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Mechanical behavior, structure, and reinforcement processes of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose reinforced poly(lactic) acid

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POLYMER COMPOSITES 2013年第2期34卷 173-179页

作者： Bulota, Mindaugas Vesterinen, Arja-Helena Hughes, Mark Seppala, Jukka Aalto Univ Dept Forest Prod Technol Sch Chem Technol FI-00076 Aalto Finland Aalto Univ Sch Chem Technol Dept Biotechnol & Chem Technol FI-00076 Aalto Finland

Poly(lactic) acid (PLA) was reinforced with acetylated TEMPO-oxidized fibrillated cellulose (TOFC) prepared from birch pulp. Composite films were studied using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), as well as static mechanical testing. The storage modulus as well as tensile strength of PLA was improved on the addition of 30 wt% of TOFC by approximately 50% and 40%, respectively. Thermal stability as well as strength properties in moist environments (up to 90% relative humidity) was significantly improved at 15, 20, 25, and 30 wt% of TOFC. DSC showed that crystallization from solution took place during preparation of the composite films and was much greater than melt crystallization. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. (C) 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

关键词： Cellulose programmable logic arrays Crystallization Differential scanning calorimetry Tensile Strength Storage modulus Composite films Trailer on flat car poly(lactic acid) WELLS Mechanical properties Relative Humidity

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A one component methodology for the fabrication of honeycomb films from biocompatible amphiphilic block copolymer hybrids: a linear-dendritic-linear twist

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POLYMER CHEMISTRY 2013年第9期4卷 2680-2690页

作者： Walter, Marie V. Lundberg, Pontus Hult, Daniel Hult, Anders Malkoch, Michael KTH Royal Inst Technol Sch Chem Sci & Engn Dept Fibre & Polymer Technol SE-10044 Stockholm Sweden

The development of a facile method for the fabrication of breath figure (BF) films from hydrophobic polymers is gaining significant importance for their accessibility as templates in fields ranging from electronics and cell culturing to sensing and catalysis. By introducing polyester-based dendritic linkers, a library of micrometre sized honeycomb structures was successfully fabricated from amphiphilic linear-dendritic-linear hybrids comprising hydrophobic PCL or PLA and hydrophilic PEG blocks. From the array of produced films, the incorporation of a third generation dendritic linker was found to generate well-ordered honeycomb films in the several hundreds of micrometre range. This one component approach minimizes the number of unknown parameters and represents a fully reliable methodology for the fabrication of functional BFs from challenging and biocompatible polymers.

关键词： Unknown parameter programmable logic arrays fabrication honeycomb structures Electronics Cell culture Films jigs(templates)

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Percutaneous Laser Ablation of Metastatic Lymph Nodes in the Neck From Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Preliminary Results

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM 2013年第7期98卷 E1203-E1207页

作者： Mauri, G. Cova, L. Tondolo, T. Ierace, T. Baroli, A. Di Mauro, E. Pacella, C. M. Goldberg, S. N. Solbiati, L. Azienda Osped Osped Circolo Busto Arsizio Dept Diagnost Imaging Intervent Oncol Unit I-21052 Busto Arsizio Italy Azienda Osped Osped Circolo Busto Arsizio Dept Diagnost Imaging Nucl Med Unit I-21052 Busto Arsizio Italy Regina Apostolorum Hosp Dept Diagnost Imaging I-00041 Albano Laziale Italy Hadassah Hebrew Univ Med Ctr Image Guided Therapy & Intervent Oncol Unit Dept Radiol IL-91120 Jerusalem Israel

Context: Percutaneous laser ablation (PLA) may be useful in treating patients with metachronous metastatic lymph nodes in the neck. Objective: Our objective was to assess PLA as a treatment of difficult-to-treat metachronous cervical lymph node metastases from papillary thyroid carcinoma. Design and Setting: We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data at a public hospital. Patients: Fifteen patients with previous resection of papillary thyroid carcinoma with elevated serum levels of thyroglobulin (Tg) or anti-Tg antibodies (TgAbs) and 24 metachronous nodal metastases treated between September 2010 and April 2012 were followed with [F-18] fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Intervention: Intervention was PLA. Outcome Measures: Technique feasibility and technical success were evaluated. Tg/TgAb serum levels and (18)FDG-PET/CT, and CEUS appearance were assessed at 6 and 12 months and compared with baseline. Complications were recorded. Results: PLA was always feasible, and technical success was achieved in all patients. At 6 months, local control was achieved in 11 of 15 patients (73%), with 6 (40%) having serum Tg/TgAb normalized (P = .017 vs baseline). Whereas 20 of 24 (83%) nodes were negative at (18)FDG-PET/CT and CEUS (P < .001 vs baseline), 4 were (18)FDG-PET/CT-positive (3 also CEUS-positive). At the 12-month follow-up, local control was achieved in 10 of 14 patients (71.4%). Sixteen of 20 nodes (80%) were negative at 18FDG-PET/CT and CEUS (P < .001 vs baseline), 4 were (18)FDG-PET/CT-positive (2 also CEUS-positive). Four of 10 (40%) patients had normalization of serum Tg/TgAb (P = .098 vs baseline). No major complications occurred. Conclusions: PLA is potentially feasible, safe, and effective for the treatment of metachronous cervical nodal metastases from papillary thyroid carcinoma. This procedure may reduceor delay a large number of highly

