Since very little research has been published on the wet-spinning process, this article is a contribution to understanding the coagulation phenomenon. In this work, the effects of spinning parameters on the evolution ...
详细信息
Since very little research has been published on the wet-spinning process, this article is a contribution to understanding the coagulation phenomenon. In this work, the effects of spinning parameters on the evolution of the void fraction of coarse polyamide-imide monofilaments were investigated. First of all, an experimental wet-spinning device was designed in our laboratory. Robust and reliable, this prototyping tool allows a fully automated production, ensuring the reproducibility of the different spinning tests. A four-factor Design of Experiments was built to analyze the effects and combinations between the following parameters: extrusion diameter, concentration of the coagulation bath and drawing rates applied in the coagulation bath and in the air. The results derived from a statistical analysis coupled to a scanning electron microscope study showed a highly significant influence of the concentration of solvent in the coagulation bath, concerning the evolution of the void fraction of the obtained monofilaments.
One of the major problems in the design of industrial control systems is the selection and parameterization of the control algorithm. In practice, the most common solution is the PI (proportional-integral) controller,...
详细信息
One of the major problems in the design of industrial control systems is the selection and parameterization of the control algorithm. In practice, the most common solution is the PI (proportional-integral) controller, which is simple to implement, but is not always the best control strategy. The use of more advanced controllers may result in a better efficiency of the control system. However, the implementation of advanced control algorithms is more time-consuming and requires specialized knowledge from control engineers. To overcome these problems and to support control engineers at the controller design stage, the paper describes a tool, i.e., a metamorphic controller with extended functionality, for selection and implementation of the most suitable control algorithm. In comparison to existing solutions, the main advantage of the metamorphic controller is its possibility of changing the control algorithm. In turn, the candidate algorithms can be tested through simulations and the total time needed to perform all simulations can be less than a few minutes, which is less than or comparable to the design time in the concurrent design approach. Moreover, the use of well-known tuning procedures, makes the system easy to understand and operate even by inexperienced control engineers. The application was implemented in the real industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) and tested with linear and nonlinear virtual plants. The obtained simulation results confirm that the change of the control algorithm allows the control objectives to be achieved at lower costs and in less time.
Helium Refrigerator/Liquefier system of Steady State Superconducting Tokamak (SST-1) incorporates Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) pre-cooling system. LN2 is used for 80K thermal shields of SST-1, current feeder system and integ...
详细信息
Helium Refrigerator/Liquefier system of Steady State Superconducting Tokamak (SST-1) incorporates Liquid Nitrogen (LN2) pre-cooling system. LN2 is used for 80K thermal shields of SST-1, current feeder system and integrated flow distribution and control system. The LN2 management system is distributed system and requires automatic control. Initially LN2 control system had Citect based Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) and Koyo make programmable logic controller (PLC). With the passage of time and due to unavailability of their hardware, it is being obsoleted. So, the requirements of new PLC and SCADA systems have been envisaged to make uninterruptable operation of SST-1 cryogenic system. Therefore, Wonderware SCADA and Schneider Electric make PLC is programmed to replace Citect SCADA and Koyo PLC. New control features have been added in upgraded control system for better management of LN2 system. This upgradation of SCADA and PLC is completed, tested successfully and in operation. Operational performance highlights of the new upgraded system are presented in this paper. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
In today's world of technology and due to speed running industries, the production rate has increased tremendously. Generally, manufacturing industries keep manufacturing same models with little variation in heigh...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509049677
In today's world of technology and due to speed running industries, the production rate has increased tremendously. Generally, manufacturing industries keep manufacturing same models with little variation in height, colour, weight, shape. And here sorting plays an important role. In such cases industries can't bare human errors for sorting these products. Thus it become necessary to develop Low Cost Automation (LCA) for sorting these products in accurate manner. Industrial automation mainly focuses on developing automations having low cost, low maintenance, long durability and to make systems user friendly as possible. Finally, here we have developed a LCA system for sorting the light weight objects on the basis of height variation using DC geared motors which is controlled by programmable logic controller (PLC) Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) and the conveyor in the system passes the object in front of sensors and thus sorting logic is decided.
