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Design and implementation of a tracer driver: Easy and efficient dynamic analyses of constraint logic programs

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF LOGIC programming 2008年第5-6期8卷 581-609页

作者： Langevine, Ludovic Ducasse, Mireille Mission Crit IT B-1420 Braine Lalleud Belgium INSA Rennes IRISA F-35042 Rennes France

Tracers provide users with useful information about program executions. In this article, we propose a "tracer driver". From a single tracer, it provides a powerful front-end enabling multiple dynamic analysis tools to be easily implemented, while limiting the overhead of the trace generation. The relevant execution events are specified by flexible event patterns and a large variety of trace data can be given either systematically or "on demand". The proposed tracer driver has been designed in the context of constraint logic programming (CLP);experiments have been made within GNU-Prolog. Execution views provided by existing tools have been easily emulated with a negligible overhead. Experimental measures show that the flexibility and power of the described architecture lead to good performance. The tracer driver overhead is inversely proportional to the average time between two traced events. Whereas the principles of the tracer driver are independent of the traced programming language, it is best suited for high-level languages, such as CLP, where each traced execution event encompasses numerous low-level execution steps. Furthermore, CLP is especially hard to debug. The current environments do not provide all the useful dynamic analysis tools. They can significantly benefit froth our tracer driver which enables dynamic analyses to be integrated at a very low cost.

关键词： Software engineering Debugging Execution trace analysis Execution monitoring Execution tracing Execution visualization programming environment Constraint logic programming

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Accessible Software Verification with Dafny

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2017年第6期34卷 94-97页

作者： Leino, K. Rustan M. Microsoft Res Software Engn Grp Washington DC 98052 USA Imperial Coll Londons Dept Comp London England

Formal software verification includes specifications, tools, and interactivity with the developer. By combining these key components into a programming language and a familiar programming environment with high automat... 详细信息

关键词： Formal Specification Program Verification programming environments programming Languages Software Tools Software Verification Dafny Formal Specifications Software Tools Interactivity programming Language programming environment Formal Verification Software Reliability Software Development Encoding Cognition Software Verification Dafny IDE Imperative Procedures Lemma Proofs Software Engineering Software Development Reliable Code

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VISUAL KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1990年第10期16卷 1164-1177页

作者： EISENSTADT, M DOMINGUE, J RAJAN, T MOTTA, E Human Cognition Research Laboratory The Open University Milton Keynes England Symbolics (UK) Ltd. High Wycombe Bucks England

The knowledge engineer is only weakly supported at three critical stages in the knowledge engineering life cycle: (1) knowledge acquisition during which problem conceptualization must largely be tackled with paper and pencil; (2) knowledge encoding, during which it is frequently necessary to be able to navigate across a variety of knowledge representation formalisms; and (3) large-scale debugging, in which the graphical rule traces cannot cope with enormous rule sets involving hundreds or thousands of rules. The research described attempts to provide just such support through complementary visual programming (VP) and program visualization (PV) techniques embedded in a fully implemented software environment called KEATS: the knowledge engineer\'s assistant. Several novel visual programming and program visualization techniques aimed at knowledge engineers have been developed, which include (1) a hypertext transcript analyzer from which conceptual models can be generated, (2) a direct graph manipulation sketchpad which allows the knowledge engineer to sketch out objects and relations (including control flow and rule dependencies) from which code can be generated, and (3) dependency viewers which allow the knowledge engineer to examine and manipulate temporal and logical rule dependencies at different levels of granularity. How these facilities are incorporated into KEATS and the key themes that emerge from this approach to visual knowledge engineering are discussed.

关键词： Artificial intelligence knowledge acquisition knowledge engineering program visualization programming environment visual programming

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DISTRIBUTED-programming WITH LOGIC TUPLE SPACES

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NEW GENERATION COMPUTING 1994年第3期12卷 251-284页

作者： CIANCARINI, P 1. University of Bologna Piazza Porta S. Donato 5 40127 Bologna Italy

From the point of view of distributed programming one of the most interesting communication mechanisms is associative tuple matching in a shared dataspace, as exemplified in the Linda coordination language. Linda has been used as a coordination layer to parallelize several sequential programming languages, such as C and Scheme. In this paper we study the combination of Linda with a logic language, whose result is the language Extended Shared Prolog (ESP). We show that ESP is based on a new programming model called PoliS, that extends Linda with Multiple Tuple Spaces. A class of applications for ESP is discussed, introducing the concept of ''open multiple tuple spaces''. Finally, we show how the distributed implementation of ESP uses the network version of Linda's tuple space.

关键词： DISTRIBUTED programming programming MODELS COORDINATION PROLOG programming environment

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ProNet: A policy network environment

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ANNALS OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS 2004年第1-2期59卷 70-87页

作者： Fidalgo, JF Sadok, DFH Kelner, J Fidalgo, RDN Univ Fed Pernambuco Informat Ctr BR-50732970 Recife PE Brazil

Network and business management convergence is seen as the next step towards harmonizing information technology resource allocation with target business goals. This paper proposes a management platform that starts at the specification of business targets in the form of policies and goes all the way to enforcing them in a next generation Quality of Service aware network. We specified both a policy language and a parser and also implemented procedures for mapping policies into underlying network mechanisms. Furthermore, case studies presented in this paper show performance results of network services controlled by such policies.

