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8th International Conference on Robotics in Education (RiE)

作者： Bagci, B. Baransel Kamasak, Mustafa Ince, Gokhan Istanbul Tech Univ Fac Comp & Informat Engn TR-34469 Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9783319628752;9783319628745

programming is a popular subject in education and experts emphasize the importance of teaching programming to the children in the high school or even earlier. In this study, we used robots for teaching programming basics to the high school and college students and observed the effects of different interfaces. We used an educational robot called Thymio-II with Aseba Event Script Language (AESL), which is designed specifically for the Thymio. In this work, our hypothesis is that visual programming interfaces are more successful on learning programming and facilitate the learning with other interfaces and languages. In order to teach programming, as well as the interfaces and the robot features, we created a curriculum applicable to all interfaces. We taught students ages ranging from 15 to 24 using lecture content prepared in the form of video recordings. Students were given 30 min of lectures and at the end of each lecture students were expected to write a program according to predefined requirements. Students were divided to groups using different interfaces and we observed the difference of the learning curves of students for each programming interface. In our tests, we used original English AESL, Turkish version of AESL and a graphical interface called Visual programming Language (VPL). We compared the performance of the students using the graphical icon based against the classical text based programming languages.

关键词： Teaching computer languages Visual programming Robots in teaching programming programming interfaces

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Ibm :: Sna :: Netview :: Gc31-6022-0 Netview Directory of programming interfaces for Customers Rel 3

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2016年

[Auto Generated] Chapter 1. programming interfaces for Custome,. ................... 1 Chapter 2. Product-Sensitive programming interfaces ................. 3 Chapter 3. Data Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5 External logs ............................................. 5 Network Asset Management Data ............................... 5 Chapter 4. Macros and Control Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 7 This book is a direc

关键词： asset management blocks chapter chapter lists command command lists control control blocks customers data data sets directory gc31-6022-0 interfaces macros netview netview program network asset programming programming interfaces record formats services vital product

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Shared memory parallelization of data mining algorithms: Techniques, programming interface, and performance

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING 2005年第1期17卷 71-89页

作者： Jin, RM Yang, G Agrawal, G Ohio State Univ Dept Comp & Informat Sci Columbus OH 43210 USA

With recent technological advances, shared memory parallel machines have become more scalable, and offer large main memories and high bus bandwidths. They are emerging as good platforms for data warehousing and data mining. In this paper, we focus on shared memory parallelization of data mining algorithms. We have developed a series of techniques for parallelization of data mining algorithms, including full replication, full locking, fixed locking, optimized full locking, and cache-sensitive locking. Unlike previous work on shared memory parallelization of specific data mining algorithms, all of our techniques apply to a large number of popular data mining algorithms. In addition, we propose a reduction-object-based interface for specifying a data mining algorithm. We show how our runtime system can apply any of the techniques we have developed starting from a common specification of the algorithm. We have carried out a detailed evaluation of the parallelization techniques and the programming interface. We have experimented with apriori and fp-tree-based association mining, k-means clustering, k-nearest neighbor classifier, and decision tree construction. The main results from our experiments are as follows: 1) Among full replication, optimized full locking, and cache-sensitive locking, there is no clear winner. Each of these three techniques can outperform others depending upon machine and dataset parameters. These three techniques perform significantly better than the other two techniques. 2) Good parallel efficiency is achieved for each of the four algorithms we experimented with, using our techniques and runtime system. 3) The overhead of the interface is within 10 percent in almost all cases. 4) In the case of decision tree construction, combining different techniques turned out to be crucial for achieving high performance.

关键词： shared memory parallelization programming interfaces association mining clustering decision tree construction

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A star network approach in heterogeneous multiprocessors system on chip

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JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2012年第3期62卷 1404-1424页

作者： Wang, Chao Li, Xi Zhang, Junneng Zhou, Xuehai Wang, Aili Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Comp Sci Hefei 230026 Anhui Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Suzhou Inst Suzhou Jiangsu Peoples R China

Multiprocessor System on Chip (MPSoC) platform plays a vital role in parallel processor architecture design. However, with the growing number of processors, interconnect on chip is becoming one of the major bottlenecks of MPSoC architecture. In this paper, we propose a star network based on peer to peer links on FPGA. The star network utilizes fast simplex links (FSL) as basic structure to connect the scheduler with heterogeneous processing elements, including processors and hardware IP cores. Blocking and nonblocking application interfaces are provided for high level programming. We built a prototype system on FPGA to evaluate the transfer time and hardware cost of the proposed star network architecture. Experiment results demonstrated that the average transfer time for each word could be reduced to 7 cycles, which achieves 14x speedup against state-of-the-art shared memory literatures. Moreover, the star network cost only 1.2 % Flip Flops and 2.45 % LUTs of a single FPGA.

