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Energy conservation attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors in science laboratories

ENERGY POLICY 2012年 50卷 581-591页

作者： Kaplowitz, Michael D. Thorp, Laurie Coleman, Kayla Yeboah, Felix Kwame Michigan State Univ Dept Community Agr Recreat & Resource Studies E Lansing MI 48824 USA Michigan State Univ Residential Initiat Study Environm E Lansing MI 48824 USA Publ Serv Adm City Of Ann Arbor MI USA

Energy use per square foot from science research labs is disproportionately higher than that of other rooms in buildings on campuses across the nation. This is partly due to labs' use of energy intensive equipment. However, laboratory management and personnel behavior may be significant contributing factors to energy consumption. Despite an apparent increasing need for energy conservation in science labs, a systematic investigation of avenues promoting energy conservation behavior in such labs appears absent in scholarly literature. This paper reports the findings of a recent study into the energy conservation knowledge, attitude and behavior of principle investigators, laboratory managers, and student lab workers at a tier 1 research university. The study investigates potential barriers as well as promising avenues to reducing energy consumption in science laboratories. The findings revealed: (1) an apparent lack of information about options for energy conservation in science labs, (2) existing operational barriers, (3) economic issues as barriers/motivators of energy conservation and (4) a widespread notion that cutting edge science may be compromised by energy conservation initiatives. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy conservation program implementation Incentives

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Distance education and the use of computers as instructional tools for systems development projects: A case study of the construction of expert systems

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COMPUTERS & EDUCATION 1997年第1期29卷 13-23页

作者： Wachter, RM Gupta, JND BALL STATE UNIV COLL BUSINESSDEPT MANAGEMENTMUNCIEIN 47306 USA

The nature of the nation's dynamic workforce and the demand for workers with knowledge-based and information systems skills require with increasing importance the delivery of education with a focus on these areas of activity. Those who seek post-secondary education often are unable to attend class seminars in the traditional campus-oriented learning environment. Advanced information technologies-interactive television for example-are becoming viable and popular extensions of the traditional classroom. The capabilities of these media differ, however, in their characteristics and in their ability to deliver instruction. Case data were collected in order to explore whether and how the computer-based systems construction, in the form of expert systems development by students, can be achieved successfully in a distance learning environment. The results of the study suggest that not only can successful systems development be achieved, but that the hands-on aspect of systems development contributes to increased student attention, learning, and sense of achievement. However, one must be cautious when implementing such projects in a distance environment. Issues which merit careful consideration prior to such an undertaking include the choice of software, direction in the use of the software, and means of instructional support for students who have questions or experience difficulties with the concepts and software. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

关键词： Academic Achievement Case Studies Computer Assisted Instruction Computer System Design Development Distance Education Expert Systems Higher Education Information Technology Instructional Effectiveness Nontraditional Education program implementation Student Motivation Systems Approach

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Teacher-led inquiry in technology-supported school communities

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2018年第6期49卷 1077-1095页

作者： Michos, Konstantinos Hernandez-Leo, Davinia Albo, Laia Univ Pompeu Fabra ICT Dept Barcelona Spain

Learning design is a research field which studies how to best support teachers as designers of Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL) situations. Although substantial work has been done in the articulation of the learning design process, little is known about how learning designs are experienced by students and teachers, especially in the context of schools. This paper empirically examines if a teacher inquiry model, as a tool for systematic research by teachers into their own practice, facilitates the connection between the design and data-informed reflection on TEL interventions in two school communities. High school teachers participated in a learning design professional development program supported by a web-based community platform integrating a teacher inquiry tool (TILE). A multiple case study was conducted aimed at understanding: (a) current teacher practice and (b) teacher involvement in inquiry cycles of design and classroom implementations with technologies. Multiple data sources were used over a one year period including focus groups transcripts, teacher interview protocols, digital artifacts, and questionnaires. Sharing teacher-led inquiries together with learning analytics was perceived as being useful for connecting pedagogical intentions with the evaluation of their enactment with learners, and this differed from their current practice. Teachers' reflections about their designs focused on the time management of learning activities and their familiarity with the enactment and analytics tools. Results inform how technology can support teacher-led inquiry and collective reflective practice in schools.

关键词： Instructional Design Technology Uses in Education Secondary School Teachers High Schools Faculty Development Inquiry Educational Practices Teacher Participation program implementation Time Management Learning Activities

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ChickScope: An interactive MRI classroom curriculum innovation for K-12

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COMPUTERS & EDUCATION 1997年第2-3期29卷 73-87页

作者： Bruce, BC Carragher, BO Damon, BM Dawson, MJ Eurell, JA Gregory, CD Lauterbur, PC Marjanovic, MM Mason-Fossum, B Morris, HD Potter, CD Thakker, U Univ Illinois Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat Urbana IL 61820 USA

