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International Conference on Cyber Conflict (CyCon U.S.)

作者： Elsa B. Kania Long Term Strategy Group Washington D.C.

ISBN: (纸本)9781509061723

The advent of the cyber domain has introduced a new dimension into warfare and complicated existing strategic concepts, provoking divergent responses within different national contexts and strategic cultures. Although current theories regarding cyber deterrence remain relatively nascent, a comparison of U.S. and Chinese strategic thinking highlights notable asymmetries between their respective approaches. While U.S. debates on cyber deterrence have primarily focused on the deterrence of cyber threats, Chinese theorists have also emphasized the potential importance of cyber capabilities to enhance strategic deterrence. Whereas the U.S. government has maintained a consistent declaratory policy for response, Beijing has yet to progress toward transparency regarding its cyber strategy or capabilities. However, certain PLA strategists, informed by a conceptualization of deterrence as integrated with warfighting, have advocated for the actualization of deterrence through engaging in cyber attacks. Regardless of whether these major cyber powers' evolving strategic thinking on cyber deterrence will prove logically consistent or feasibly operational, their respective perspectives will certainly shape their attempts to achieve cyber deterrence. Ultimately, cyber deterrence may continue to be "what states make of it," given conditions of "cyber anarchy" and prevailing uncertainties regarding cyber conflict. Looking forward, future strategic stability in Sino-U.S. cyber interactions will require mitigation of the misperceptions and heightened risks of escalation that could be exacerbated by these divergent strategic approaches.

关键词： programmable logic arrays Cyberspace Resilience Context US Department of Defense Instruments Economics

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Stimulation by Pearl of Mineralization and Biocompatibility of PLA

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ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2015年第11期17卷 1691-1697页

作者： Dai, Jiamu Bai, Jingjing Jin, Junhong Yang, Shenglin Li, Guang Donghua Univ State Key Lab Modificat Chem Fibers & Polymer Mat Shanghai 201620 Peoples R China

Biodegradable materials used for bone repair have recently gained greater attention. The improvement of the mineralization rate and the biocompatibility of are critical. In this study, natural pearl powder is added to polylactic acid (PLA) to accelerate both two properties of PLA. The results show that the amount of hydroxyapatite (HA) deposition on PLA/pearl composite increased with pearl content increasing up to 15wt%, especially at the beginning of mineralization. The HA is a poorly crystallized calcium-deficient type as indicated by FTIR, EDS, and XRD. Osteoblasts are used to evaluate cellular proliferation. An MTT assay reveals that composites are non-toxic and show better proliferation than pristine PLA. It is concluded that PLA/pearl could be more appropriate for bone repairs than PLA.

关键词： pearls bone fusions biodegradable materials Composites programmable logic arrays Stimuli Mineralization PEARL ESSENCE Stimulation mineralization rate biomaterial compatibility poly(lactic acid)

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Supporting Model-Based Privacy Analysis by Exploiting Privacy Level Agreements

Supporting Model-Based Privacy Analysis by Exploiting Privac...

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IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom)

作者： Amir Shayan Ahmadian Jan Jürjens Institute for Software Technology University of Koblenz-Landau Germany Universitat Koblenz-Landau Koblenz Rheinland-Pfalz DE

ISBN: (纸本)9781509014460

Security and privacy are increasing concerns for both IT service customers and providers. According to cloud security alliance (CSA), privacy level agreements (PLAs) are intended to be used as appendixes to service level agreements and are likely to become as an industry standardized way for cloud service providers to describe the level of privacy and data protection. In this paper, we introduce an approach to verify whether the system design of a service provider supports the service customer's privacy and security preferences, by exploiting PLAs. In the first step, we formalize the PLAs. To this end, a metamodel for the PLAs is provided. This metamodel is based on the PLA outline provided by CSA, which is originally based on Directive 95/46/EC. In our research, we first investigate if an adaptation of the PLA outline with respect to the Regulation 2016/679 (repealing of Directive 95/46/EC) on the protection of natural persons with respect to the processing of personal data, is required. Afterwards, we describe how the PLAs are used to support model-based privacy and security analyses. Moreover, we explain how the analyses results can be used to refine PLAs. Our approach is supported by the CARiSMA tool. To evaluate the approach, we applied it to a real industry case study.