关键词： Multiprocessor system on chip Star network Network on chip programming interfaces

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Supporting Data Workers To Perform Exploratory programming

Supporting Data Workers To Perform Exploratory Programming

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CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Subramanian, Krishna Zubarev, Ilya Voelker, Simon Borchers, Jan Rhein Westfal TH Aachen D-52056 Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450359719

Data science is an open-ended task in which exploratory programming is a common practice. Data workers often need faster and easier ways to explore alternative approaches to obtain insights from data, which frequently compromises code quality. To understand how well current IDEs support this exploratory workflow, we conducted an observational study with 19 data workers. In this paper, we present two significant findings from our analysis that highlight issues faced by data workers: (a) code hoarding and (b) excessive task switching and code cloning. To mitigate these issues, we provide design recommendations based on existing work, and propose to augment IDEs with an interactive visual plugin. This plugin parses source code to identify and visualize high-level task details. Data workers can use the resulting visualization to better understand and navigate the source code. As a realization of this idea, we present HypothesisManager, an add-in for RStudio that identifies and visualizes the hypotheses that a data worker is testing for statistical significance through her source code.

关键词： Scripting languages Exploratory programming Grounded Theory methodology programming interfaces Data Science

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Moving Away from the Blocks: Evaluating the Usability of EduBlocks for Supporting Children to Transition from Block-Based programming 19th

Moving Away from the Blocks: Evaluating the Usability of Edu...

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19th International-Federation-for-Information-Processing-Technical-Committee-13 (IFIP TC13) International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT)

作者： Sim, Gavin Lochrie, Mark Zubair, Misbahu S. Kerr, Oliver Bates, Matthew Univ Cent Lancashire Preston Lancs England Manchester Metropolitan Univ Manchester Lancs England

ISBN: (纸本)9783031422799;9783031422805

When learning to code, children and novice programmers often transition from block-based to traditional text-based programming environments. This paper explores the usability problems within a block-based authoring environment, EduBlocks, that may hinder children's learning. Using domain-specific heuristics, a usability evaluation was performed by expert evaluators, which was later combined with data from an analysis of problems reported in Forums, to produce a corpus of usability problems. The corpus was subsequently analysed using thematic analysis, and seven design guidelines were synthesized. Using the guidelines, a model of interaction was created to inform the design of block-based authoring environments that support the transition to text-based authoring. The model examines the interplay between learning within a school environment to independently using the authoring environment and how the interface can support these differing scenarios. This paper contributes to the design of effective user interfaces to support children learning to code and provides guidelines for developers of hybrid authoring environments to support the transition away from blocks.

关键词： Heuristic Evaluation programming interfaces Usability Design Guidelines

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An XML file format for exchanging singlet lens specifications

An XML file format for exchanging singlet lens specification...

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Conference on Optifab

作者： Gay, Shawn C. Gangadhara, Sanjay Zemax LLC 10230 NE Points DrSuite 540 Kirkland WA 98033 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628418385

Zemax has developed an XML schema for the distribution of singlet lens specifications based on the ISO 10110 standard. In OpticStudio 15, this kind of XML data can be exported from the ISO Element Drawing analysis. The data file is then used in a feature that automates exchange of lens data between designer and manufacturer, the Cost Estimator. This Cost Estimator feature submits the XML data to various manufacturers to obtain cost estimates for prototype lens production. The workflow centered on the XML data exchange facilitates rapid cost estimate retrieval and eliminates the need for redundant manual data entry. The XML Schema Definition (XSD) for the XML format can be used with Microsoft developer tools to automatically create. NET classes to serialize and deserialize the singlet lens data to/from XML files. The format provides flexible unit specification for most parameters. Choosing XML as the basis for the file format has provided several benefits, such as the above mentioned automated serialization capabilities in. NET, a human-readable text-based format, and ready support for consumption by web services.

关键词： Lens design software manufacturing ISO 10110 singlet lens specification XML programming interfaces

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Casual Notebooks and Rigid Scripts: Understanding Data Science programming

Casual Notebooks and Rigid Scripts: Understanding Data Scien...

