In many in vitro transdermal drug delivery experiments, the skin is placed within a permeation chamber, and measurements are taken every hour or so. However, during skin electroporation, significant molecular transpor...
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In many in vitro transdermal drug delivery experiments, the skin is placed within a permeation chamber, and measurements are taken every hour or so. However, during skin electroporation, significant molecular transport can occur within the first few minutes (1).In many in vitro transdermal drug delivery experiments, the skin is placed within a permeation chamber, and measurements are taken every hour or so. However, during skin electroporation, significant molecular transport can occur within the first few minutes (1).
The initial stages of tandem mass spectral data interpretation for a pro-teomics project usually involve looking for exact matches between the query spectrum and theoretical fragmentation data derived from database se...
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The initial stages of tandem mass spectral data interpretation for a pro-teomics project usually involve looking for exact matches between the query spectrum and theoretical fragmentation data derived from database sequences (1–3). A number of programs are available that use the observed peptide mass as a filter for identifying portions of database sequences with the same calculated mass prior to evaluating the congruency between the database sequence candidates and the tandem mass spectrum (4–7). These programs generally fall short when analyzing peptides whose sequences differ in a manner that alters its mass compared with the database sequence (seeNote 1 ). For example, a single conservative substitution of isoleucine for valine is sufficient to thwart algorithms that rely on peptide mass prefilters. We commonly obtain high-quality tandem mass spectral data of peptides for which no exact database match can be made, and the question remains whether these nonmatching spectra are due to novel sequences, or are a result of less interesting possibilities such as interspecies variation, database sequence errors, or unexpected pro-teolytic cleavages. less
Extracellular matrices (ECM) contain a mixture of fibrillar and nonfibrillar macromolecular components, which together form a composite structure (1–3). It is the ECM that defines the architecture, the form, and the ...
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Extracellular matrices (ECM) contain a mixture of fibrillar and nonfibrillar macromolecular components, which together form a composite structure (1–3). It is the ECM that defines the architecture, the form, and the biomechanical properties of different tissues (4,5). Among the nonfibrillar macromolecules, the highly charged proteoglycans and hyaluronan are major components that occur at high concentration and greatly influence the movement of solutes and water between the tissue and the circulation, and control the access to cells of nutrients, metabolites, growth factors, and chemokines (6–7). This local environmental regulation may have important consequences on cellular functions, especially in tissues with large dense ECMs, such as articular cartilage. less
Currently, a shift of paradigm from sequential to distributed computing can be observed. Tremendous efforts are needed to cope with the challenging demands that are inherent to this transition. The two most important ...
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Currently, a shift of paradigm from sequential to distributed computing can be observed. Tremendous efforts are needed to cope with the challenging demands that are inherent to this transition. The two most important issues concern programming support for developing large-scale distributed applications and the efficient execution of such applications on top of a distributed hardware configuration. This paper presents a new language and object-based approach called MoDiS to cope with these demands. Distributed systems are developed and transformed into executables following a systematic, top-down driven method. language-level is intended to mean that a high-level programming language is used to develop operating system services as well as user-level applications. The language-level concepts employed are based on objects and support advanced structuring features. Structural dependencies between objects are implicitly determined at the application level and exploited by the distributed resource management system to transform applications into efficient executables.
A Function Definition language (FDL) is presented. Though de-signed for describing specifications, FDL is also a general-purpose functional pro-gramming language. It uses context-free language as data type, supports p...
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A Function Definition language (FDL) is presented. Though de-signed for describing specifications, FDL is also a general-purpose functional pro-gramming language. It uses context-free language as data type, supports patternmatching definition of functions, offers several function definition forms, and is exe-cutable. It is shown that FDL has strong expressiveness, is easy to use and describesalgorithms concisely and naturally. An interpreter of FDL is introduced. Experi-ments and discussion are included.
This work describes the development of an integrated object-oriented environment for modeling, simulation and implementation of distributed real-time systems (DRTS), especially those conceived for industrial automatio...
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This work describes the development of an integrated object-oriented environment for modeling, simulation and implementation of distributed real-time systems (DRTS), especially those conceived for industrial automation. This work extends the SIMOO environment, conceived as part of a Ph.D. thesis in the CPGCC at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Its motivation began during some case studies, which concluded that existing CASE tools dont incorporate all the desired features for modeling and implementation of DRTS. Among these features, capacities to specify timing constraints, to simulate/animate the model and to automatically generate the final application code are highlighted. The proposed environment intends to overcome these lacks, adding to the original environment features for the specification of timing requirements and the application behavior, allowing the creation of an object-oriented simulation model. Additionally it automatically generates the application executable code, which makes use of the incorporated specifications to guarantee its correctness. This work has been developed within the context of the ADOORATA project (A Distributed Object-Oriented Architecture for Real-Time Automation), as part of the Brazilian-German Cooperation Program, sponsored by CNPq and DLR. ...
The motion analysis language (MAL) is designed for interactive and automatic analysis of motion measurement data. The language includes instructions for measurement, signal processing, visualisation, data storage and ...
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The motion analysis language (MAL) is designed for interactive and automatic analysis of motion measurement data. The language includes instructions for measurement, signal processing, visualisation, data storage and scientific calculations. The language interpreter is written in C++ and is already tested on MS-DOS and HP-UX operating systems. New instructions can be defined both in MAL code or by recompiling the interpreter program.
Already being adopted for traditional enterprise computing tasks,Java technology is also making its way into manufacturing ***, the programming language is still missing a few capabilitiesthat must somehow be added if...
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Already being adopted for traditional enterprise computing tasks,Java technology is also making its way into manufacturing ***, the programming language is still missing a few capabilitiesthat must somehow be added if it is to handle real-time operations inindustrial control without a hitch
Presented in this paper is a general thermal analyser for versatile heat transfer problems represented by lumped thermal systems. The analyser is mostly distinguished from existing thermal analysers by (1) using a fle...
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Presented in this paper is a general thermal analyser for versatile heat transfer problems represented by lumped thermal systems. The analyser is mostly distinguished from existing thermal analysers by (1) using a flexible language to build the input data file, (2) being capable of deleting and adding submodels at any computation time, (3) being able to manipulate thermal and heat transfer properties in the computation, and (4) being accessible to third party libraries. The analyser is also suitable for solving any physical problem which can be both represented by a system of diffusion-typed equations and formulated as a conductance and capacitance network. In addition to the detailed description of using the thermal analyser, the compiler design for the specially developed language is also elaborated.
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