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17th International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing 2008, HPDC'08

作者： Drost, Niels Van Nieuwpoort, Rob V. Maassen, Jason Bal, Henri E. Department of Computer Science VU University Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781595939975

In this paper, we introduce the Join-Elect-Leave (JEL) model, a simple yet powerful model for tracking the resources participating in an application. This model is based on the concept of signaling, i.e., notifying the application when resources have Joined or Left the computation. In addition, the model includes Elections, which can be used to select resources with a special role. JEL supports several consistency models and is suitable for resource coordination of a wide variety of applications, ranging from the traditional fixed resource sets used in MPI, to flexible grid-oriented programming models.

关键词： robust programming models resource tracking

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Parallel programmability and the Chapel language

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS 2007年第3期21卷 291-312页

作者： Chamberlain, B. L. Callahan, D. Zima, H. P. Cray Res Inc Seattle WA 98104 USA Microsoft Corp Redmond WA 98052 USA Univ Vienna A-1010 Vienna Austria JPL Pasadena CA USA

In this paper we consider productivity challenges for parallel programmers and explore ways that parallel language design might help improve end-user productivity. We offer a candidate list of desirable qualities for a parallel programming language, and describe how these qualities are addressed in the design of the Chapel language. In doing so, we provide an overview of Chapel's features an how they help address parallel productivity. We also survey current techniques for parallel programming and describe ways in which we consider them to fall short of our idealized productive programming model.

关键词： parallel languages productivity parallel programming programming models Chapel

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SP@CE -: An SP-Based programming model for consumer electronics streaming applications

SP@CE -: An SP-Based programming model for consumer electron...

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19th International Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing

作者： Varbanescu, Ana Lucia Nijhuis, Maik Gonzalez-Escribano, Arturo Sips, Henk Bos, Herbert Bal, Henri Delft Univ Technol Dept Comp Sci NL-2600 AA Delft Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam Dept Comp Sci Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Valladolid Dept Informat Valladolid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783540725206

Efficient programming of multimedia streaming applications for Consumer Electronics (CE) devices is not trivial. As a solution for this problem, we present SP@CE, a novel programming model designed to balance the specific requirements of CE streaming applications with the simplicity and efficiency of the Series-Parallel Contention (SPC) programming model. To enable the use of SP@CE, we have designed a framework that guides the programmer to design, evaluate, optimize and execute the application on the target CE platform. To evaluate the entire system, we have used SP@CE to implement a set of real-life streaming applications and we present the results obtained by running them on the Wasabi/SpaceCAKE architecture from Philips, a multiprocessor system-on-chip (MPSoC) CE platform. The experiments show that SP@CE enables rapid application development, induces low overhead, offers high code reuse potential, and takes advantage of the inherent application parallelism.

关键词： streaming applications consumer electronics programming models SP@CE component-based framework MPSoC

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Dynamic Multigrain Parallelization on the Cell Broadband Engine 07

Dynamic Multigrain Parallelization on the Cell Broadband Eng...

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ACM SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles and Practice of Parallel programming

作者： Blagojevic, Filip Nikolopoulos, Dimitrios S. Stamatakis, Alexandros Antonopoulos, Christos D. Virginia Tech Ctr High End Comp Syst Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781595936028

This paper addresses the problem of orchestrating and scheduling parallelism at multiple levels of granularity on heterogeneous multicore processors. We present mechanisms and policies for adaptive exploitation and scheduling of layered parallelism on the Cell Broadband Engine. Our policies combine event-driven task scheduling with malleable loop-level parallelism, which is exploited from the runtime system whenever task-level parallelism leaves idle cores. We present a scheduler for applications with layered parallelism on Cell and investigate its performance with RAxML, an application which infers large phylogenetic trees, using the Maximum Likelihood (ML) method. Our experiments show that the Cell benefits significantly from dynamic methods that selectively exploit the layers of parallelism in the system, in response to workload fluctuation. Our scheduler outperforms the MPI version of RAxML, scheduled by the Linux kernel, by up to a factor of 2.6. We are able to execute RAxML on one Cell four times faster than on a dual-processor system with Hyperthreaded Xeon processors, and 5-10% faster than on a single-processor system with a dual-core, quad-thread IBM Power5 processor.

关键词： IBM Cell programming models Process Scheduling RAxML

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Benefits from US monetary policy experimentation in the days of Samuelson and Solow and Lucas

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JOURNAL OF MONEY CREDIT AND BANKING 2007年第1期39卷 67-99页

作者： Cogley, Timothy Colacito, Riccardo Sargent, Thomas J. Univ Calif Davis Davis CA 95616 USA Univ N Carolina Kenan Flagler Business Sch Chapel Hill NC 27515 USA NYU New York NY USA

A policy maker knows two models. One implies an exploitable inflation-unemployment trade-off, the other does not. The policy maker's prior probability over the two models is part of his state vector. Bayes' law converts the prior probability into a posterior probability and gives the policy maker an incentive to experiment. For models calibrated to U.S. data through the early 1960s, we compare the outcomes from two Bellman equations. The first tells the policy maker to "experiment and learn." The second tells him to "learn but don't experiment." In this way, we isolate a component of government policy that is due to experimentation and estimate the benefits from intentional experimentation. We interpret the Bellman equation that learns but does not intentionally experiment as an "anticipated utility" model and study how well its outcomes approximate those from the "experiment and learn" Bellman equation. The approximation is good. For our calibrations, the benefits from purposeful experimentation are small because random shocks are big enough to provide ample unintentional experimentation.