关键词： networking telecommunication network network management quality of service decision rule description language programming environment case study

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BUILDING FLEXIBLE REAL-TIME SYSTEMS USING THE FLEX LANGUAGE

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COMPUTER 1991年第5期24卷 70-78页

作者： KENNY, KB LIN, KJ UNIV ILLINOIS DEPT COMP SCI URBANA IL 61801 USA

The design and implementation of a real-time programming language called Flex, which is a derivative of C++, are presented. It is shown how different types of timing requirements might be expressed and enforced in Flex, how they might be fulfilled in a flexible way using different program models, and how the programming environment can help in making binding and scheduling decisions. The timing constraint primitives in Flex are easy to use yet powerful enough to define both independent and relative timing constraints. Program models like imprecise computation and performance polymorphism can carry out flexible real-time programs. In addition, programmers can use a performance measurement tool that produces statistically correct timing models to predict the expected execution time of a program and to help make binding decisions. A real-time programming environment is also presented

关键词： C++ Flex language high level languages imprecise computation performance measurement tool performance polymorphism programming environment programming environments real-time programming language real-time systems real-time systems timing constraint primitives timing requirements

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Parallel programming and performance evaluation with the URSA tool family

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PARALLEL programming 1998年第5期26卷 541-561页

作者： Park, I Voss, M Armstrong, B Eigenmann, R Purdue Univ Sch Elect & Comp Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

This paper contributes to the solution of several open problems with parallel programming tools and their integration with performance evaluation environments. First, we propose interactive compilation scenarios instead of the usual black-box-oriented use of compiler tools. In such scenarios, information gathered by the compiler and the compiler's reasoning are presented to the user in meaningful ways and on-demand. Second, a tight integration of compilation and performance analysis tools is advocated. Many of the existing, advanced instruments for gathering performance results are being used in the presented environment and their results are combined in integrated views with compiler information and data from other tools. Initial instruments that assist users in "data mining" this information are presented and the need for much stronger facilities is explained. The URSA Family provides two tools addressing these issues. URSA MINOR supports a group of users at a specific site, such as a research or development project. URSA MAJOR complements this tool by making available the gathered results to the user community at large via the World-wide Web. This paper presents objectives, functionality, experience, and next development steps of the URSA tool family. Two case studies are presented that illustrate the use of the tools for developing and studying parallel applications and for evaluating parallelizing compilers.

关键词： parallel programming programming environment performance evaluation program optimization web-based tool

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Creating sophisticated development tools with OmniBrowser

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COMPUTER LANGUAGES SYSTEMS & STRUCTURES 2008年第2-3期34卷 109-129页

作者： Bergel, Alexandre Ducasse, Stephane Putney, Colin Wuyts, Roel Trinity Coll Dublin LERO & DSG Dublin Ireland Univ Savoie LISTIC Le Bourget Du Lac France Univ Bern CH-3012 Bern Switzerland Univ Libre Bruxelles Brussels Belgium

Smalltalk is not only an object-oriented programming language;it is also known for its extensive integrated development environment supporting interactive and dynamic programming. While the default tools are adequate for browsing the code and developing applications, it is often cumbersome to extend the environment to support new language constructs or to build additional tools supporting new ways of navigating and presenting source code. In this paper, we present the OmniBrowser, a browser framework that supports the definition of browsers based on an explicit metamodel. With OmniBrowser a domain model is described in a graph and the navigation in this graph is specified in its associated metagraph. We present how new browsers are built from predefined parts and how new tools are easily described. The browser framework is implemented in the Squeak Smalltalk environment. This paper shows several concrete instantiations of the framework: a remake of the ubiquitous Smalltalk system browser, a coverage browser, the Duo Browser and the dynamic protocols browser. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： programming environment meta-description graphical user interface domain modelling

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DETERMINATION OF DEPENDENCIES IN A KNOWLEDGE-BASED PARALLELIZATION TOOL

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PARALLEL COMPUTING 1988年第1-3期8卷 111-119页

作者： BRANDES, T FB Mathematik/Informatik University of Marburg D-3550 Marburg Lahnberge Fed. Rep. Germany

With vector and parallel hardware high execution rates are possible, but mostly an adaption of a program to this hardware is required. For automatic adaptions information about the dependencies between the variable accesses is needed as these dependencies have to be observed for every program transformation. There are a number of dependencies tests comparing the subscripts of array variables. But these tests are inadequate to be used in a knowledge-based interactive parallelization tool, e.g. for a programming environment, as they require loop normalization and they are difficult to understand. Additionally, most of them can only be used to show where dependencies have not be assumed, but not to show where dependencies really exist. In this paper a knowledge-based method for the dependency determination is presented which has not these disadvantages. It is intended to be more understandable than the tests used by now and to be more general and easier to extend.

关键词： Parallelization programming environment knowledge-bases dependency

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A DISTRIBUTED FILE SERVER FOR EMBEDDED APPLICATIONS

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1988年第5期3卷 142-148页

作者： MUKHERJEE, A KRAMER, J MAGEE, J ADV TECHNOL INST CALCUTTA 700064INDIA UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI & TECHNOL DEPT COMPLONDON SW7 2BZENGLAND

This paper describes the design and implementation of a distributed file system (dfs) for embedded applications. The services provided in dfs include transaction management, file management and file access. Client processes use message passing to access these services. The file system provides client processes with different types of files. These includereplicatedfiles, with identical copies stored at multiple nodes, andconsistentfiles, stored at a single node. Both are accessed only within transactions. Multiple readers or a single writer are allowed access to the files, and updates are performed atomically using a co-ordinated commit protocol over multiple sites. A novel concurrency control algorithm which provides deterministic response and avoids deadlock has been designed to resolve contention. Other types of file are also provided for low-overhead storage of less critical data. This paper motivates the need for different types of file, and describes the design and implementation of dfs using the CONIC programming environment for the construction of distributed systems.

关键词： file servers programming environments distributed processing concurrency control Computer networks and techniques CONIC programming environment protocols replicated files deterministic response transaction management distributed file server distributed systems consistent files file access embedded applications File organisation file organisation message passing Operating systems programming support commit protocol file management

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