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CHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Jiang, Peiling Sun, Fuling Xia, Haijun Univ Calif San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394215

Logging is a widely used technique for inspecting and understanding programs. However, the presentation of logs still often takes its ancient form of a linear stream of text that resides in a terminal, console, or log file. Despite its simplicity, interpreting log output is often challenging due to the large number of textual logs that lack structure and context. We conducted content analysis and expert interviews to understand the practices and challenges inherent in logging. These activities demonstrated that the current representation of logs does not provide the rich structures programmers need to interpret them or the program's behavior. We present Log-it, a logging interface that enables programmers to interactively structure and visualize logs in situ. A user study with novices and experts showed that Log-it's syntax and interface have a minimal learning curve, and the interactive representations and organizations of logs help programmers easily locate, synthesize, and understand logs.

关键词： programming support Program comprehension Visualization

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Training industrial end-user programmers with interactive tutorials

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2023年第3期53卷 729-747页

作者： Ritschel, Nico Sawant, Anand Ashok Weintrop, David Holmes, Reid Bacchelli, Alberto Garcia, Ronald Chandrika, K. R. Mandal, Avijit Francis, Patrick Shepherd, David C. Univ British Columbia Dept Comp Sci Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Univ Calif Davis Dept Comp Sci Davis CA 95616 USA Univ Maryland Coll Educ College Pk MD USA Univ Zurich Dept Informat Zurich Switzerland ABB Corp Res Bangalore Karnataka India UserVoice Inc Raleigh NC USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Dept Comp Sci Richmond VA USA

Newly released robot programming tools have made it feasible for end-users to program industrial robots by combining block-based languages and lead-through programming. To use these systems effectively, end-users, who usually have limited or no programming experience, require training. To train users, tutoring systems are often used for block-based programming-some even for lead-through programming-but no tutorial system combines these two types of programming. We present CoBlox Interactive Tutorials (CITs), a novel tutoring approach that teaches how to use both the hardware and software components that comprise a typical end-user robot programming environment. As users switch between the two programming styles, CITs provide them with extensive scaffolding, give users immediate feedback on missteps, and provide guidance on next steps. To evaluate CITs, we conducted a study with 79 industrial end-users using a programming environment released by ABB Robotics that compares our approach to training with training videos, the most commonly used training in industry. This study, one of the largest to date on training professional end-users, found that CIT-trained users authored more correct programs in less time than video-trained users. This shows that a tight integration of hardware and software concepts is crucial to training end-users to program industrial robots.

关键词： end-user programming programming support robotics tutorials user study

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Concept-Annotated Examples for Library Comparison 22

Concept-Annotated Examples for Library Comparison

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35th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST)

作者： Yan, Litao Kim, Miryung Hartmann, Bjorn Zhang, Tianyi Glassman, Elena L. Harvard Univ Cambridge MA 02138 USA UC Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450393201

Programmers often rely on online resources-such as code examples, documentation, blogs, and Q&A forums-to compare similar libraries and select the one most suitable for their own tasks and contexts. However, this comparison task is often done in an ad-hoc manner, which may result in suboptimal choices. Inspired by Analogical Learning and Variation Theory, we hypothesize that rendering many concept-annotated code examples from diferent libraries side-by-side can help programmers (1) develop a more comprehensive understanding of the libraries' similarities and distinctions and (2) make more robust, appropriate library selections. We designed a novel interactive interface, PARALIB, and used it as a technical probe to explore to what extent many side-by-side concepted-annotated examples can facilitate the library comparison and selection process. A within-subjects user study with 20 programmers shows that, when using PARALIB, participants made more consistent, suitable library selections and provided more comprehensive summaries of libraries' similarities and diferences.

关键词： Sensemaking programming support visualization

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High returns on low code

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Engineering and Technology 2020年第9期15卷 56-57页

作者： Farish, Mike

The cost of bespoke software to improve an organisation’s efficiency can be hefty, even negate the savings they are intended to make. There is another way that can be cheaper, quicker and provide a better end solution. MURATA POWER Systems designs and makes electrical power elements through its nine engineering design centres and four manufacturing sites in China, the US and UK.

关键词： ERP web development data model standards Industrial applications of IT continuous improvement team Manufacturing and industrial administration Production engineering computing development timescales smart factory innovation recording automatic programming time-to-value advantages Manufacturing systems manufacturing companies monitoring software tools mobile development reporting production engineering computing inventory management checking Software management programming support software development management IT specialist low-code software development Production management time-to-effort savings enterprise resource planning factory automation

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Bugs as Features: Describing Patterns in Student Code through a Classification of Bugs

Bugs as Features: Describing Patterns in Student Code throug...

