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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Ikarashi, Yuka Ragan-Kelley, Jonathan Fukusato, Tsukasa Kato, Jun Igarashi, Takeo MIT CSAIL Cambridge MA 02139 USA Univ Tokyo Tokyo Japan AIST Warrendale PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665445924

Writing high-performance image processing code is challenging and labor-intensive. To address this, we propose a programming support method called "guided optimization." Guided optimization provides programmers a set of valid optimization options and interactive feedback about their current choices, which enables them to comprehend and efficiently optimize image processing code without the time-consuming trial-and-error process of traditional text editors. We implemented a proof-of-concept system, Roly-poly, which integrates guided optimization, program visualization, and schedule cost estimation to support the comprehension and development of efficient image processing code. We conducted a user study with novice Halide programmers and confirmed that Roly-poly and its guided optimization was informative, increased productivity, and resulted in higher-performing schedules in less time.

关键词： Guided optimization interactive scheduling Halide programming environment program visualization

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An evaluation of SeeC: a tool designed to assist novice C programmers with program understanding and debugging

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COMPUTER SCIENCE EDUCATION 2021年第3期31卷 340-373页

作者： Heinsen Egan, Matthew McDonald, Chris Univ Western Australia Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn Perth WA Australia

Background and Context Students learning the C programming language struggle to debug, and to understand the runtime behaviour of, their programs. Objective We examine a tool that combines several novice-focused error detection, program visualization, and debugging techniques, to investigate which features students use in real study sessions, which features they consider effective, and whether or not the tool can effectively assist students with debugging tasks. Method This study employed a mixed-methods approach. First, we record participants' interactions with the tool during their regular coursework by instrumenting the tool itself. Second, we collected interaction recordings and screen capture recordings of students using the tool to perform set debugging tasks. Finally we surveyed students who participated in the second part of the study, to investigate their perceptions of the tool. Findings Students used the tool's runtime error detection and execution trace reviewing features to find and investigate bugs during their coursework. In set debugging tasks, even students with no previous experience of the tool were able to use it effectively with little to no assistance. Students were positive about the tool, but suggested a number of user interface improvements. Implications Novice-focused program visualization and debugging tools for the C programming language can assist students with complicated debugging tasks encountered during their regular coursework. Simple, user-friendly interfaces are important in such tools, and may motivate their use (in preference to debugging tools designed for developers).

关键词： Novice programmers debuggers program visualization

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A Control Flow Diagram Generation Algorithm Based on Clang Static Analyzer 12

A Control Flow Diagram Generation Algorithm Based on Clang S...

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12th International Conference on Graphics and Image Processing (ICGIP)

作者： Wang, Zhoukai Zhang, Jiong Ma, Weigang Wang, Huaijun Xian Univ Technol Coll Comp Sci & Engn Shaanxi Prov Key Lab Network Comp & Secur Technol Xian Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510642782;9781510642775

The traditional control flow diagram (CFG) only displays the overall framework of the program, but ignores its detailed control information and the complex inner structure. programmers can hardly comprehend the whole program through traditional CFG. Therefore, an algorithm is proposed to generate a new kind of CFG with abundant details and inner structure. After parsing the compilation results of Clang static analyzer, the algorithm firstly extracts the key control information of a program, and then uses the control information to build up the basic display units. Secondly, the algorithm orders and packs these basic display units to form an intermediate XML file. Finally, the Jgraphx graphics library is introduced to parse the intermediate XML file and render the new CFG. Experiment shows that when comparing with the conventional CFG, the new CFG that drawn by the proposed algorithm can demonstrate more details, states, and data flows. The CFG drawn by the proposed algorithm can also offer strong support for complex software maintenance and testing.