关键词： Laser Ablation partial control Lymph Nodes Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Cervical Lymph Node programmable logic arrays BASELINE Neck papillary thyroid cancer Thyroid Carcinoma metastasis Serum levels

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Letter: pyogenic liver abscess and colorectal cancer Reply

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ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS 2013年第1期37卷 165-166页

作者： Kao, W. -Y. Su, C. -W. Taipei Vet Gen Hosp Div Gastroenterol Dept Med Taipei Taiwan Taipei Vet Gen Hosp Div Gastroenterol Dept Med Taoyuan Branch Taipei Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Univ Sch Med Fac Med Taipei 112 Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Univ Sch Med Inst Clin Med Taipei 112 Taiwan

Sir, We thank Lai and colleagues1 for their interest in our study.2 We fully agree with their comments that patients with pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) should undergo a follow-up colonoscopy to detect occult colo-rectal cancer (CRC), especially in the first year after diagnosing PLA. Mucosal defects of colon due to CRCs may provide a route for bacterial invasion into the portal venous system, which in turn resulting in abscess formation in the liver. Previous studies in Taiwan3 and Korea have shown cryptogenic PLA as a sign of CRC, especially among diabetic patients.

关键词： Portal System diabetic patient letter Cancer of Colon Colon programmable logic arrays Comment Colonoscopy Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Colorectal Cancer Camera ready copy leaf area index Korea pyogenic liver abscess

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Letter: pyogenic liver abscess and colorectal cancer

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ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS 2013年第1期37卷 164-165页

作者： Lai, S. -W. Liao, K. -F. Lai, H. -C. China Med Univ Sch Med Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Hosp Dept Family Med Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Grad Inst Integrated Med Taichung Taiwan Taichung Tzu Chi Gen Hosp Dept Internal Med Taichung Taiwan Cent Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol Dept Hlth Care Adm Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Sch Chinese Med Taichung Taiwan China Med Univ Hosp Dept Internal Med Taichung Taiwan

Sirs, The recent paper by Kao and colleagues found that patients with pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) had a higher risk of colorectal cancer (standard incidence ratio = 5.27, 95% CI: 3.76-7.18),* which is compatible with previous *** authors also found that standard incidence!, ratio of colorectal cancer was relatively higher within 1 year of diagnosing PLA (standard incidence ratio = 52.63, 95% CI: 25.2-96.8).* To further explore this issue

关键词： programmable logic arrays letter Colorectal Cancer Cancer of Colon Incidence pyogenic liver abscess

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Hepatobiliary cancer and pyogenic liver abscess: when poking the skunk is not enough Invited Commentary on Chen, et al. Am J Surg 2013;205:52-7

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AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2013年第4期205卷 479-480页

作者： Behrns, Kevin E. Univ Florida Coll Med Dept Surg Gainesville FL 32610 USA

Patients with hepatobiliary or pancreatic cancer who develop pyogenic liver abscesses (PLAs) are an incredibly complex group of patients. First, these patients often harbor advanced malignancies that are associated with immune suppression. Furthermore, these cancers result frequently in biliary obstruction that can lead to overt or insipid cholan-gitis and subsequent liver abscess formation. If the cancer or associated obstructed biliary tree is not recognized promptly, patients may develop multiple abscesses or multiloculated abscesses, which are notoriously difficult to treat. In addition, the performance status of these patients is typically poor, and therefore, complicated invasive treatment plans are tolerated poorly. Moreover, data from the past 15 years suggest that the incidence of PLA is increasing, and most of PLAs are associated with cancer. Most of these PLAs are now treated with percutaneous drainage and antibiotics.

关键词： Multiple abscesses Biliary Obstruction Comment pyogenic liver abscess Patients Cancer Biliary Tract Liver Abscess programmable logic arrays Phytolacca americana snow goose Mephitidae

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A dynamic optically reconfigurable gate array using a blue laser

A dynamic optically reconfigurable gate array using a blue l...

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IEEE 4th International Conference on Photonics (ICP)

作者： Kubota, Takayuki Watanabe, Minoru Shizuoka Univ Hamamatsu Shizuoka 4328561 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467360739;9781467360753

Recently, optically reconfigurable gate arrays (OR-GAs), which can support a high-speed dynamic reconfiguration with numerous reconfiguration contexts, have been developed. Although an ORGA is a three-dimensional VLSI, no through-silicon via (TSV) technology or any micro-bump technology is never necessary to produce an ORGA. A three-dimensional ORGA uses only free-optical connections and a volume-type holographic memory technology. Therefore, the yield ratio of ORGAs is so high that ORGAs can easily be produced with no concern related to production variation. In this study, to increase the gate density, a short wavelength laser of 404 nm is applied to ORGA architecture. This paper presents the reconfiguration capabilities of the reconfiguration period and retention time of the photodiode memory architecture of a newly fabricated ORGA-VLSI.

