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THE APPLICATION PERSPECTIVE: SEEKING PRODUCTIVITY AND PERFORMANCE

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS 2009年第4期23卷 403-408页

作者： Barkai, David Intel Corp HPC Div Digital Enterprise Grp Hillsboro OR 97124 USA

In this note we propose two projects: (1) creating a hierarchical programming model from current models;and (2) extracting application primitives from the "13 dwarfs". The first topic addresses the need for a unified and manageable framework for very large-scale concurrent execution. This is the productivity part: less complexity will drive better mapping of algorithms to architecture, which will also contribute to better performance. The second topic focuses mostly on the processor and the node with the aim of laying the groundwork for software and silicon optimized kernels. While it is understood that applications primitives are outside the scope of IESP, the motivation for introducing it here is that it is a companion issue and that increasing the efficiency of each processor provides high return for science, at all levels of system size.

关键词： programming model manycore multicore clusters applications HPC application primitives

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The Wild West: Conquest of complex Hardware-dependent Software design

The Wild West: Conquest of complex Hardware-dependent Softwa...

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46th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC 2009)

作者： Yagi, Hiroyuki Engblom, Jakob Serughetti, Marc Andrews, Jason Rosenstiel, Wolfgang Vissers, Kees Sony Corp Atsugi Kanagawa Japan Virtutech AB Stockholm Sweden CoWare Inc San Jose CA USA Cadence Design Syst Inc Ham Lake MN USA Univ Tubingen Tubingen Germany Xilinx Inc San Jose CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781605584973

Embedded SW design can be compared to the lawless wild west. With no clear methodology and no standard multi core platform modeling environment every company has to improvise its own solution. The problems facing embedded software users are becoming more complex since: • Hardware platforms become very complicated with many heterogeneous processors, complicated memory structure and interconnect • Multiple platform configurations and platform migrations drive an explosion of the number of version that need to be developed/ maintained/ported • Processors are becoming very complicated and hard to program • Semiconductor vendors can not justify the investment required to provide a complete Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL), RTOS, etc. • It is hard to put together an embedded software development environment (platform model + HAL+ development tools) • The speed required for efficient software development is very high This panel composed of experts in the problem and solution domains will discuss the current problems and potential solutions. Copyright 2009 ACM.

关键词： Hardware-dependent Software Multiprocessors Multi-core Many-core MPSoC programming model ESL Virtual Prototyping Virtual platform Virtualization heterogeneous/homogenous multi-core symmetric/asymmetric multi-core

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Dependability, Abstraction, and programming

Dependability, Abstraction, and Programming

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14th International Conference on Database Systems for Advanced Applications

作者： Lomet, David Microsoft Res Redmond WA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783642008863

In this paper, we took at what is required to produce programs that are dependable. Dependability requires more than just high availability. Rather it program needs to be "right" as well, solving the problem for which it was designed. This requires a program development infrastructure that can, by means of appropriate abstractions, permit the programmer to focus Oil his problem, and not be distracted by "systems issues" that arise when high availability is required. We discuss the attributes of good abstractions. We then illustrate this in the programming of dependable systems. Our "abstraction" is it transparently, persistent state id programming model for use in the web enterprise setting where exactly-once execution is required. Work on this abstraction is reviewed. The new technical meat of the paper is in (1) describing how to reduce the Performance cost of using the abstractions (2) extending the flexibility of using this abstraction: (3) and showing how to exploit it to achieve dependability.

关键词： dependability abstraction application persistence availability scalability programming model enterprise applications

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Service-oriented architecture: programming model and product architecture

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IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL 2005年第4期44卷 753-780页

作者： Ferguson, DF Stockton, ML IBM Corp Software Grp Yorktown Hts NY 10598 USA IBM Corp Software Grp Bakersfield CA 93308 USA

IBM products increasingly implement a service-oriented architecture (SOA), in which programmers build services, use services, and develop solutions that aggregate services. IBM Software Group middleware products and tools support the development and deployment of SOA solutions, and increasingly make functional interfaces between components and products visible through a service model. Software Group components will increasingly use SOA standards for intracomponent communications. Our move to SOA encompasses both the programming model and lower-level infrastructure software, for example, systems-management and storage-management application programming interfaces and functions. This paper concisely defines the IBM SOA programming model and the product architecture that supports it. We provide the motivation for our programming-model and design decisions. This paper also focuses on the architectural concepts that underlie our programming model and product architecture.

关键词： .Web Services AGGREGATE business processes assemble Development Tools programming model Software Group product architecture tools support IBM SOA implement services services business

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An analytical programming model for the drain-coupling source-side injection split gate flash EEPROM

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES 2005年第3期52卷 385-391页

作者： Wang, YH Wu, MC Lin, CJ Chu, WT Lin, YT Wang, CS Cheng, KY Natl Tsing Hua Univ Dept Elect Engn Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Taiwan Semicond Mfg Co Nonvolatile Memory Div Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Univ Illinois Dept Elect & Comp Engn Urbana IL 61801 USA Univ Illinois Micro & Nanotechnol Lab Urbana IL 61801 USA

This paper presents a compact and accurate analytical model for evaluating the programming behaviors of the drain-coupling source-side injection (SSI) split-gate Flash memory. Starting with the bias-dependent and time-varying drain coupling ratio, a programming model is developed on the basis of the constant barrier height approximation and Lucky-electron model to express the full transient injection current, peak lateral electric field, and storage charge as functions of technological, physical, and electrical parameters. The extracted re-direction mean-free path of the SSI device is smaller than that of the channel hot-electron counterpart by one order of magnitude, which provides the physical intuition for the derived high injection efficiency of around 2/1000. The intrinsic coupling ratio depends only on technological parameters and is presented as the design index of the device. The usefulness of this model is its ability of constructing the complete operation plot of the time-to-program versus the programming voltage for various reliability windows and tunable technological parameters. Besides, the variance of the read current distribution of a memory array is also analytically predicted.