关键词： Control flow diagram program visualization Clang static analyzer Jgraphx

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C Tutor usage in relation to student achievement and progress: A study of introductory programming courses in Portugal and Serbia

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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION 2020年第5期28卷 1058-1071页

作者： Alves, Luis Gajic, Dusan Rangel Henriques, Pedro Ivancevic, Vladimir Ivkovic, Vladimir Lalic, Maksim Lukovic, Ivan Varanda Pereira, Maria Joao Popov, Srdan Correia Tavares, Paula Inst Politecn Braganca Escola Super Tecnol & Gestao Dept Informat & Comunicacoes Braganca Portugal Univ Novi Sad Fac Tech Sci Dept Comp & Control Engn Trg Dositeja Obradov 6 Novi Sad 21000 Serbia Univ Minho Escola Engn Dept Informat Braga Portugal Inst Politecn Braganca Escola Super Tecnol & Gestao Ctr Invest Digitalizacao & Robot Inteligente CeDR Braganca Portugal Inst Politecn Porto Inst Super Engn Porto Dept Engn Informat Porto Portugal

Previous research studies on introductory programming courses in engineering education in Portugal and Serbia have indicated that although high motivation and high expectations seem to be reported by students, many students may fail the course. This prompted a further inquiry into student attitudes, behavior, and achievement, and it also led to the introduction of C Tutor, a widely known program visualization tool, into courses in both countries. As a result, in the present study, self-reported student achievement (grades), self-reported student progress (knowledge improvement and confidence), and self-reported usage and helpfulness of C Tutor were investigated. Anonymous data about students and their experience in the course, which also included the usage of C Tutor, were collected in a survey in Portugal and Serbia. Quantitative methods, including descriptive statistics, clustering, statistical testing of independence, and partial correlation analysis, were applied in analyses of survey data. The distribution of grades differed between the two countries, but overall attitudes were similar. Various uncovered patterns involving student attitudes and usage of C Tutor may serve as a starting point for new research studies.

关键词： C Tutor introductory programming program visualization student confidence student knowledge

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A Review of Generic program visualization Systems for Introductory programming Education

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTING EDUCATION 2013年第4期13卷 15-15页

作者： Sorva, Juha Karavirta, Ville Malmi, Lauri Aalto Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn FI-00076 Aalto Finland

This article is a survey of program visualization systems intended for teaching beginners about the runtime behavior of computer programs. Our focus is on generic systems that are capable of illustrating many kinds of programs and behaviors. We inclusively describe such systems from the last three decades and review findings from their empirical evaluations. A comparable review on the topic does not previously exist;ours is intended to serve as a reference for the creators, evaluators, and users of educational program visualization systems. Moreover, we revisit the issue of learner engagement which has been identified as a potentially key factor in the success of educational software visualization and summarize what little is known about engagement in the context of the generic program visualization systems for beginners that we have reviewed;a proposed refinement of the frameworks previously used by computing education researchers to rank types of learner engagement is a side product of this effort. Overall, our review illustrates that program visualization systems for beginners are often short-lived research prototypes that support the user-controlled viewing of program animations;a recent trend is to support more engaging modes of user interaction. The results of evaluations largely support the use of program visualization in introductory programming education, but research to date is insufficient for drawing more nuanced conclusions with respect to learner engagement. On the basis of our review, we identify interesting questions to answer for future research in relation to themes such as engagement, the authenticity of learning tasks, cognitive load, and the integration of program visualization into introductory programming pedagogy.

关键词： Human Factors Introductory programming education CS1 software visualization program visualization program dynamics notional machine engagement taxonomy literature review

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Investigating the Effect of program visualization on Introductory programming in a Distance Learning Environment

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Journal of the Southern African Association for Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education 2013年第1-2期17卷 139-151页

program visualization (PV) is one of the approaches to assist novices in introductory programming courses. We investigated the effect of a newly developed PV tool to teach tracing to first-year programming students at a South-African university. The tool takes the form of an interactive computer-based tutorial that teaches students how to draw variable diagrams (VD). All students registered for the introductory C++ module, received the tutorial with their study material and could use it to help answer assignment questions. To determine the effect of using the tutorial, students did an assignment for which they could use the tutorial and completed a questionnaire. Through the questionnaire we acquired biographical data, found out how students used the tutorial and also how they experienced using it. We then correlated these data statistically with their assignment marks. We found that time spent using the tutorial, programming experience and certain biographical properties contributed to higher marks. Drawing their own VDs to understand and debug programs also contributed to better marks.