A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a specialized computer like device used in industrial process control, replacing banks of electromagnetic relays. Here, the speed of a Permanent Magnet Direct Current (PMDC) mo...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781538643198
A programmable logic controller (PLC) is a specialized computer like device used in industrial process control, replacing banks of electromagnetic relays. Here, the speed of a Permanent Magnet Direct Current (PMDC) motor is controlled under load condition by a PID controller simulated in the PLC Platform using the Siemens step S7 software. The PLC used is Siemens CPU224XPsi. The reason behind the PID to be implemented in the PLC program is for the system to have a better response and less error. The loading on the PMDC motor is through eddy current braking. As the loading on the motor cannot be quantified, observations were made for specific loading positions. The performance of the motor was examined under three conditions- (i) Motor without feedback and without controller, (ii) Motor with feedback without controller and (iii) Motor with feedback and controller. The performance of a PMDC motor was also studied through actual hardware implementation. Here a Peripheral Interface controller (PIC) Microcontroller is used to integrate a number of functions like optical method of measurement and display of speed of the motor, feedback and implementation of the PID controller. The transistor-based motor drive is activated by variable Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) output from the microcontroller.
programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are specialized computing systems for the control and monitoring of distributed industrial devices. Aiming for a highly connected industrial Internet-of-Things (IoT) ecosystem, PL...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781450349666
programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are specialized computing systems for the control and monitoring of distributed industrial devices. Aiming for a highly connected industrial Internet-of-Things (IoT) ecosystem, PLCopen OPC Unified Architecture (UA) specification has been released. This paper presents the implementation and evaluation of a PLCopen OPC-UA software component for industrial control systems. A preliminary evaluation of the developed software has been conducted to analyze the performance of OPC-UA client FBs.
The whole process of programmable logic controller(PLC) teaching activities involves many factors,such as curriculum design,teaching material selection,training equipment investment,theory and practice teaching and ...
详细信息
The whole process of programmable logic controller(PLC) teaching activities involves many factors,such as curriculum design,teaching material selection,training equipment investment,theory and practice teaching and so *** teaching effect depends on the resultant forces of these *** optimization among the elements of teaching,which are interrelated,mutual restriction and interaction,is the essential condition for the best teaching *** an important teaching mode to cultivate students’ innovative ability,interactive teaching can highlight the dominant position of students when the method is applied to the teaching process of *** this way,the teachers can stimulate students’ interest in learning and improve students’ comprehensive *** application of interactive teaching method in PLC teaching is of great significance.
The paper proposes an automation heating and pumping system for water, using Zelio PLC, for a cloakroom from a facility plant. PLC control installation replaces a classical control installation, less reliable, with co...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509051618
The paper proposes an automation heating and pumping system for water, using Zelio PLC, for a cloakroom from a facility plant. PLC control installation replaces a classical control installation, less reliable, with contacts and relays. For control of automation heating and pumping system for water using a PLC Zelio SR3B261BD, 24V DC type, and one extension module connected to PLC, SR3XT141BD, 24V DC type. The program was developed in function block diagram. Using PLC's controls the installation has been simplified considerably, and troubleshoots installation are much easier.
High speed machines with high positioning accuracy have become very important in order to achieve high productivity gains. The system that is capable of achieving both coarse and fine positioning has a wide range of a...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509029488
High speed machines with high positioning accuracy have become very important in order to achieve high productivity gains. The system that is capable of achieving both coarse and fine positioning has a wide range of applications in the field of precision engineering. This paper presents a novel method for position control of single stage dual range actuation system. In the developed system both coarse and fine positioning is achieved using ball screw actuator and a gearing mechanism. The friction in the ball screw actuator is identified using Tustin and LuGre models. Position control of the developed system is programmed using programmable logic controller.
Ball screw actuator has an important application in the field of ultra-precision machines as it delivers high precision motion in work machines where both high rigidity and positioning accuracy is required. Friction i...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509007745
Ball screw actuator has an important application in the field of ultra-precision machines as it delivers high precision motion in work machines where both high rigidity and positioning accuracy is required. Friction in the actuator is identified using two models namely, Tustin model and LuGre model. The ball screw driven system is designed and developed. The developed system is used to control the position of ball screw actuator. programmable logic controller is used to control the ball screw driven system.
暂无评论