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ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Malysheva, Yana Kelleher, Caitlin Washington Univ St Louis MO 63130 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450368193

Code puzzles can be an engaging way to learn programming concepts, but getting stuck in a puzzle can be discouraging when no help or feedback is available. Intelligent tutoring systems can provide automatic individualized help, but they rely on having a robust and useful representation of student state. One common challenge for Intelligent tutoring systems in the programming domain is a large state space of possible students states. We propose a constrained set of features of student code based on detecting and classifying the bugs present in the code.

关键词： Code puzzles parsons problems novice programming programming support human-computer collaboration

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Visualizing API Usage Examples at Scale 18

Visualizing API Usage Examples at Scale

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CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Glassman, Elena L. Zhang, Tianyi Hartmann, Bjoern Kim, Miryung Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA UC Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356206

Using existing APIs properly is a key challenge in programming, given that libraries and APIs are increasing in number and complexity. Programmers often search for online code examples in Q&A forums and read tutorials and blog posts to learn how to use a given API. However, there are often a massive number of related code examples and it is difficult for a user to understand the commonalities and variances among them, while being able to drill down to concrete details. We introduce an interactive visualization for exploring a large collection of code examples mined from open-source repositories at scale. This visualization summarizes hundreds of code examples in one synthetic code skeleton with statistical distributions for canonicalized statements and structures enclosing an API call. We implemented this interactive visualization for a set of Java APIs and found that, in a lab study, it helped users (1) answer significantly more API usage questions correctly and comprehensively and (2) explore how other programmers have used an unfamiliar API.

关键词： API code examples programming support interactive visualization

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Interactive Extraction of Examples from Existing Code

Interactive Extraction of Examples from Existing Code

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CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Head, Andrew Glassman, Elena L. Hartmann, Bjorn Hearst, Marti A. Univ Calif Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450356206

Programmers frequently learn from examples produced and shared by other programmers. However, it can be challenging and time-consuming to produce concise, working code examples. We conducted a formative study where 12 participants made examples based on their own code. This revealed a key hurdle: making meaningful simplifications without introducing errors. Based on this insight, we designed a mixed-initiative tool, CodeScoop, to help programmers extract. executable, simplified code from existing code. CodeScoop enables programmers to-scoop" out a relevant subset of code. Techniques include selectively including control structures and recording an execution trace that allows authors to substitute literal values for code and variables. In a controlled study with 19 participants, CodeScoop helped programmers extract executable code examples with the intended behavior more easily than with a standard code editor.

关键词： programming support example sharing

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Suggesting API Usage to Novice Programmers with the Example Guru 17

Suggesting API Usage to Novice Programmers with the Example ...

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ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Ichinco, Michelle Hnin, Wint Yee Kelleher, Caitlin L. Washington Univ St Louis MO 63130 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450346559

Programmers, especially novices, often have difficulty learning new APIs (Application programming Interfaces). Existing research has not fully addressed novice programmers' unawareness of all available API methods. To help novices discover new and appropriate uses for API methods, we designed a system called the Example Guru. The Example Guru suggests context-relevant API methods based on each programmer's code. The suggestions provide contrasting examples to demonstrate how to use the API methods. To evaluate the effectiveness of the Example Guru, we ran a study comparing novice programmers' use of the Example Guru and documentation-inspired API information. We found that twice as many participants accessed the Example Guru suggestions compared to documentation and that participants used more than twice as many new API methods after accessing suggestions than documentation.

关键词： APIs novice programming programming support examples

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An Exploratory Study of the Usage of Different Educational Resources in an Independent Context

An Exploratory Study of the Usage of Different Educational R...

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IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Hnin, Wint Ichinco, Michelle Kelleher, Caitlin Washington Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn St Louis MO 63130 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538604434

There are a variety of learning resources with the potential to support children in learning programming independently. While many of them have been evaluated in laboratory settings, we know little about how children choose to use these resources on their own. We conducted a study organized around a film festival to explore children's open-ended use of four different learning supports: tutorials, code puzzles, in-application documentation and code suggestions. The study began with a workshop to introduce the programming environment and available tools, continued through two weeks of home use, and culminated in a film festival. Results suggest that participants leveraged in-context forms of help most frequently, but valued documentation for question-answering and suggestions for opportunistic learning.

关键词： novice programming programming support tutorials code puzzles examples documentation

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Ibm :: 360 :: Bos Bps :: C24-3420-0 Bps Bos programming Systems Summary Aug65

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2016年

[Auto Generated] IBM System/360 Basic Pro'gramming support and IBM Basic Operating System/360 programming Systems ................................................ 5

关键词： additional features aug65 basic basic operating basic programming c24-3420-0 card reader control control program disk ibm ibm basic magnetic tape main storage program programming programming support programs storage summary system systems tape utility programs

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