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Subramanian, Krishna Hamdan, Nur Borchers, Jan Rhein Westfal TH Aachen D-52074 Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169019

Data workers are non-professional data scientists who often use scripting languages like R, Python, or MATLAB, and employ an exploratory programming workflow. Current IDEs offer them two main programming modalities: script files and computational notebooks. To understand how these modalities impact work practice, we conducted a study with 21 data workers, and a subsequent larger survey with 62 respondents. Through interviews, walkthroughs, and screen recordings, we collected information about their workflows. Our analysis shows a tension between scripts and computational notebooks. Scripts are more common, better support storage and execution of previous analyses, but hinder experimentation. Notebooks better suit the actual data science workflow, but can become easily unorganized. We discuss how this dual nature of modality usage leads to several issues that affect data workers' workflows, and discuss implications for the design of programming IDEs.

关键词： scripting languages exploratory programming programming interfaces data science notebooks

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The building blocks of coding: a comparison of early childhood coding toys

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INFORMATION AND LEARNING SCIENCES 2019年第7-8期120卷 505-518页

作者： Clarke-Midura, Jody Lee, Victor R. Shumway, Jessica F. Hamilton, Megan M. Utah State Univ Dept Instruct Technol & Learning Sci Logan UT 84322 USA Stanford Univ Grad Sch Educ Stanford CA 94305 USA Utah State Univ Sch Teacher Educ & Leadership Logan UT 84322 USA

Purpose - This paper aims to be a think piece that promotes discussion around the design of coding toys for children. In particular, the authors examine three different toys that have some sort of block-based coding interface. The authors juxtapose three different design features and the demands they place on young children learning to code. To examine the toys, the authors apply a framework developed based on Gibson's theory of affordances and Palmer's external representations. The authors look specifically at the toys: interface design, intended play scenario and representational conventions for computational ideas. Design/methodology/approach - As a research team, the authors have been playing with toys, observing their own children play with the toys and using them in kindergarten classrooms. In this paper, the authors reflect specifically on the design of the toys and the demands they place on children. Findings - The authors make no claims about whether one toy/design approach is superior to another. However, the differences that the authors articulate should serve as a provocation for researchers and designers to be mindful about what demands and expectations they place on young children as they learn to code and use code to learn in any given system. Research limitations/implications - As mentioned above, the authors want to start a discussion about design of these toys and how they shape children's experience with coding. Originality/value - There is a push to get coding and computational thinking into K-12, but there is not enough research on what this looks like in early childhood. Further, while research is starting to emerge on block-based programming vs text-based for older children and adults, little research has been done on the representational form of code for young children. The authors hope to start a discussion on design of coding toys for children.

关键词： Early childhood Children Computer science Coding toys Loops programming interfaces

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Architecting Persistent Memory Systems

Architecting Persistent Memory Systems

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作者： Kolli, Aasheesh University of Michigan

学位级别：Ph.D.

The imminent release of 3D XPoint memory by Intel and Micron looks set to end the long wait for affordable persistent memory. Persistent memories combine the persistence of disk with DRAM-like performance, blurring the traditional divide between a byte-addressable, volatile main memory and a block-addressable, persistent storage (e.g., SSDs). One of the most disruptive potential use cases for persistent memories is to host in-memory recoverable data structures. These recoverable data structures may be directly modified by programmers using user-level processor load and store instructions, rather than relying on performance sapping software intermediaries like the operating and file systems. Ensuring the recoverability of these data structures requires programmers to have the ability to control the order of updates to persistent memory. Current systems do not provide efficient mechanisms (if any) to enforce the order in which store instructions update the physical main memory. Recently proposed memory persistency models allow programmers to specify constraints on the order in which stores can be written-back to main memory. While ordering constraints are necessary for recoverability, they are expensive to enforce due to the high write-latencies exhibited by popular persistent memory technologies. Moreover, reasoning about recovery correctness using memory persistency models in addition to ensuring necessary concurrency control in multi-threaded programs drastically increases programming burden. This thesis aims at increasing the adoption of persistent memories through a) improving the performance of recoverable data structures and b) simplifying persistent memory programming. Software transaction abstractions developed using recently proposed memory persistency models are expected to be widely used by regular programmers to exploit the advantages of persistent memory. This thesis shows that a straightforward implementation of transactions imposes many unnecessary con

关键词： Novel computer architectures programming interfaces and software optimizations to maximize the benefits of persistent memory. Thesis

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