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Effects of Two Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressants, Sertraline and Escitalopram, on Aldosterone/Renin Ratio in Normotensive Depressed Male Patients

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM 2011年第4期96卷 1039-1045页

作者： Ahmed, Ashraf H. Calvird, Michele Gordon, Richard D. Taylor, Paul J. Ward, Gregory Pimenta, Eduardo Young, Ross Stowasser, Michael Univ Queensland Sch Med Princess Alexandra Hosp Endocrine Hypertens Res Ctr Brisbane Qld 4102 Australia Univ Queensland Sch Med Greenslopes Hosp Endocrine Hypertens Res Ctr Brisbane Qld 4102 Australia Queensland Hlth Logan Beaudesert Hlth Serv Dist Brisbane Qld 4000 Australia Sullivan & Nicolaides Pathol Brisbane Qld 4068 Australia Queensland Univ Technol Brisbane Qld 4001 Australia

Background: Plasma aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR) is the most popular screening test for primary aldosteronism (PAL). Certain medications are known to cause false-negative or -positive ARRs by affecting renin and aldosterone levels. There are no previously published data on the effects of antidepressants on ARR. Methods: Normotensive, depressed male patients (n = 26) underwent measurement (seated, mid-morning) of plasma aldosterone, direct renin concentration (DRC), renin activity (PRA), electrolytes and creatinine and urinary aldosterone, cortisol, electrolytes, and creatinine at baseline and after 2 and 6 wk treatment with sertraline (n = 14) or escitalopram (n = 12). Results: For both antidepressants, treatment was associated with rises in aldosterone [sertraline: baseline, mean +/- SD, 243 +/- 34;2 wk, 256 +/- 33;6 wk, 267 +/- 34 pmol/liter (P < 0.01 by ANOVA);escitalopram, 261 +/- 36, 269 +/- 38, 282 +/- 40 pmol/liter (P < 0.05)], DRC [19.5 +/- 2.2, 33.5 +/- 2.0, 39.0 +/- 2.4 mU/liter (P < 0.001);24.5 +/- 2.4, 34.0 +/- 2.7, 42.8 +/- 2.4 mU/liter (P < 0.001)], and PRA [2.24 +/- 0.21, 2.58 +/- 0.26, 4.68 +/- 0.42 ng/ml . h (P < 0.001);4.31 +/- 0.22, 5.57 +/- 0.36, 6.42 +/- 0.53 ng/ml . h (P < 0.001)]. ARR fell significantly whether calculated using DRC [sertraline, 13.7 +/- 2.2, 7.5 +/- 0.7, 6.8 +/- 0.7 (P < 0.001);escitalopram, 11.5 +/- 1.9, 8.0 +/- 1.1, 6.6 +/- 1.0 (P < 0.001)], or PRA [116.6 +/- 15.8, 108.4 +/- 15.6, 60.4 +/- 6.2 (P < 0.001);61.2 +/- 8.1, 50.0 +/- 7.7, 45.6 +/- 6.0 (P < 0.01)]. Conclusion: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants can significantly reduce ARR and therefore potentially increase the risk of false-negative results when screening for PAL. Further studies in hypertensive patients, including patients with confirmed PAL, are required. (J Clin EndocrinolMetab 96: 1039-1045, 2011)

关键词： Alligator Rivers Region aldosterone blood level LRIT1 gene Antidepressive Agents Sertraline SHCBP1 gene Creatinine programmable logic arrays Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors

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Fault Tolerant Approaches to Nanoelectronic programmable logic arrays

Fault Tolerant Approaches to Nanoelectronic Programmable Log...

