Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are frequently used in manufacturing and critical infrastructures like water treatment, chemical plants, and transportation schemes. Citizens tend to take modern-day conveniences such ...
详细信息
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are frequently used in manufacturing and critical infrastructures like water treatment, chemical plants, and transportation schemes. Citizens tend to take modern-day conveniences such as trains, planes or tap water for granted without considering the critical systems involved for their operations. Interrupting these industries could lead to disastrous consequences, leading to financial losses or even costing human lives. For that reason, researchers have been actively investigating the threats targeting ICS. In this paper, the authors propose a mechanism of attack detection and mitigation for attacks focusing on the input memory of programming logic controllers (PLCs). To help investigate this concept, a testbed that models a clean water supply system was built using components and technologies currently used in the industry. The mechanism supporting attack detection and response for the input memory is implemented within the PLC itself as part of its programming. The mechanism of response involves three different techniques: optimised datablocks, switching between control strategies and obtaining the sensor readings directly from its analogue channel. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach along with the effectiveness of each response mechanism. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
This piece of work provides a hybrid power plant integrating a wind coupled with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), a super-capacitor (SC), a battery and a diesel engine (DE) set which operates without a g...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781509033102
This piece of work provides a hybrid power plant integrating a wind coupled with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), a super-capacitor (SC), a battery and a diesel engine (DE) set which operates without a grid connection. Each subsystem (e.g., wind, SC, battery, DE) has controlled through non-isolated PID/PI embedded controller power converters while the overall operation and power flow priorities are achieved through programming logic controller (PLC). According to the algorithm, the wind has the priority to meet the demand. The SC and battery modules are utilized as an energy storage devices during surplus power and/or backup during demand. A diesel engine is also added to increase the reliability of the system for 24 hours. The performance of proposed design is tested at different wind speed and load conditions for a small community at Karachi, Pakistan. MATLAB results conclude the effectiveness of proposed system in terms of power quality and load tracking.
Industrial Control System (ICS) is used to monitor and control critical infrastructures. Programmable logiccontrollers (PLCs) are major components of ICS, which are used to form automation system. It is important to ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781538606834
Industrial Control System (ICS) is used to monitor and control critical infrastructures. Programmable logiccontrollers (PLCs) are major components of ICS, which are used to form automation system. It is important to protect PLCs from any attacks and undesired incidents. However, it is not easy to apply traditional tools and techniques to PLCs for security protection and forensics because of its unique architectures. Semi-supervised machine learning algorithm, One-class Support Vector Machine (OCSVM), has been applied successfully to many anomaly detection problems. This paper proposes a novel methodology to detect anomalous events of PLC by using OCSVM. The methodology was applied to a simulated traffic light control system to illustrate its effectiveness and accuracy. Our results show that high accuracy of identification of anomalous PLC operations is obtained which can help investigators to perform PLC forensics efficiently and effectively.
Programmable logiccontrollers (PLC) are used for many industrial process control applications. Learning to write ladder logic programs for PLC control is an important and challenging task. However, the learning of la...
详细信息
Programmable logiccontrollers (PLC) are used for many industrial process control applications. Learning to write ladder logic programs for PLC control is an important and challenging task. However, the learning of ladder logic is often hindered by limited PLC availability due to expensive lab setup, limited lab time, and high student/instructor ratios. With the help of the internet, teaching is not constrained in the traditional classroom pedagogy;the instructors can put the course material on the website and allow the students go on to the course webpage as an alternative way to learn the domain knowledge. However, there is no interaction between the users and learning materials;so, the learning efficiency is often limited. The problem here is how to design a web-based system that is intelligent and adaptive enough to teach the students domain knowledge in PLC. In this research, we proposed a system architecture which combines the pre-test, cased-based reasoning (i.e., heuristic functions), tutorials and tests of the domain concepts, and post-test (i.e., including pre- and post-exam) to customize students' needs according to their knowledge levels and help them learn the PLC concepts, effectively. We have developed an intelligent tutoring system which is mainly based on the feedback and learning preference of the users' questionnaires. It includes many pictures, colorful diagrams, and interesting animations (i.e., switch control of the user's rung configuration) to attract the users' attention. From the model simulation results, a knowledge proficiency effect occurs on problem solving time. If the students are more knowledgeable about PLC concepts, they will take less time to complete problems than those who are not as proficient. Additionally, from the system experiments, the results indicate that the learning algorithm in this system is robust enough to pinpoint the most accurate error pattern (i.e., almost 90 % accuracy of mapping to the most similar error patt
with the advancements in the field of science and technology;the hardware as well as the software (programming) techniques have also been advanced to meet the market requirements. The IEC 61131-3 is the third part of ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781889335490
with the advancements in the field of science and technology;the hardware as well as the software (programming) techniques have also been advanced to meet the market requirements. The IEC 61131-3 is the third part of IEC 61131 standard;it is a standard for programming Industrial Control Systems like Programmable logiccontroller (PLC) etc. The IEC 61131-3 specifies the syntax and semantics of two textual languages, Instruction List (IL) and Structured Text (ST), and two graphical languages, Ladder Diagram (LD) and Function Block Diagram (FBD) and one Sequential Function Chart (SFC). The program can be composed of single or multiple modules implemented in any of these languages, where the each language has its own dedicated editor. In this paper, we are going to discuss the available programming languages of the IEC 61131-3 standard and their features that can help us to select the appropriate language for industrial control system as per requirements. In the past, different manufacturers had different programming concepts and methodology which led to incompatibility between systems and make the system less reliable. It also used to consume a lot of time and effort in programming and maintaining the Industrial Control Systems. This IEC standard provides a common manufacturer independent programming language which is flexible and reusable within a project and it can also be used as a library in another programs.
Aiming at low control accuracy in welding and dismounted the shunts by hand as well as too many subjective factors in manual recording data in the process of baking of aluminum reduction cell, we have designed a set o...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424486915
Aiming at low control accuracy in welding and dismounted the shunts by hand as well as too many subjective factors in manual recording data in the process of baking of aluminum reduction cell, we have designed a set of baking shunt auto control system. The system mainly contains two parts, baking shunt switch and the control system composed of programming logic controller as well as industrial personal computer, realizing the function of automatic supervision as well as recording data and analysis by itself in baking of large aluminum reduction cell.
暂无评论