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7th International Conference on Information Science and Technology (ICIST)

作者： Wang, Shanshan Han, Yong Wu, Wenjun Hu, Zhenghui Beihang Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn State Key Lab Software Dev Environm Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509054015

Learning outcome assessment is of great significance in the field of traditional on-campus teaching especially on the courses of programming languages. In this work, we take advantage of the data offered by our programming assignment judge system and propose a new IRT-BKT model for estimation of learning outcome. This new framework: Item Response Theory (IRT) model that estimates students' initial knowledge status, and joins it with the discrimination and difficulty of each skill estimated to evaluate the probability of knowing a skill before training it. We then estimate parameters learn, guess, and slip probabilities of Bayesian Knowledge Tracing (BKT) Model. Using real data, we show that IRT-BKT model outperforms Item Response Theory and Bayesian Knowledge Tracing in terms of prediction accuracy.

关键词： Learning Outcome programming language Item Response Theory Bayesian Knowledge Tracing

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The System for Business Automation (SBA): programming language

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Communications of the ACM 1977年第6期20卷 385-396页

作者： Zloof, Moshé M. de Jong, S. Peter IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY 10598 United States

The system for business automation (SBA) is a system within which application experts—nonprogrammers—can describe and execute their applications on a computer. The user of SBA views his application as manipulation of information in two-dimensional pictures of tables, business forms, and reports on a display terminal. He can gradually automate this application by giving “examples” to the system of how he manually manipulates the information. The Query-by-Example database language is a subset of the SBA programming language. © 1977, ACM. All rights reserved.

关键词： application programming business system specification data abstraction data flow data processing database forms flow graphics programming language query user interface

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CrowdLang: A programming language for the Systematic Exploration of Human Computation Systems 4th

<i>CrowdLang</i>: A Programming Language for the Systematic ...

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4th International Conference on Social Informatics (SocInfo)

作者： Minder, Patrick Bernstein, Abraham Univ Zurich Dynam & Distributed Informat Syst Grp CH-8006 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783642353857;9783642353864

Human computation systems are often the result of extensive lengthy trial-and-error refinements. What we lack is an approach to systematically engineer solutions based on past successful patterns. In this paper we present the CrowdLang(1) programming framework for engineering complex computation systems incorporating large crowds of networked humans and machines with a library of known interaction patterns. We evaluate CrowdLang by programming a German-to-English translation program incorporating machine translation and a monolingual crowd. The evaluation shows that CrowdLang is able to simply explore a large design space of possible problem-solving programs with the simple variation of the used abstractions. In an experiment involving 1918 different human actors, we show that the resulting translation program significantly outperforms a pure machine translation in terms of adequacy and fluency whilst translating more than 30 pages per hour and approximates the human-translated gold standard to 75%.

关键词： CrowdLang programming language HumanComputation Collective Intelligence Crowdsourcing Translation Software

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Fyr: a memory-safe and thread-safe systems programming language 19

Fyr: a memory-safe and thread-safe systems programming langu...

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34th ACM/SIGAPP Annual International Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC)

作者： Weis, Torben Waltereit, Marian Uphoff, Maximilian Univ Duisburg Essen Duisburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450359337

Fyr is an open source systems programming language that combines the versatility of C with the ease and safety of modern application programming languages such as Java and Go. Fyr uses manual memory management to support systems where memory is a scarce resource, especially networked IoT devices. Fyr guarantees memory safety and thread safety. These safety guarantees are built on a combination of compile-time type checking, control-flow checking and runtime reference counting where necessary. We show that Fyr allows for more flexibility and simpler code than Rust, especially when working with heap data structures.

关键词： Fyr memory management memory safety thread safety programming language IoT development

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An Empirical Study on Bugs in Rust programming language 24

An Empirical Study on Bugs in Rust Programming Language

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24th IEEE International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security (QRS)

作者： Yu, Sijie Wang, Ziyuan Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Comp Sci & Technol Nanjing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365634

Rust is a young systems programming language that is type and memory safe. Despite Rust's design focus on safety and correctness, bugs are inevitable in any software system, and Rust is no exception. By analyzing 10097 bug reports and 9360 related revisions in the Rust language, we found that the bugs are extremely unevenly distributed in components and source files;most of the general language features involved in Rust language bugs are Data types, Expressions and Assignment Statements, Rust-specific language features are mainly related to Traits and Ownership Systems;the main symptom of bugs is Internal Compilation Error (ICE);The bug fix work is not complicated;there is a significant correlation between priority and fix time;Semantic bugs are the most common root cause of bugs. These findings reveal some basic patterns of bugs in the Rust language, which can provide some help to Rust developers and maintainers to improve the quality of the Rust language and provide a better programming experience for users of Rust language.