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Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks

作者： Wenjing Rao Alex Orailoglu Ramesh Karri UC San Diego CSE Department

ISBN: (纸本)9781424430826

programmable logic arrays (PLA), which can implement arbitrary logic functions in a two-level logic form, are promising as platforms for nanoelectronic logic due to their highly regular structure compatible with the nano crossbar architectures. Reliability is an important challenge as far as nanoelectronic devices are concerned. Consequently, it is necessary to focus on the fault tolerance aspects of nanoelectronic PLAs to ensure their viability as a foundation for nanoelectronic systems. In this paper, we investigate two types of fault tolerance techniques for nanoelectronic device based PLAs, focusing at the online faults occurring at the cross-points of nano devices. We develop a scheme to precisely locate the faults online, as this is a crucial step for efficient online reconfiguration based fault tolerance schemes. We also propose a tautology based fault masking scheme. We demonstrate that these two types of fault tolerance schemes developed for nano PLAs significantly improve at low hardware cost the reliability of the high fault occurrence nanoelectronic environment.

关键词： programmable logic arrays Fault tolerance Nanoscale devices Fabrication logic devices Circuit faults Fault tolerant systems Hardware Reconfigurable logic Runtime

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A Large-Scale FPGA-Based Trigger and Dead-Time Free DAQ System for the KAOS Spectrometer at MAMI

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE 2011年第4期58卷 1677-1684页

作者： Achenbach, Patrick Gayoso, C. Ayerbe Bernauer, J. C. Boehm, R. Bosnar, D. Debenjak, L. Distler, M. O. Esser, A. Friscic, I. de la Paz, M. Gomez Rodriguez Hoffmann, J. Makek, M. Merkel, H. Minami, S. Mueller, U. Nungesser, L. Ott, W. Pochodzalla, J. Potokar, M. Rusanov, I. Saito, T. R. Majos, S. Sanchez Schlimme, B. S. Sirca, S. Voltz, S. Weindel, K. Weinriefer, M. Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz Inst Kernphys D-55099 Mainz Germany GSI Helmholtzzentrum Schwerionenforsch D-64291 Darmstadt Germany Univ Zagreb Dept Phys Zagreb 10002 Croatia Univ Ljubljana SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia Jozef Stefan Inst SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia

The KAOS spectrometer is maintained by the A1 collaboration at the Mainz Microtron MAMI with a focus on the study of (e, e'K(+))coincidence reactions. For its electron-arm two vertical planes of fiber arrays, each comprising approximately 10000 fibers, are operated close to zero degree scattering angle and in close proximity to the electron beam. A nearly dead-time free DAQ system to acquire timing and tracking information has been installed for this spectrometer arm. The signals of 144 multianode photomultipliers are collected by 96-channel front-end boards, digitized by double-threshold discriminators and the signal time is picked up by state-of-the-art F1 time-to-digital converter chips. In order to minimize background rates a sophisticated trigger logic was implemented in newly developed Vuprom modules. The trigger performs noise suppression, signal cluster finding, particle tracking and coincidence timing and can be expanded for kinematical matching (e' K(+)) coincidences. The full system was designed to process more than 4000 read-out channels and to cope with the high electron flux in the spectrometer and the high count rate requirement of the detectors. It was successfully in-beam tested at MAMI in 2009.

关键词： Nuclear physics photomultipliers programmable logic arrays spectroscopy trigger circuits

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Increasing the dynamic range of in situ PLA

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NATURE METHODS 2011年第11期8卷 892-893页

作者： Clausson, Carl-Magnus Allalou, Amin Weibrecht, Irene Mahmoudi, Salah Farnebo, Marianne Landegren, Ulf Wahlby, Carolina Soderberg, Ola Uppsala Univ Dept Immunol Genet & Pathol Sci Life Lab Rudbeck Lab Uppsala Sweden Uppsala Univ Sci Life Lab Ctr Image Anal Uppsala Sweden Karolinska Inst Dept Oncol Pathol Canc Ctr Karolinska Stockholm Sweden Broad Inst Harvard & Massachusetts Inst Technol Cambridge MA USA

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article on in situ proximity ligation assays (PLA) by O. Söderberg in the 2006 issue is presented.

