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programmable analogue circuits with multilevel memristive device

ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2012年第22期48卷 1415-1416页

作者： Park, S. Park, J. Kim, S. Lee, W. Lee, B. H. Hwang, H. Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol Kwangju 500712 South Korea Pohang Univ Sci & Technol Pohang 790784 South Korea

It is demonstrated that a nanoscale multilevel memristive device using titanium oxide can be used to form programmable analogue circuits without an active transistor. A multilevel memristive device enables a high a degree of programmability particularly for analogue applications since it will not introduce any significant parasitic components. Also, the ring oscillator application with the memristive device is merely a demonstrative example of the enabled high programmability.

关键词： programmable controllers programmable circuits ELECTRONIC controllers TRANSISTORS NANOSTRUCTURED materials

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Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 2-201 : particular requirements for control equipment

Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement...

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标准类型：法国标准

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Partitioned Environment for programmable Controller in Safety Applications

Partitioned Environment for Programmable Controller in Safet...

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17th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Karmakar, G. Kabra, A. Patil, R. K. Ramamritham, Krithi Bhabha Atom Res Ctr Reactor Control Div Mumbai 400085 Maharashtra India Indian Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Bombay Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781467347372;9781467347358

Use of programmable controllers (PLC) in safety-critical applications is gaining importance as a pre-qualified development platform to reduce Verification and Validation (V&V) effort. It has been observed, in practice, that most of the safety-critical functions are fairly simple and is achieved by only a small fraction of a large safety-critical software. This motivates the development of a partitioned operating environment for PLC, so that less critical components of the large safety-critical software can be partitioned from those, which are actually performing safety-critical functions. It will facilitate less rigorous V&V for less critical modules to get necessary approval for safety-critical system from regulatory authorities. This work addresses some issues in a Partitioned-PLC development towards improved schedulability bound, yet offering simplicity in implementation

关键词： programmable controllers safety-critical software

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An ISA88 Phase in IEC 61131-3 code based on the concepts of a Normalized Flow Element

An ISA88 Phase in IEC 61131-3 code based on the concepts of ...

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17th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： van der Linden, Dirk Kastner, Wolfgang Mannaert, Herwig Artesis Univ Coll Antwerp Electromech Res Grp Antwerp Belgium Univ Antwerp Antwerp Belgium Vienna Univ Technol Automat Syst Grp Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781467347372;9781467347358

Evolvability is one of the most desirable non-functional requirements of software architectures. In the area of automation control, the permanent shift of the requirements and the prevention of side-effects are key points. In addition, adaptability and flexibility in manufacturing systems continue to gain importance. This paper proposes an approach to achieve evolvability in IEC 61131-3 based software modules, from a structural point of view, i.e., starting from an individual line of code. We based our design of an evolvable ISA88 Equipment Phase on the Normalized Systems theory recently introduced. It seems indeed possible to develop evolvable IEC 61131-3 based modules with the existing, commercially available development environments. However, our guidelines require a disciplined programming style in extending software, based on a limited set of anticipated changes.

关键词： IEC standards flexible manufacturing systems production engineering computing production equipment programmable controllers software architecture

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Approach to a Simulation-Based Verification Environment for Material Handling Systems

Approach to a Simulation-Based Verification Environment for ...

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17th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Seidel, Stephan Donath, Ulrich Haufe, Juergen Fraunhofer Inst Integrated Circuits Design Automat Div D-01069 Dresden Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467347372

Modern material handling systems (MHS) are complex systems which are controlled by various control units on different automation levels. The design of the MHS facility layout and the development of the control units require many different CAE tools but simulation and virtual commissioning does currently not play a significant role. This paper presents an approach towards an integrated simulation-based verification and virtual commissioning environment for all phases of an MHS project. During the first phase a material flow simulation of the plant model is conducted to analyse and confirm the planned performance indicators. The model is reused for testing and verification of the control units such as material flow controller or programmable logic controllers. An automatic equivalence inspector identifies differences between simulation results.

关键词： computer aided engineering digital simulation facilities layout materials handling production engineering computing programmable controllers

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An Approach to Identification Procedures for PID Control with PLC Implementation

An Approach to Identification Procedures for PID Control wit...

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17th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Kocian, Jiri Koziorek, Jiri Ozana, Stepan Tech Univ Ostrava Dept Measurement & Control CZ-70833 Ostrava Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9781467347372;9781467347358

Control engineers usually face in industry to the large amount of complex processes. They need tools for assessing correct performance of control loops. This paper deals with the approach to identification procedures in control performance monitoring for PID control with PLC implementation. There are a lot of tools for performance monitoring on higher level of DCS. These tools are mainly implemented on PC's. In this paper we present implementation of identification procedures and control performance monitoring functions in programmable logic controllers (PLC).