关键词： Empirical study Rust Software bug programming language

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A programming language and System for Heterogeneous Cloud of Things 2

A Programming Language and System for Heterogeneous Cloud of...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Collaboration and Internet Computing (IEEE CIC)

作者： Wenger, Robert Zhu, Xiru Krishnamurthy, Jayanth Maheswaran, Muthucumaru McGill Univ Sch Comp Sci Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781509046072

Cloud of Things (CoT) is a computing model that combines the widely popular cloud computing with Internet of Things (IoT). One of the major problems with CoT is the latency of accessing distant cloud resources from the devices, where the data is captured. To address this problem, paradigms such as fog computing and Cloudlets have been proposed to interpose another layer of computing between the clouds and devices. Such a three-layered cloud-fog-device computing architecture is touted as the most suitable approach for deploying many next generation ubiquitous computing applications. programming applications to run on such a platform is quite challenging because disconnections between the different layers are bound to happen in a large-scale CoT system, where the devices can be mobile. This paper presents a programming language and system for a three-layered CoT system. We illustrate how our language and system addresses some of the key challenges in the three-layered CoT. A proof-of-concept prototype compiler and runtime have been implemented and several example applications are developed using it.

关键词： coordination cloud of things fault tolerance heterogeneous systems programming language

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Impact of Augmented Reality on programming language Learning: Efficiency and Perception

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JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL COMPUTING RESEARCH 2018年第2期56卷 254-271页

作者： Teng, Chin-Hung Chen, Jr-Yi Chen, Zhi-Hong Yuan Ze Univ Dept Informat Commun Innovat Ctr Big Data & Digital Convergence Taoyuan Taiwan Yuan Ze Univ Dept Informat Commun Taoyuan Taiwan Natl Taiwan Normal Univ Grad Inst Informat & Comp Educ Taipei Taiwan

Although the learning of programming language is critical in science and technology education, it might be difficult for some students, especially novices. One possible reason might be the fact that programming language, especially for three-dimensional (3D) applications, is too complex and abstract for these students to understand. programming for 3D applications requires understanding the spatial relationship of 3D objects and hence needs a visualization technique more. In view of this, this article presents an augmented reality (AR)-enhanced learning system that offers visual representation and interactivity to help students learn programming for 3D applications. To examine the influences of such an AR-enhanced system on student learning, a within-group experiment with 34 college students was conducted. All students used both of an AR-enhanced version and an ordinary version. The findings revealed that the AR-enhanced version made students have better learning efficiency than the ordinary system. In addition, the AR-enhanced system also made students have enhanced perceptions in terms of system usability, flow experience, and usage perception. Based on the results, further development of AR-enhanced learning systems is also suggested and discussed.

关键词： augmented reality programming language usability perception augmented reality-based learning augmented reality learning environment

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Execution Mechanisms of Oragent-an Organisation-based programming language

Execution Mechanisms of Oragent-an Organisation-based Progra...

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12th IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (IAT)

作者： Chen, Yin Mao, Xinjun Hu, Cuiyun Natl Univ Def Technol Coll Comp Changsha Hunan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479929023

the adoption of organisation-based agent-oriented programming has been quite limited, due to the lack of programming languages which are expressive enough to tackle the complexity brought by the dynamism of multi-agent systems. Oragent is an organisation-based agent-oriented programming language which provides explicit language primitives to program organisational concepts such as agents and groups as first-class entities, and to realise adaptation of multi-agent systems via role enactment and role-based interaction. In this paper, we present the execution mechanisms for Oragent language, which support adaptation of agent behaviour via role enactment, and role-based interaction among agents. A case study is presented to demonstrate the viability of these mechanisms.

关键词： organisation agent multi-agent system execution mechanisms programming language

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A programming language for matrices operations and LATEX code generation

A programming language for matrices operations and LATEX cod...

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International Conference on Engineering & MIS (ICEMIS)

作者： Benaddy, Mohamed El Habil, Brahim Ibn Zohr Univ Agadir Polydisciplinary Fac Ouarzazate Dept Math Comp Sci & Management Lab Engn Sci & Energy Agadir Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9781509055791

In this paper we present a programming language for writing programs for matrices operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, determinant, inverse and cofactors and so on. This language operates with any dimension matrices. The instructions of this language are simple to use and learn by mathematicians at high school and to elaborate LATEX format courses with a minimal efforts, because of its simple lexical units and syntactic rules. These instructions are similar to that used in the matrices courses. So it can be used by students and or teachers without knowledge on other high level programming languages like C, C++, Java, Matlab, Scilab or other scientific programming languages.

关键词： programming language matrices operations programming language learning lexical analysis syntactic analysis

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Sim: A Contract-Based programming language for Safety-Critical Software 38

Sim: A Contract-Based Programming Language for Safety-Critic...

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IEEE/AIAA 38th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)

作者： Benoit, Tuur Siemens Ind Software Leuven Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781728106496

An important benefit of formal methods is the ability to unambiguously describe the requirements of a program and to provide evidence of the compliance of the software code with these requirements. However, formal analysis on programs written in languages that are used today in avionics can be challenging since these languages have features, such as pointers, that complicate program verification. So, to enable formal verification, one must limit the language to a subset and/or one must endure a considerable annotation overhead. This paper presents Sim, a new high-level programming language that is designed for the development and verification of safety-critical software. The Sim language has been designed so that only a small annotation overhead is needed and one can make extensive use of automatic verification tools. We show that in Sim 4 to 5 times fewer annotations are needed compared to programs written in VeriFast-C to prove equivalent properties. We additionally demonstrate that Sim is suitable as a language for avionics software development by implementing and verifying an elementary fly-by-wire application and deploying it on an STM32 microcontroller.

关键词： contracts semi-automatic verification formal methods programming language safety-critical systems

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