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Join token: A language mechanism for programming interactive games

ENTERTAINMENT COMPUTING 2012年第2期3卷 19-25页

作者： Nishimori, Taketoshi Kuno, Yasushi Univ Tsukuba Grad Sch Business Sci Bunkyo Ku Tokyo3-29-1 Otsuka Tokyo 1120012 Japan

In the video game software industry, scripting languages have been used to alleviate the complexity of game development. Much of this complexity resides in managing game characters' multiple concurrent activities. However, current scripting languages seem to lack support for interactions among multiple concurrent activities in a state-dependent manner. To overcome this problem, we propose a mechanism called "join token'' in which the states of game characters can be expressed as tokens and interactions can be described as handlers involving multiple tokens. For the purpose of evaluation, we have developed a game scripting language called "Mogemoge'', and we have written several sample games in this language. In this paper, we explain the join token, the design/implementation of Mogemoge, and its evaluation through a sample game. (C) 2011 International Federation for Information Processing Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Video game programming language Scripting language

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DNA Microarrays as a Tool for Neurosciences Research

DNA Microarrays as a Tool for Neurosciences Research

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作者： James D. Eudy Lynette Smith

DNA microarray technology is a useful tool to further our understanding of underlying biological pathways governing the behavior of cells and tissues. In fact, microarrays have evolved over the last 10 years or so to become one of the major technologies utilized in biomedical research. This chapter will provide a brief history of the development of DNA microarray technology, a brief survey of widely accepted microarray platforms, and then expand upon critical components of DNA microarray experimentation necessary to ensure optimal outcomes in a given microarray experiment. Topics covered will include the necessity of a good initial experimental design, quality control issues with respect to input RNA or DNA, appropriate use of biological replicates relevant to a given biological question, and analysis strategies employed to extract meaningful results from a microarray *** microarray technology is a useful tool to further our understanding of underlying biological pathways governing the behavior of cells and tissues. In fact, microarrays have evolved over the last 10 years or so to become one of the major technologies utilized in biomedical research. This chapter will provide a brief history of the development of DNA microarray technology, a brief survey of widely accepted microarray platforms, and then expand upon critical components of DNA microarray experimentation necessary to ensure optimal outcomes in a given microarray experiment. Topics covered will include the necessity of a good initial experimental design, quality control issues with respect to input RNA or DNA, appropriate use of biological replicates relevant to a given biological question, and analysis strategies employed to extract meaningful results from a microarray experiment.

关键词： Nucleic Acid Microarray Image Analysis Cell And Tissue Culture RNA Extraction Agarose Gel Electrophoresis Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry Contact Lithography Photolithography Affymetrix SNP Array In Vitro Transcription Column Chromatography Gene Expression Analysis Principal Component Analysis Differential Expression Analysis Microarray Data analysis programming language DNA RNA Hybridization Analysis Normalization Gene expression

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Implementation and Application of Pulsed Interleaved Excitation for Dual-Color FCS and RICS

Implementation and Application of Pulsed Interleaved Excitat...

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作者： Jelle Hendrix Don C. Lamb

Pulsed interleaved excitation (PIE) employs pulsed laser sources that are interleaved such that differentially colored fluorophores can be measured or imaged quasi-simultaneously in the absence of spectral crosstalk. PIE improves the robustness and reduces data analysis complexity of many fluorescence techniques, such as fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS) and raster image cross-correlation spectroscopy (ccRICS), two methods used for quantitative investigation of molecular interactions in vitro and in living cells. However, as PIE is most often used for fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy and burst analysis experiments and utilizes time-correlated single-photon counting detection and advanced optoelectronics, it has remained a technique that is mostly used by specialized single-molecule research groups. This protocols chapter provides an accessible overview of PIE for anyone considering implementing the method on a homebuilt or commercial microscope. We give details on the instrumentation, data collection and analysis software, on how to properly set up and align a PIE microscope, and finally, on how to perform proper dual-color FCS and RICS experiments. less

关键词： Raster Image Correlation Spectroscopy Fluorescence Cross-correlation Spectroscopy Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) Confocal Microscopy Fluorescence Fluctuation Spectroscopy FRET Scanning Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy Fluorescence Detection Image Analysis Data analysis programming language Lens CLSM FCS Time-correlated single-photon counting FCCS Pulsed interleaved excitation RICS ccRICS

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Reverse Engineering Transcriptional Gene Networks

Reverse Engineering Transcriptional Gene Networks

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作者： Vincenzo Belcastro Diego Bernardo

The aim of this chapter is a step-by-step guide on how to infer gene networks from gene expression profiles. The definition of a gene network is given in Subheading 1, where the different types of networks are discussed. The chapter then guides the readers through a data-gathering process in order to build a compendium of gene expression profiles from a public repository. Gene expression profiles are then discretized and a statistical relationship between genes, called mutual information (MI), is computed. Gene pairs with insignificant MI scores are then discarded by applying one of the described pruning steps. The retained relationships are then used to build up a Boolean adjacency matrix used as input for a clustering algorithm to divide the network into modules (or communities). The gene network can then be used as a hypothesis generator for discovering gene function and analyzing gene signatures. Some case studies are presented, and an online web-tool called Netview is described. less

关键词： Microarray Statistical Calculation Electron Microscopy (EM) Immunofluorescence Immunoprecipitation STRING Pathway Or Network Visualization programming language Database Management System Felis catus Mutual information Reverse engineering Gene network

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JGroovy: An alternative approach to implement extensible Java compiler

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IEEJ TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING 2013年第4期8卷 380-386页