关键词： flash memories hot carriers programming model source-side injection (SSI) programming

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New approach to multiple attribute decision making with interval numbers

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2008年第2期19卷 304-310页

作者： Zhang Quan Gao Qisheng Geng Jinhua School of Information Engineering Shenyang Univ. of Technology Shenyang 110023 P. R. China Inst. of Complexity Science Qingdao Univ. Qingdao 266071 P. R. China

In an ambiguous decision domain, the evaluation values of alternatives against attributes would be interval numbers because of the inherent, uncertain property of the problems. By using a number of linear programming models, Bryson and Mobolurin propose an approach to compute attribute weights and overall values of the alternatives in the form of interval numbers. The intervals of the overall values of alternatives are then transformed into points or crisp values for comparisons among the alternatives. However, the attribute weights are different because of the use of linear programming models in Bryson and Mobolurin＇s approach. Thus, the alternatives are not comparable because different attribute weights are employed to calculate the overall values of the alternatives. A new approach is proposed to overcome the drawbacks of Bryson and Mobolurin＇s approach. By transforming the decision matrix with intervals into the one with crisp values, a new linear programming model is proposed, to calculate the attribute weights for conducting alternative ranking.

关键词： multiple attribute decision making interval number normalization programming model ranking.

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NRMI: Natural and efficient middleware

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 2008年第2期19卷 174-187页

作者： Tilevich, Eli Smaragdakis, Yannis Virginia Tech Dept Comp Sci Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Univ Oregon Dept Comp & Informat Sci Eugene OR 97403 USA

We present Natural Remote Method Invocation (NRMI): a middleware mechanism that provides a fully general implementation of call-by-copy-restore semantics for arbitrary linked data structures, used as parameters in remote procedure calls. Call-by-copy-restore offers a more natural programming model for distributed systems than traditional call-by-copy middleware, enabling remote calls to behave much like local calls. We discuss in depth the effects of calling semantics for middleware, describe when and why NRMI is more convenient to use than standard middleware, and present three implementations of NRMI in distinct settings, showing the generality of the approach.

关键词： middleware RPC Java call-by-copy-restore programming model

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Tapping into the fountain of CPUs - On operating system support for programmable devices

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ACM SIGPLAN NOTICES 2008年第3期43卷 179-188页

作者： Weinsberg, Yaron Dolev, Danny Anker, Tal Ben-Yehuda, Muli Wyckoff, Pete Hebrew Univ Jerusalem IL-91905 Jerusalem Israel

The constant race for faster and more powerful CPUs is drawing to a close. No longer is it feasible to significantly increase the speed of the CPU without paying a crushing penalty in power consumption and production costs. Instead of increasing single thread performance, the industry is turning to multiple CPU threads or cores (such as SMT and CMP) and heterogeneous CPU architectures (such as the Cell Broadband Engine). While this is a step in the right direction, in every modern PC there is a wealth of untapped compute resources. The NIC has a CPU;the disk controller is Programmable;some high-end graphics adapters are already more powerful than host CPUs. Some of these CPUs can perform some functions more efficiently than the host CPUs. Our operating systems and programming abstractions should be expanded to let applications tap into these computational resources and make the best use of them. Therefore, we propose the HYDRA framework, which lets application developers use the combined power of every compute resource in a coherent way. HYDRA is a programming model and a runtime support layer which enables utilization of host processors as well as various Programmable peripheral devices' processors. We present the framework and its application for a demonstrative use-case, as well as provide a thorough evaluation of its capabilities. Using HYDRA We were able to cut down the development cost of a system that uses multiple heterogenous compute resources significantly.

关键词： design experimentation offloading operating systems programming model

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A global approach for designing reliable WDM networks and grooming the traffic

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COMPUTERS & OPERATIONS RESEARCH 2008年第12期35卷 3822-3833页

作者： Bahri, Abderraouf Chamberland, Steven Ecole Polytech Dept Comp Engn Montreal PQ H3C 3A7 Canada

In this paper, we address the global problem of designing reliable wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks including the traffic grooming. This global problem consists in finding the number of optical fibers between each pair of optical nodes, finding the configuration of each node with respect to transponders, finding the virtual topology (i.e., the set of lightpaths), routing the lightpaths, grooming the traffic (i.e, grouping the connections and routing them over the lightpaths) and, finally, assigning wavelengths to the lightpaths. Instead of partitioning the problem into subproblems and solving them successively, we propose a mathematical programming model that addresses it as a whole. Numerical results are presented and analyzed. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks network design traffic grooming virtual and physical topologies mathematical programming model

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Analysis of component model extensions to support the GRICOL language

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Joint Workshop on Making Grids Works

作者： Bouziane, Hinde Currle-Linde, Natalia Perez, Christian Resch, Michael IRISA INRIA Campus Beaulieu F-35042 Rennes France Univ Stuttgart High Performance Comp Ctr Stuttgart HLRS Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780387784472

Nowadays, programming grid applications is still a major challenge. Several systems, tools and environments have appeared to allow end-users to describe applications without dealing with the complexity of the grid infrastructure. An application description in such environments is done through high level languages such as the Grid Concurrent Language (GRICOL). Independently of the application domain, this language enables the description of highly complex scientific experiments. While such a high level language is offered to end-users, the question of how to implement it is raised. The contribution of this paper is to analyze the support of a GRICOL application within component models, in particular the support of its temporal composition represented by a control flow construction.

关键词： programming model software component programming language control-flow data-flow GriCoL

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