关键词： programmable logic arrays Dynamic range

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PMSM position sensorless control with extended flux observer

PMSM position sensorless control with extended flux observer

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ICELIE/IES Industry Forum/37th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society (IECON)

作者： Imaeda, Yukitsugu Doki, Shinji Hasegawa, Masaru Matsui, Keiju Tomita, Mutuwo Ohnuma, Takumi Nagoya Univ Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Aichi Japan Chubu Univ Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Kasugai Aichi 487 Japan Gifu Natl Coll Technol Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci Gifu Japan Numazu Natl Coll Technol Shizuoka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781612849720

So far a lot of sensorless control methods have been proposed for permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). However, application which require the response at transition is limited in current methods, and the expansion of coverage of sensorless control is requested. In this paper, an extended flux is defined and minimal order observer estimating it is proposed. Then, the poles of the minimal order observer are assigned, considering robustness to velocity estimation error and suppression of higher harmonic components. Assigning poles like this, this observer becomes robuster to velocity estimation error at transition than conventional method. By this characteristic, the improvement of the response can be expected. The performance of proposed method is shown by experiments.

关键词： Observers programmable logic arrays

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Commissioning of the CF₄ Recuperation Plant For the Cathode Strip Chambers Detector At the CERN Compact Muon Solenoid experiment

Commissioning of the CF<sub>4</sub> Recuperation Plant For t...

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IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium/Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC)/18th International Workshop on Room-Temperature Semiconductor X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors

作者： Capeans, M. Guida, R. Haider, S. Hahn, F. CERN PH-DT Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781467301206

Cathode Strip Chambers (CSC) are used in the end-cap region of the Muon spectrometer for the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The nominal gas mixture contains 40 % Ar, 50 % CO2 and 10 % CF4, The main function of CF4 is to prevent polymerisation processes that would result on deposits on the wires as proved by long-term ageing tests performed during the past few years. CF4 is an expensive gas;the current gas operational cost in the CMS CSC is about 100 kCHF/year, in a closed-loop gas system that is operated with a 90 % re-circulation rate. Unfortunately, it is not possible to increase the recirculation fraction because N-2 from air constantly diffuses into the detector. However, the possibility of recuperating the CF4 would offer several advantages, both in terms of cost and flexibility of operation. The working principle of the CF4 recuperation plant has been fully tested on a small scale prototype. The system is based on membrane gas separator and CF4 adsorption in a molecular sieve. The real CF4 recuperation plant has been built during 2011 and it is now in a commissioning phase. Normal operation is foreseen to start beginning next year.

关键词： CERN Compact Muon Solenoid experiment Cathode Strip Chambers detector Detectors Large Hadron Collider Molecular sieves Polymers programmable logic arrays endcap region long term ageing test polymerisation polymerisation recirculation rate recuperation plant transition radiation detectors

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PEG-b-PCL and PEG-b-PLA Polymeric Micelles as Nanocarrieres for Lamellarin N delivery

PEG-b-PCL and PEG-b-PLA Polymeric Micelles as Nanocarrieres ...

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33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS)

作者： Pungkham, Hathaichanok Swatdipakdi, Nattharin Theerasilp, Man Karnkla, Supattra Chittchang, Montakarn Ploypradith, Poonsakdi Nasongkla, Norased Mahidol Univ Dept Biomed Engn Nakhon Pathom 73170 CO Thailand Chulabhorn Res Inst Bangkok 10210 Thailand Chulabhorn Grad Inst Bangkok 10210 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441228

Lamellarin N (Lam N) is a member of an interesting marine natural product class isolated from mollusks and subsequently found in ascidians and sponges. The limited aqueous solubility of Lam N hinders further studies on its cytotoxic activity against cancer cells. In this study, micelles comprising poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PEG-b-PCL) and poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D, L-lactide) (PEG-b-PLA) were developed to circumvent Lam N limited aqueous solubility. The results showed that an increase in the molecular weight of both core materials resulted in higher Lam N loading content, whereas the release of Lam N decreased as a function of molecular weight of PCL and PLA. With less hydrophobic property, PLA micelles provided faster Lam N release. Thus, polymeric micelles could be utilized as controlled-release delivery systems for poorly water soluble Lam N.