关键词： programmable logic arrays Security Privacy Unified modeling language Analytical models Data protection

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Mechanical Properties, Morphologies and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Poly(lactic acid) Toughened by Waste Rubber Powder

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INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING 2015年第4期30卷 467-475页

作者： Yang, J. -N. Nie, S. -B. Ding, G. -X. Wang, Z. -F. Gao, J. -S. Zhu, J. -B. Anhui Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Huainan 232001 Peoples R China Anhui Univ Sci & Technol Sch Min & Safety Engn Huainan 232001 Peoples R China

To improve the impact resistance and reduce the product cost, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends containing varying mass fraction of waste rubber powder (WRP) were fabricated via melt compounding. The effects of WRP contents on the mechanical properties, morphologies and thermal stabilities of PLA/WRP blends were investigated. Mechanical tests showed that WRP could increase the ductilities of PLA, leading to the significant improvements in the impact toughness and elongation at break. In contrast, the tensile strength was just heightened slightly, while elastic modulus declined gradually. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that well bonded interfacial morphologies were formed between PLA and WRP. From the results of thermo gravimetric analysis, WRP decreased the onset and peak decomposition temperatures of PLA phase and increased the char contents of samples significantly. Average activation energies of samples were increased first and then decreased with increasing WRP. Finally, theoretical lifetimes of PLA/WRP blends were also estimated.

关键词： poly(lactic acid) Thermal decomposition kinetics SRGAP3 gene impact resistance Mechanical properties Elongation at break programmable logic arrays Decomposition kinetics rubber waste Mechanical testing IMPACT TOUGHNESS

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Enhanced Film Blowing of Polylactide by Incorporating Branched Chains and Stereocomplex Crystals

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INTERNATIONAL POLYMER PROCESSING 2015年第4期30卷 500-510页

作者： Nouri, S. Lafleur, P. G. Dubois, C. Ecole Polytech Dept Chem Engn CREPEC Montreal PQ H3C 3A7 Canada

Chain architecture is an influential parameter in melt processing of polymeric material. In this study effect of different chain structures on polylactide (PLA) film blowing process and on the final film properties was investigated. Blends of linear PLA with three branched poly(L-lactide)s with 4-arms star shaped, comb like and hyper branched structures were prepared by twin screw extruder. In another series of blending, poly(D-lactide) of these branched structures were used to obtain stereocomplex crystal. Operating window of blends were determined in a series of film blowing process experiments with different blow up and take up ratio and results were compared to linear PLA as a reference. Moreover, different characterization techniques were applied to determine the properties of produced films. It was found that addition of branched architecture and presence of stereocomplex in a linear PLA matrix result in a greater operating window for film blowing and improve mechanical and crystallization properties of blown films.

关键词： MELT PROCESSING series (mathematics) programmable logic arrays FILM PROPERTY Blends Polylactides Plastics-Blow molding branches polymeric materials

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Temporal evolution of the two-shock implosion on the National Ignition Facility

Temporal evolution of the two-shock implosion on the Nationa...

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IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)

作者： T. Ma S. MacLaren J. Salmonson S. Khan J. Pino J. Ralph R. Rygg J. Field R. Tommasini D. Turnbull A. Mackinnon K. Baker L. R. Benedetti P. Celliers E. Dewald T. Dittrich L. Berzak Hopkins N. Izumi P. Kervin S. Nagel A. Pak R. Tipton G. Kyrala J. Kline Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA US Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM US

ISBN: (纸本)9781467396028

Summary form only given. The HED 2-Shock implosion campaign was developed on the National Ignition Facility as a relatively robust and well-beha ved nearly one-dimensional, low convergence, symmetric platform by employing a very high foot temperature and a large case-to-capsule (hohlraum-to-capsule) ratio. The results of these experiments investigating capsule implosion phenomena such as interface hydrodynamic mixing, convergence effects, and shape effects are being used for the validation of hydro-c odes and to develop a systematic understanding of performance degradation mechanisms. A sequence of experiments was initially completed to tune the 2-Shock implosion round, with little shape swing from in-flight to stagnation. Then, hohlraum size and hohlraum gas fill were systematically changed to study the effect on shape and symmetry evolution. Details and results of these experiments are described.

关键词： Shape Ignition Convergence Robustness programmable logic arrays Hydrodynamics Systematics

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Design and Performance of the ARIANNA HRA-3 Neutrino Detector Systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE 2015年第5期62卷 2202-2215页

作者： Barwick, S. W. Berg, E. C. Besson, D. Z. Duffin, T. Hanson, J. C. Klein, S. R. Kleinfelder, S. A. Ratzlaff, K. Reed, C. Roumi, M. Stezelberger, T. Tatar, J. Walker, J. Young, R. Zou, L. Univ Calif Irvine Dept Phys & Astron Irvine CA 92697 USA Univ Calif Irvine Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Irvine CA 92697 USA Univ Kansas Dept Phys & Astron Lawrence KS 66045 USA Moscow Engn Phys Inst Moscow 115409 Russia Univ Calif Berkeley Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab Berkeley CA 94720 USA Univ Kansas Instrumentat Design Lab Lawrence KS 66045 USA

