocessors can also change program code and result in system malfunction. At the instruction level, all code modifications are manifested as bit flips. In this work, we present a generalized methodology for monitoring code integrity at run-time in ASIPs, where both the instruction set architecture (ISA) and the underlying microarchitecture can be customized for a particular application domain. Based on the microoperation-based monitoring architecture that we have presented in previous work, we propose a compiler-assisted and application-controlled management approach for the monitoring architecture. Experimental results show that compared with the OS-managed scheme and other compiler-assisted schemes, our approach can detect program code integrity compromises with much less performance degradation.

关键词： program code instruction sets macroprocessor Runtime PROCESSOR degradation of performance bit flipping ASIP gene

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Automated symbolic calculations in nonequilibrium thermodynamics

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COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS 2010年第12期181卷 2149-2157页

作者： Kroeger, Martin Huetter, Markus ETH Dept Mat CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland

We cast the Jacobi identity for continuous fields into a local form which eliminates the need to perform any partial integration to the expense of performing variational derivatives. This allows us to test the Jacobi identity definitely and efficiently and to provide equations between different components defining a potential Poisson bracket. We provide a simple Mathematica(TM) notebook which allows to perform this task conveniently, and which offers some additional functionalities of use within the framework of nonequilibrium thermodynamics: reversible equations of change for fields, and the conservation of entropy during the reversible dynamics.

关键词： Jacobi identity Reversible dynamics Time-structure invariance Degeneracy conditions program code Poisson bracket

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