Researchers from several departments of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign initiated ChickScope, a 21-day chick embryonic development project, to demonstrate the remote control of a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) instrument through the World Wide Web. For 21 days, students and teachers from ten kindergarten to high school classrooms participated in this innovative project using an interactive Web lab book. From classroom computers with access to the Internet, students were able to login to the computers at the university that controlled the MRI system, manipulate experimental conditions through a simple on-line form to generate their own data, and then view resulting images of the chick embryo in real-time. Researchers answered students' questions about their MR images and other related issues. ChickScope made extraordinary hardware, software, and human resources available to the classrooms. However, it left to teachers the tasks of integrating these resources into the classroom and adapting them to the needs and abilities of the students. Thus, the implementation was reacher-based, and its meaning was realized in different ways in each setting. This paper describes the planning, implementation, and the impact of ChickScope in classrooms for facilitating learning and teaching. We provide examples from various grade levels - primary to high school. We conclude with lessons learned and the implications of advanced technologies for K-12 outreach. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Class Activities Computer Assisted Instruction Elementary Secondary Education Embryology Futures (of Society) Hands on Science Learning Activities program implementation Teacher Role World Wide WebMagnetic Resonance Imaging Chickens Incubators Egg Incubation Remote Control Devices

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MIS implementation in schools: A systems socio-technical framework

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COMPUTERS & EDUCATION 1996年第2期27卷 85-93页

作者： Telem, M School of Education Tel-Aviv University Tel-Aviv 69978 Israel Fax: 972-3-6409477

The implementation of a school management information system (SMIS) constitutes a big challenge for schools. Relying on organization and systems theories, on MIS implementation and SMIS research, on findings from research in the area of educational administration pertaining to the school's special administrative characteristics, and on data accumulated during the pedagogical MIS (PMIS) project in Israel, this paper uses a socio-technical approach to develop an SMIS implementation framework, that suits the school's special characteristics. The framework's five components (managerial, structural, psychosocial, goals and values and technical) are presented and its potential as a tool for successful SMIS implementation and for SMIS-implementation research is discussed. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.

关键词： Computer Uses in Education Educational Objectives Elementary Secondary Education Foreign Countries Institutional Characteristics Management Information Systems program implementation Systems ApproachIsraelSchool Information Management Systems Psychosocial Factors Israel

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ComWeb: An electronic classroom for teaching computer literacy

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COMPUTERS & EDUCATION 1997年第4期29卷 181-187页

作者： Kress, M Gordonov, A Blank, A Moroh, M CUNY Coll Staten Isl Dept Comp Sci Staten Isl NY 10314 USA

We have developed an electronic classroom environment based on an analog/digital hybrid network, ComWeb. This environment supplements traditional methods of presentation by providing powerful communication tools between the students and the teacher directed from the instructor's workstation. The instructor can access every student's workstation at any time to monitor the student's work or to transmit information from any source. ComWeb has facilities for individual and group supervision. It can be adapted for teaching deaf or hard of hearing students in a mainstream environment. We describe the implementation of a ComWeb-based classroom at our site. The performance of students in conventional sections of a computer literacy course is compared with that in a section using ComWeb. For most of the material, performance of students in the ComWeb based section was markedly superior. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Comparative Analysis Computer Literacy Computer Mediated Communication Computer Networks Computer Science Education Deafness Educational Environment Hearing Impairments Instructional Effectiveness Performance Based Assessment program implementation Teaching Methods

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ELVYN: The delivery of an electronic version of a journal from the publisher to libraries

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE 1996年第9期47卷 690-700页

作者： Rowland, F McKnight, C Meadows, J Such, P LOUGHBOROUGH UNIV TECHNOL DEPT LIB & INFORMAT STUDIESLOUGHBOROUGH LE11 3TULEICSENGLAND

The ELVYN project was a joint activity of the Standing Conference of National and University Libraries (SCONUL), Institute of Physics Publishing (IoPP), and Loughborough University of Technology, It investigated the scenario of dual publishing (electronic and print) of journals in the physical sciences by delivery of the electronic file from the publisher to academic libraries, each of which mounts the file at its own site, The journal chosen for the project is Modelling and Simulation in Materials Science and Engineering (MSMSE), published by IoPP. The stages of the project were as follows: Investigation of the requirements of materials scientists and libraries at each of seven sites, chosen for their expected level of interest in the subject of the journal. Design and implementation of a system for provision of the full file (text and graphics) of MSMSE at each of the sites. Recruitment of users and collection of usage and costs data at each of the sites. The publishers' intention was not to dictate to sites what form of the database they should have, but to seek to meet the different requirements of each site. Thus, several quite different implementations have been developed, The first stage was complete by the spring of 1993 and the second by the spring of 1994, Data collection for the third phase took place during the summer of 1994, This article is the first presentation of the full results of the third phase, and also includes the conclusions of the project as a whole.