关键词： interactive tutorial teaching programming program visualization distance teaching/learning

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Online python tutor: embeddable web-based program visualization for cs education 13

Online python tutor: embeddable web-based program visualizat...

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Proceeding of the 44th ACM technical symposium on Computer science education

作者： Philip J. Guo Google Inc. Mountain View CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450318686

This paper presents Online Python Tutor, a web-based program visualization tool for Python, which is becoming a popular language for teaching introductory CS courses. Using this tool, teachers and students can write Python programs directly in the web browser (without installing any plugins), step forwards and backwards through execution to view the run-time state of data structures, and share their program visualizations on the web. In the past three years, over 200,000 people have used Online Python Tutor to visualize their programs. In addition, instructors in a dozen universities such as UC Berkeley, MIT, the University of Washington, and the University of Waterloo have used it in their CS1 courses. Finally, Online Python Tutor visualizations have been embedded within three web-based digital Python textbook projects, which collectively attract around 16,000 viewers per month and are being used in at least 25 universities. Online Python Tutor is free and open source software, available at ***.

关键词： program visualization CS1 python

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Projection Boxes: On-the-fly Reconfigurable visualization for Live programming 20

Projection Boxes: On-the-fly Reconfigurable Visualization fo...

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CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Lerner, Sorin Univ Calif San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450367080

Live programming is a regime in which the programming environment provides continual feedback, most often in the form of runtime values. In this paper, we present Projection Boxes, a novel visualization technique for displaying runtime values of programs. The key idea behind projection boxes is to start with a full semantics of the program, and then use projections to pick a subset of the semantics to display. By varying the projection used, projection boxes can encode both previously known visualization techniques, and also new ones. As such, projection boxes provide an expressive and configurable framework for displaying runtime information. Through a user study we demonstrate that (1) users find projection boxes and their configurability useful (2) users are not distracted by the always-on visualization (3) a key driving force behind the need for a configurable visualization for live programming lies with the wide variation in programmer preferences.

关键词： Live programming programming environment program visualization Debugging

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PARVIS: A visual tool for exploring parser execution traces 20

PARVIS: A visual tool for exploring parser execution traces

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Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI)

作者： Costagliola, Gennaro De Rosa, Mattia Fuccella, Vittorio Minas, Mark Univ Salerno Dept Informat Fisciano SA Italy Univ Bundeswehr Munchen Comp Sci Dept Neubiberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450375351

In this paper, we present PARVIS, an interactive visual system for the animated visualization of logged parser trace executions. The system allows a parser implementer to create a visualizer for generated parsers by simply defining a JavaScript module that maps each logged parser instruction into a set of events driving the visual system interface. The result is a set of interacting graphical/text windows that allows users to explore logged parser executions and helps them to have a complete understanding of how the parser behaves during its execution on a given input. We used our system to visualize the behavior of textual as well as visual parsers and describe here its use with the well known CUP parser generator. Preliminary tests with users have provided good feedback on its use.

关键词： parser visualization visual parsing graph parsing visualization program visualization human-computer interaction

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ReAD: Representational Algorithmic Design 20

ReAD: Representational Algorithmic Design

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4th International Conference on the Art Science and Engineering of programming

作者： Castelo-Branco, Renata Univ Lisbon Inst Super Tecn INESC ID Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781450375078

Algorithmic Design (AD) is a novel approach to architectural design based on the creation of form through algorithms. The inherent flexibility of AD encourages the exploration of a wider design space, the automation of design tasks, and design optimization, considerably reducing project costs. Nevertheless, current AD uses representation methods that radically differ from those used in architectural practice. This creates a barrier to the adoption of AD, thus, limiting the potential benefits. We propose to address this problem by coupling AD with complementary representation methods that are adequate for designing complex architectural projects and by supporting their synchronization in a dedicated design tool.

关键词： Algorithmic Design programming Paradigms program visualization Interaction Mechanisms

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