关键词： distributed control identification process control process monitoring programmable controllers three-term control

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Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 4-22 : data-link layer protocol specification - Type 22 elements

Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications ...

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标准类型：法国标准

标准号: NF C46-604-4-22-2013

La couche de liaison de données assure les communications de messagerie de base, critiques du point de vue temporel, entre les dispositifs d'un environnement d'*** protocole offre à toutes les entités de liaison de données participantes : des opportunités de communication cyclique à démarrage synchrone, selon un ordre préétabli, et de manière synchrone cyclique ou acyclique, tel que requis par chacune de ces entités de liaison de donné***, ce protocole peut être caractérisé comme un protocole qui offre un accès cyclique et acyclique asynchrone, mais avec un redémarrage synchrone de chaque cycle.

关键词： Automation technology Bus systems Buses (data processing) Circuit networks Communication Control equipment Control systems Control technology Data communication Data interface Data link layers Data link system Data processing Data services Data transfer Definitions Digital Digital data Digital engineering Digital signals EDP Electrical engineering Electronic instruments Electronic systems Field bus Guidance systems Industrial Industrial facilities Information interchange Information processing Information technology Interfaces Interfaces (data processing) Link layers Open systems interconnection OSI Physical layers Process control Process control engineering Process control systems programmable controllers Protocol specification Protocols Serial Signals Specification Specification (approval) Transmission media Transmission protocol

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Integration of existing IEC 61131-3 systems in an IEC 61499 distributed solution

Integration of existing IEC 61131-3 systems in an IEC 61499 ...

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17th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Campanelli, Stefano Foglia, Pierfrancesco Prete, Cosimo Antonio Univ Pisa Dipartimento Ingn Informaz I-56126 Pisa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781467347372;9781467347358

The IEC 61499 standard allows to model and design new generation control systems, providing innovative concepts of software engineering (such as abstraction, encapsulation, reuse) to the world of control engineering. The industrial reception of the standard, however, is still in an early stage, also because its introduction results in the adoption of a programming paradigm profoundly different than the widespread IEC 61131-3. This paper presents a method for the integration of the two standards, that allows to exploit the benefits of both. The proposed architecture is based on the parallel execution of both environments that interact with each other through some specific interfaces. A test implementation of the architecture is also presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution.

关键词： IEC standards application program interfaces control system synthesis distributed control industrial control manufacturing systems parallel programming peripheral interfaces production engineering computing programmable controllers software engineering

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Investigation of chained analog signal processors in programmable Analog Computer

Investigation of chained analog signal processors in Program...

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11th IFAC/IEEE International Conference on programmable Devices and Embedded Systems (PDeS)

作者： Pilat, Adam Krzysztof Klocek, Jakub AGH Univ Sci & Technol Dept Automat Al A Mickiewicza 30 PL-30059 Krakow Poland OPTISTER Krakow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823144

This elaboration presents a new device based on dynamically programmable Analog Signal Processors (dpASP) developed for hard real-time control applications. The developed programmable Analog Computer/Controller (PAC) is an open hardware for a wide range of signal processing tasks. In this report the analog signal routing and filter based signal processing realized by the dpASP is presented. This research was focused on the signals form as they are processed and transferred between analog processors. The investigation is exampled by the low-pass filter(s) embedded into every analog processor. For complex signal processing tasks a few dpASP must be routed together. The dpASP chain is created for signal diagnosis and due to the limited resources of a single device. Final conclusions related to chaining analog processors are given.

关键词： programmable controllers analog computers sampled signals concurrent architectures real-time computers low pass filters high-order controller FPAA Field programmable Analog Array dpASP dynamically programmable Analog Signal Processor

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A Structured Text to MISRA-C Translator and Issues with IEC 61131-3 Standard

A Structured Text to MISRA-C Translator and Issues with IEC ...

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17th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Kabra, Ashutosh Karmakar, Gopinath Patil, R. K. Bhabha Atom Res Ctr Reactor Control Div Mumbai 400085 Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781467347372

programmable controllers (PLC) are being increasingly used in control systems for Nuclear Power Plants. A PLC, qualified for safety applications, is attractive because it saves a lot of time in verification and validation effort as compared to development of embedded control systems. We developed a tool, ST to MISRA-C translator, required for developing application program using Structured Text (ST) in a qualified PLC. The syntax and semantics of ST programming language is defined in the IEC 61131-3 standard. During the development of the translator, we found some issues with ST language syntax and semantics not pointed out by other researchers. These issues are discussed in this paper along with proposed changes in the ST language grammar for its unambiguous parsing.

关键词： application program interfaces fission reactor safety grammars nuclear power stations program compilers program interpreters programmable controllers programming language semantics structured programming

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