作者： Sateanpattanakul, Siwadol Hamamoto, Kazuhiko Walairacht, Aranya King Mongkuts Inst Technol Ladkrabang Fac Engn Dept Comp Engn Bangkok 10520 Thailand Tokai Univ Sch Informat & Telecommun Engn Dept Informat Media Technol Minato Ku Tokyo 1088619 Japan

The main reason for the invention of computer programming languages is for these languages to express a command-to-control machine behavior. Some of these programming languages have specific advantages that are used in specific environments such as structured query language (SQL), hypertext markup language (HTML), and spreadsheet. The common definitions of these languages are domain-specific languages (DSLs). Although DSLs are the best way to deal with specific systems, it is hard to use with other environments or platforms. Groovy is a dynamic programming language that runs on the Java virtual machine. Groovy has some features that allow programmers to manage DSLs within its unique style. Groovy has some disadvantages because it does not support all Java features and syntax while also producing unnecessary byte code during compilation. This paper proposes an extended-architecture technique to implement a computer programming language and compiler through extending Java with Groovy language. The extensible language is called JGroovy'. And JGroovy is supported both by Java and Groovy language. We implement the compiler for JGroovy and call it the JGroovy compiler' (JGC). By its extended architecture, JGC is more compatible for Java source code than Javac can claim to be. And it also produces a better and more compact byte code than the Groovy compiler, with an approximate improvement of 8-12%. (c) 2013 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

关键词： programming language Java language specification Java virtual machine compiler construction

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CPL: Failed Venture or Noble Ancestor?

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IEEE ANNALS OF THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING 2013年第3期35卷 55-63页

作者： Hartley, David Univ Cambridge Clare Coll Cambridge CB2 1TN England

In a personal account, the author chronicles the joint effort by the University Mathematical Laboratory at Cambridge and the Institute of Computer Science in London to develop the programming language CPL in the early 1960s. Although the project failed to achieve all its aspirations, it did lay important groundwork by establishing some of the basic principles that underlie today's programming languages.

关键词： Cambridge Christopher Strachey Computers CPL Educational institutions Ferranti Atlas High level languages history of computing Institute of Computer Science Laboratories Martin Richards Operating systems programming programming language University Mathematical Laboratory

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The essential similarity and differences between mathematical modeling and programming

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER programming 2013年第9期78卷 1208-1211页

作者： Berry, Daniel M. Univ Waterloo Cheriton Sch Comp Sci Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

This note describes mathematical modeling and programming and determines that they are essentially the same activity. However, differences in the way that the products of the two activities are used force them to be applied in very different ways with very different goals. A result of these differences is that programming is harder than mathematical modeling, in that the model that the former produces must be more complete than the model that the latter produces. This note concludes with questions raised to encourage a discussion on the issues.

关键词： Abstract model Exceptions Mathematical modeling Mathematical notation programming programming language

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Nested Atomic Sections with Thread Escape: An Operational Semantics 14

Nested Atomic Sections with Thread Escape: An Operational Se...

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14th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies (PDCAT)

作者： Dabrowski, Frederic Loulergue, Frederic Pinsard, Thomas Univ Orleans ENSI Bourges LIFO EA 4022 Orleans France

We consider a simple imperative language with fork/join parallelism and lexically scoped nested atomic sections from which threads can escape. In this context, our contribution is a formal operational semantics of thi... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781479924189

关键词： formal methods operational semantics atomic section programming language

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To Scratch or not to Scratch - a Reflection

To Scratch or not to Scratch - a Reflection

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8th International Conference on E-Learning

作者： Zeeman, Malie North West Univ Vanderbijlpark South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781909507289

This paper investigates the extent to which the Scratch programming language has been accepted as an electronic teaching tool among teachers in South Africa. Information Technology (IT) was identified as a scarce skill in the Birchwood Declaration (2007) released by the South African Department of Education, a problem compounded by the declining number of the students who enrol in IT-subjects at school. Scratch was introduced as an eLearning tool in the IT curriculum as part of an effort to address this issue (NCS 2012). Through the use of this tool, learners can be taught basic programming principles in a visual and interactive way. Although several studies on Scratch as a programming teaching tool have been conducted in other countries, such as the United States of America, the aim of this study is to determine how teachers in South Africa perceive the use of Scratch as a teaching tool during the first year of implementation. A mixed-method research approach, utilising both qualitative and quantitative research methods, was selected. The findings show a definite change in the attitude of teachers towards Scratch as an eLearning tool, from initial scepticism to a more positive attitude later on in the year. However, some concerns were raised which should be noted and addressed in order to ensure that this tool adds value to the teaching and learning experience in class. The findings of this study could pave the way for the implementation of Scratch at first-year level, particularly as an introduction to programming courses. This could serve to bridge the gap between the schooling system and university in terms of the development of critical thinking-skills.

关键词： scratch programming language computer science education

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RABID - A General Distributed R Processing Framework Targeting Large Data-set Problems

RABID - A General Distributed R Processing Framework Targeti...

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IEEE International Congress on Big Data

作者： Lin, Hao Yang, Shuo Midkiff, Samuel P. Purdue Univ Elect & Comp Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Huawei Technol R&D Ctr Santa Clara CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769550060

Large-scale data mining and deep data analysis are in high demand in modern enterprises. This work describes the RABID (R Analytics for BIg Data) framework to provide a highly parallel R. We achieve the goal of providing data analysts with an easy-to-use R interface to effectively perform deep data analysis on clusters by integrating R and a MapReduce-like platform. By leveraging a distributed runtime system, our framework enables R, the single-threaded language, to efficiently perfrom parallel analysis of data that cannot fit into a single shared memory machine in parallel. Experiments of data mining benchmarks on our framework show promising results.

关键词： distributed systems programming language data mining

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