关键词： Academic Libraries Costs Document Delivery Electronic Journals Electronic Mail Electronic Publishing Foreign Countries Higher Education Physical Sciences Printed Materials program implementation Scholarly Journals Use Studies World Wide WebUnited KingdomUnited Kingdom Technology Utilization

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Supply chain management program first- and second-order effects model: a new strategic tool

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY 2007年第1-2期34卷 201-210页

作者： Ibrahim, R. Kennedy, D. Monash Univ Fac Engn Clayton Vic 3168 Australia

Utilisation of supply chain management (SCM) strategies have an implicit objective of gaining an advantage over one's business arena partners, whether they be competition or supply chain partners;an SCM-derived competitive advantage. A literature review accentuated four bases of strategic competition (cost-based, resource-based, time-based and knowledge-based), upon which, such an SCM-derived competitive advantage might be built. A Monash University qualitative research study found that the majority of small- to medium-sized firms have found this to be a risky and unprofitable endeavour. In response, this paper explores the four bases of strategic competition through an exemplary success case found within the Australian textiles, clothing and footwear (TCF) industry. The research raised a proposition stated as "effective supply chain management increases shareholder value (SHV)." An effective SCM program influences key success drivers (e.g. expenses, asset utilisation and process cycle time) available to it in a manner that maximises the firm's competitive position, given its chosen strategy. This paper presents a first- to second-order SCM effects matrix model as a small step towards the mainstream achievement of current world-wide best SCM practice. The matrix can be utilised by individuals planning supply chain change processes or teams evaluating potential change initiatives within their supply chain operations. The substructure of the matrix is examination by isolating just the time-based strategic key success drivers, as found in the literature. The matrix's utilisation methodology is detailed to enable its application by practitioners.

关键词： supply chain management competitive strategy program implementation

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The exact-display approach for online catalog subject searching

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INFORMATION PROCESSING & MANAGEMENT 1996年第6期32卷 719-745页

作者： Drabenstott, KM Weller, MS UNIV MICHIGAN MED CTR INFORMAT TECHNOL ANN ARBOR MI 48109 USA

When public catalog users enter queries that exactly match the catalog's controlled vocabulary, online systems should respond with browsing lists of alphabetically arranged subject headings, because such displays guide users to retrievals based on the assignment of the matched subject headings to bibliographic records. Unfortunately, studies of online catalog searching demonstrate that alphabetical displays are no longer capable of managing large numbers of subdivided forms of subject headings, because searchers exhibit low levels of perseverance when faced with large numbers of retrievals. This paper introduces a new approach to displaying retrieved subject headings in subject searching-the exact-display approach-designed to encourage users to browse bibliographic information. The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of the exact-display approach by showing how many user queries would be candidates for this approach, demonstrate an implementation of the exact-display approach in an experimental online catalog, and feature end-user experiences with this approach as implemented in the experimental catalog. End-user experiences gave the authors the opportunity to make several recommendations for enhancing the original design of the exact-display approach so that future implementations of this approach in operational online catalogs are responsive to the needs of online catalog users. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd

关键词： Academic Libraries Bibliographic Records Display Systems Higher Education Library Catalogs Online Catalogs Online Searching program implementation Search Strategies Subject Index Terms Tables (Data) Users (Information)Query Formulations Browsing

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Identifying unique barriers to implementing rural emergency department-based peer services for opioid use disorder through qualitative comparison with urban sites

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ADDICTION SCIENCE & CLINICAL PRACTICE 2022年第1期17卷 1页

作者： Watson, Dennis P. Staton, Monte D. Gastala, Nicole Chestnut Hlth Syst 221 W Walton St Chicago IL 60610 USA Univ Illinois Coll Med Dept Med Ctr Disseminat & Implementat Sci Chicago IL 60607 USA Univ Illinois Coll Med Mile Sq Hlth Ctr Dept Family Med Chicago IL USA

Background In an effort to address the current opioid epidemic, a number of hospitals across the United States have implemented emergency department-based interventions for engaging patients presenting with opioid use disorder. The current study seeks to address gaps in knowledge regarding implementation of a sub-type of such interventions, emergency department-based peer support services, in rural areas by comparing implementation of rural and urban programs that participated in Indiana's Recovery Coach and Peer Support Initiative (RCPSI). Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of qualitative semi-structured implementation interviews collected as part of an evaluation of 10 programs (4 rural and 6 urban) participating in the RCPSI. We conducted interviews with representatives from each program at 3 time points over the course of the first year of implementation. Our deductive coding process was guided by the Consolidated Framework for implementation Research (CFIR) and an external context taxonomy. Results: We identified key differences for rural programs corresponding to each of the 5 primary constructs in the coding scheme. (1) Intervention characteristics: rural sites questioned intervention fit with their context, required more adaptations, and encountered unexpected costs. (2) External context: rural sites were not appropriately staffed to meet patient needs, encountered logistical and legal barriers regarding patient privacy, and had limited patient transportation options. (3) Inner setting: rural sites lacked strong mechanisms for internal communication and difficulties integrating with pre-existing culture and climate. (4) Characteristics of individuals: some rural providers resisted working with peers due to pre-existing attitudes and beliefs. (5) implementation process: rural sites spent more time identifying external partners and abandoned more components of their initial implementation plans. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate how rural programs face

关键词： Peer services Overdose Substance use disorder Behavioral health services program implementation implementation context

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