关键词： Cancer Drugs Loading PEG-b-PCL polymeric micelles PEG-b-PLA polymeric micelles Polymers programmable logic arrays Solvents aqueous solubility ascidians cancer cells colloids controlled-release delivery systems cytotoxic activity hydrophobic property lamel

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Reduction of Myocardial Oxygen Demand by Controlling Heart Rate and Hemodynamics Simultaneously by Novel Circulatory Model

Reduction of Myocardial Oxygen Demand by Controlling Heart R...

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33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS)

作者： Sugimachi, Masaru Uemura, Kazunori Kawada, Toru Shishido, Toshiaki Sunagawa, Kenji Natl Cerebral & Cardiovasc Ctr Res Inst Suita Osaka 5658565 Japan Kyushu Univ Fukuoka 812 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441228

We were already capable of restoring automatically blood pressure, cardiac output, and left atrial pressure by an inotropic, a vasodilator, and volume infusion/a diuretic. Countermeasures for cardioprotection, however, should be integrated to improve the long-term outcomes. We established a full control of heart rate and examined if such a control was useful for decreasing cardiac oxygen consumption. Based on a simulation result, we conducted an animal experiment. In 7 dogs with acute heart failure, we treated hemodynamics, and then lowered heart rate. Compared to the treatment for hemodynamics alone, the addition of bradycardia decreased cardiac oxygen consumption. It was possible to maintain hemodynamics without sacrificing cardiac oxygen consumption.

关键词： Dogs Heart rate Hemodynamics programmable logic arrays blood pressure cardiac output circulatory model haemodynamics heart rate control hemodynamics left atrial pressure medical disorders myocardial oxygen demand reduction vasodilator

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Impact of baroreflex on venous return surface

Impact of baroreflex on venous return surface

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33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS)

作者： Sakamoto, Takafumi Murayama, Yoshinori Tanaka, Atsushi Sakamoto, Kazuo Tobushi, Tomoyuki Saku, Keita Hosokawa, Kazuya Onitsuka, Ken Fujino, Takeo Sunagawa, Kenji Kyushu Univ Fukuoka 8128582 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441228

Background: Although Guyton's concept of venous return (VR) revolutionized circulatory physiology, the pulmonary circulation is invisible in its original framework. Since the pulmonary circulation is critical in left heart failure, we characterized the VR as a surface described by right (P-RA) and left atrial (P-LA) pressures and demonstrated that the VR surface was capable of representing mechanics of pulmonary as well as systemic circulation. However how baroreflex impacts the VR surface remains unknown. Methods/Results: In 8 dogs, we isolated the carotid sinuses and replaced both ventricles with pumps. We varied cardiac output, shifted blood distribution between the systemic and pulmonary circulation at carotid sinus pressures (CSP) of 100 or 140 mmHg. The coefficient of determination of the VR surface ranged 0.96-0.99 indicating how flat the surface is. Increasing CSP decreased maximum VR (233 +/- 27 vs. 216 +/- 33 ml/kg/min, p<0.05), whereas did not change the slopes of VR along PRA or PLA axes. Conclusions: Baroreflex parallel shifts the VR surface, thereby stressed volume, without changing its slopes.

关键词： Baroreflex Blood Dogs Heart Physiology programmable logic arrays baroreflex effects blood distribution blood pressure measurement blood vessels cardiac output carotid sinus pressure circulatory physiology left atrial pressure left heart failure pulmonary

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Drug-Polyester Conjugated Nanoparticles for Cancer Drug Delivery

Drug-Polyester Conjugated Nanoparticles for Cancer Drug Deli...

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33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS)

作者： Tong, Rong Tang, Li Yin, Qian Cheng, Jianjun MIT Cambridge MA 02138 USA Univ Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA

We report here the synthesis of camptothecin-polylactide conjugate via camptothecin-initiated lactide polymerization and the formation of nanoconjugates for drug delivery applications.

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441228

We report here the synthesis of camptothecin-polylactide conjugate via camptothecin-initiated lactide polymerization and the formation of nanoconjugates for drug delivery applications.

关键词： Drugs Loading Nanoparticles Plastics Polymers programmable logic arrays Zinc biomedical materials camptothecin-initiated lactide polymerization camptothecin-polylactide conjugate cancer cancer drug delivery drug-polyester conjugated nanoparticles drugs na

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