关键词： VLSI holography integrated optics integrated optoelectronics laser arrays optical logic photodiodes programmable logic arrays reconfigurable architectures

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Effects of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTS) On the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Plasticized Polylactic Acid Nanocomposites

Effects of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTS) On the Mec...

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International Polymer Technology Conference and Exhibition (IPTCE)

作者： Maizatulnisa, Othman Tan, Kok Hui Mohd Yusof, Hashim Halisanni, Khalid Ruzaidi, Ghazali Nazarudin, Zakaria Paridah, Tahir Hassan, Noor Azlina IIUM Fac Engn Dept Mfg & Mat Engn POB 10 Kuala Lumpur 50728 Malaysia Univ Putra Malaysia Biocomposite Lab Inst Tropical Forestry & Forest Prod Serdang Malaysia Tech Serv Ctr Malaysia Agr Res & Dev Inst Food & Agr Anal Lab Program Serdang 43400 Malaysia Univ Teknol MARA Dept Biocomposite Fac Appl Sci Shah Alam 40450 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9783037858370

A multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/plasticized polylactic acid (PLA) composite was prepared using a two-roll mill set at 170 degrees C and 50 rev/min. The material was characterized using dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). Characterization works include obtaining mechanical properties, such as tensile and flexural properties of the nanocomposites. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) at 6 wt% was used as the plasticizer for blending with the PLA. It was found that the tensile and flexural strengths of the nanocomposites increased up to 43.8 MPa and 81.4 MPa respectively with the addition of 0.15 wt% MWCNTs. The DMA results revealed that the storage modulus and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the nanocomposites improved with the addition of 0.15 wt% CNTs, which was previously reduced by the incorporation of PEG.

关键词： Nanocomposites poly(lactic acid) Polyethylene Glycols Thermal properties Mechanical Storage modulus programmable logic arrays DOWEL flexural strength Multi-Walled Nanotube glass transition temperature FLEXURAL PROPERTIES DIAGNOSIS OF MULTIPLE ALARMS SYSTEM DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS Plasticizers

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Designing Function Configuration Decoders for the PAnDA architecture using Multi-objective Cartesian Genetic Programming

Designing Function Configuration Decoders for the PAnDA arch...

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IEEE International Conference on Evolvable Systems (ICES)

作者： Walker, James Alfred Trefzer, Martin A. Tyrrell, Andy M. Univ York Dept Elect Intelligent Syst Grp York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England

ISBN: (纸本)9781467358699

The programmable Analogue and Digital Array (PAnDA) is a novel reconfigurable architecture, which allows variability aware design and rapid prototyping of digital systems. Exploiting the configuration options of the architecture allows the post-fabrication correction and optimisation of circuits directly in hardware using bio-inspired techniques. In order to reduce the overhead of extra configuration memory and area consumption, a portion of the configuration memory required to configure the logic functionality of the Configurable Analogue Blocks (CABs) in the PAnDA architecture is replaced by Function Configuration Decoders (FCDs). In the past, bio-inspired approaches based on Cartesian Genetic Programming have been demonstrated as a suitable method for designing such circuit topologies. As the area of the FCDs is a primary concern, in addition to performance, a form of CGP which utilises a multi-objective strategy (MO-CGP) is used to evolve FCD designs for the two types of CAB present in the PAnDA architecture. The results show that MO-CGP is capable of evolving and optimising FCDs that are optimal for area and performance for both CABs. A PAnDA prototype chip containing FCDs is currently being fabricated. Also, when compared with designs produced by a commercial synthesis tool, the MO-CGP designs are smaller, faster, and more power efficient.

关键词： circuit optimisation genetic algorithms logic design network topology performance evaluation programmable logic arrays reconfigurable architectures

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DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROTHERMAL MICROACTUATOR USING A LOW ENVIRONMENTAL LOAD POLYMER

DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROTHERMAL MICROACTUATOR USING A LOW ENVI...

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International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science (MHS)

作者： Amaya, Satoshi Sugiyama, Susumu TOWA Corp Minami Ku 5 Kamichoshi Cho Kyoto 6018105 Japan Ritsumeikan Univ Shiga 5258577 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479915279

This paper presents an environment friendly fabrication technology of MEMS devices using biodegradable polymer material applying hot embossing and polishing process. The capability of the method was demonstrated through the fabrication and tested of a polylactic acid (PLA) thermal microactuator. The displacement was about 11 times larger than that of a Si counterpart. In this research, a monolithic PLA thermal microactuator has been developed as low environmental load device.

关键词： Bonding Embossing Polymers programmable logic arrays Silicon Temperature measurement

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