We report on the development, installation, and operation of the first three of seven stations deployed at the ARIANNA site's pilot Hexagonal Radio Array (HRA) in Antarctica. The primary goal of the ARIANNA project is to observe ultrahigh energy (> 100 PeV) cosmogenic neutrino signatures using a large array of autonomous stations, each 1 km apart on the surface of the Ross Ice Shelf. Sensing radio emissions of 100 MHz to 1 GHz, each station in the array contains RF antennas, amplifiers, 1.92 G-sample/s, 850 MHz bandwidth signal acquisition circuitry, pattern-matching trigger capabilities, an embedded CPU, 32 GB of solid-state data storage, and long-distance wireless and satellite communications. Power is provided by the sun and buffered in LiFePO4 storage batteries, and each station consumes an average of 7 W of power. Operation on solar power has resulted in >= 58% per calendar-year live-time. The station's pattern-trigger capabilities reduce the trigger rates to a few milli-Hertz with 4-sigma voltage thresholds while retaining good stability and high efficiency for neutrino signals. The timing resolution of the station has been found to be 0.049 ns, RMS, and the angular precision of event reconstructions of signals bounced off of the sea-ice interface of the Ross Ice Shelf ranged from 0.14 to 0.17 degrees.

关键词： Analog integrated circuits Antarctica antenna arrays astrophysics embedded software ice shelf mesh networks programmable logic arrays switched capacitor circuits

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EFFECTS OF HEAT TREATMENT ON QUALITY AND BROWNING OF FRESH-CUT SUGARCANE

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JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION 2015年第6期39卷 688-696页

作者： Luo, Zisheng Li, Dongdong Xie, Jianwei Feng, Simin Wang, Yansheng Zhejiang Univ Coll Biosyst Engn & Food Sci Hangzhou 31005P Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Zhejiang Key Lab Agrofood Proc Hangzhou 31005P Zhejiang Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Fuli Inst Food Sci Hangzhou 31005P Zhejiang Peoples R China

In order to evaluate the effects of heat treatment on the quality of fresh-cut sugarcane, overall visual quality (OVQ), total bacterial count (TBC), yeast and mold count (YMC), reducing sugar content, ethylene production, and the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), 1-amino cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (ACS), ACC oxidase (ACO), acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI) were examined during storage at 10C after heat treatment at 45C for 3 h. TBC and YMC were significantly reduced by heat treatment. Heat-treated fresh-cut sugarcane exhibited significantly lower activities of PAL, PPO, POD, ACS, ACO, AI and NI than control sugarcanes during the storage. Meanwhile, heat treatment significantly attenuated the increase of browning index, ethylene production, total phenolics and reducing sugar content, while improving OVQ.

关键词： SHCBP1 gene Polyphenylene oxides ARHGAP9 gene sugar content Nickel Pods ethylene production ADMINISTRATIVE CONSENT ORDER programmable logic arrays beta-Fructofuranosidase Reducing sugars TBC1D1 gene LRIT1 gene heat treatment Effect of heat

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A convolution model for computing the far-field directivity of a parametric loudspeaker array

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JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015年第2期137卷 777-784页

作者： Shi, Chuang Kajikawa, Yoshinobu Kansai Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn Suita Osaka 5648680 Japan

This paper describes a method to compute the far-field directivity of a parametric loudspeaker array (PLA), whereby the steerable parametric loudspeaker can be implemented when phased array techniques are applied. The convolution of the product directivity and the Westervelt's directivity is suggested, substituting for the past practice of using the product directivity only. Computed directivity of a PLA using the proposed convolution model achieves significant improvement in agreement to measured directivity at a negligible computational cost. (C) 2015 Acoustical Society of America.

关键词： Convolution programmable logic arrays directivity Parametric far-field

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An improved method for block BSS in time domain by overlapping adjacent blocks

An improved method for block BSS in time domain by overlappi...

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Science and Information Conference (SAI)

作者： Yuehong Shen Wei Zhao Yimin Wei Pengcheng Xu College of Communications Engineering PLA University of Science and Technology Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467384612

This paper proposes to solve the indeterminacy problem of blind source separation (BSS) in the case that long duration mixture signals are separated and processed block by block in time domain. For general BSS problems, there exist inherent permutation and scaling ambiguities between separations and sources. However, when continuously mixed signals are separated independently in each adjacent blocks, the indeterminacies in adjacent blocks differ from each other. When tying the separations in each block together, the whole recovered signals are not correct estimations of sources. To solve this problem, an effective approach has been proposed by overlapping adjacent blocks partially in time domain and using the associativity between separated components of overlapping signals to clean out these indeterminacies of block BSS. Inspired from this approach, an improved method is put forward in this paper. This new method shows better performance than similar and previous ones in terms of computational speed, especially when the number of sources and blocks is large. Computer simulations are performed to verify the performance of this improved method.

关键词： Correlation Time-domain analysis Blind source separation Computational modeling programmable logic arrays Estimation Computer simulation

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