关键词： learning model uncertainty Bayes' law intentional experimentation Phillips curve opportunism Bayesian analysis optimization techniques programming models dynamic analysis central banks and their policies

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High performance remote memory access communication: The ARMCI approach

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS 2006年第2期20卷 233-253页

作者： Nieplocha, J. Tipparaju, V. Krishnan, M. Panda, D. K. Pacific NW Natl Lab Computat Sci & Math Dept Richland WA 99352 USA Ohio State Univ Columbus OH 43210 USA

This paper describes the Aggregate Remote Memory Copy Interface (ARMCI), a portable high performance remote memory access communication interface, developed originally under the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Computational Testing and Simulation Toolkit project and currently used and advanced as a part of the run-time layer of the DOE project, programming models for Scalable Parallel Computing. The paper discusses the model, addresses challenges of portable implementations, and demonstrates that ARMCI delivers high performance on a variety of platforms. Special emphasis is placed on the latency hiding mechanisms and ability to optimize noncontiguous data transfers.

关键词： remote memory access one-sided communication programming models ARMCI high performance networks

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Planning the future of Botswana's coal

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ENERGY ISSUES 2006年第1-2期25卷 60-82页

作者： Fichani, Khaulani Labys, Walter West Virginia Univ Nat Res Econ Program Morgantown WV 26506 USA

Botswana has vast proven deposits of steam coal, which, for a long time, the government has wanted to develop but without much success. The main objectives of this study are to forecast possible coal exports from Botswana and the land routes for these exports to determine the competitiveness of Botswana's coal in world steam coal trade to make recommendations on the appropriate policy for the exploitation of this coal. To accomplish these objectives, we construct a model of the global steam coal trade and apply this model to forecast the likely optimal size of mine, timing of capacity, and choice of export port for the years 2005 and 2010 from a 2000 base forecast year. The results of our regional analysis suggest that Botswana's coal exports are competitive in Asia and Western Europe. These results are shown to be least sensitive to changes in rail transportation costs and marginal supply costs but more sensitive to changes in capital costs for mine development.

关键词： long run marginal cost function econometric models programming models international steam coal trade model Botswana's energy policy

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EnviroSuite: An Environmentally Immersive programming Framework for Sensor Networks

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ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems 2006年第3期5卷 543-576页

作者： Luo, Liqian Abdelzaher, Tarek F. He, Tian Stankovic, John A. University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign Urbana-Champaign United States University of Minnesota Minneapolis United States University of Virginia Charlottesville United States

Sensor networks open a new frontier for embedded-distributed computing. Paradigms for sensor network programming-in-the-large have been identified as a significant challenge toward developing large-scale applications. Classical programming languages are too low-level. This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of EnviroSuite, a programming framework that introduces a new paradigm, called environmentally immersive programming, to abstract distributed interactions with the environment. Environmentally immersive programming refers to an object-based programming model in which individual objects represent physical elements in the external environment. It allows the programmer to think directly in terms of environmental abstractions. EnviroSuite provides language primitives for environmentally immersive programming that map transparently into a support library of distributed algorithms for tracking and environmental monitoring. We show how nesC code of realistic applications is significantly simplified using EnviroSuite and demonstrate the resulting system performance on Mica2 and XSM platforms. © 2006, ACM. All rights reserved.

关键词： Abstractions Design embedded systems Experimentation Languages middleware Performance programming models sensor networks tracking

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Position paper and brief announcement: An envolutionary path towards virtual shared memory with random access

Position paper and brief announcement: An envolutionary path...

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SPAA 2006: 18th Annual ACM Symposium on Parallelism in Algorithms and Architectures

作者： Brown, Jonathan L. Goudy, Sue Heroux, Mike Huang, Shan Shan Wen, Zhaofang Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM 87185 United States

No abstract available

关键词： Parallel programming programming models

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From the Editor in Chief: Middleware's Shrinking Middle

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IEEE Internet Computing 2006年第5期10卷 4-5页

作者： B. Filman State University of New York Oswego

The rise of SOA and PGAS doesn't quite spell the end of Corba, RMI, and other classic distributed-object systems, but it does increasingly restrict their ranges of use. These technologies surely still play major roles in enterprise-integration systems and heterogeneous intranet applications and niches such as real-time Corba, as well as the countless existing deployments that remain with us for years. They might even reemerge as the approach of choice in future grid computing frameworks that must sometimes straddle administrative domains. But the idea that one approach to object-oriented middleware could serve all needs seems to be one whose time has come and gone

关键词： AJAX Internal Communication External Communication programming models Service Oriented Architectures Partitioned Global Address Space

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