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Exploring the effect of control-flow and traversal direction on VPL usability for novices

JOURNAL OF VISUAL LANGUAGES AND COMPUTING 2002年第5期13卷 471-500页

作者： Chattratichart, J Kuljis, J Brunel Univ Dept Informat Syst & Comp VIVID Ctr Uxbridge UB8 3PH Middx England

programming is a hard cognitive activity, especially for novices who also have to struggle with learning the intricacies of the programming language syntax. We postulate that a well-designed diagrammatic visual programming language (VPL) to replace or substitute a textual programming language may help in the learning programming process. Our research focuses on the suitability of diagrammatic notations for such a VPL. In this paper, we report results from two experimental studies into diagrammatic notations. The first experiment shows the superiority of three visual representations over a conventional style textual program in both control- and data-flow paradigms. The result also shows the effect of programming paradigm on novices' performance. The second experiment focuses on two aspects of program flow representation: the graphical representation to be used for sequencing, and the traversal direction required of diagram users. It reveals that graphical representation does not affect performance in tracing program flow but that traversal direction makes a difference in cognitive demand on users. The evidence also indicates a control-flow preference among novices. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： VPL usability novice programmers diagrammatic notation control flow representations programming paradigm

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Learning Dynamic System Oriented Model Based programming

Learning Dynamic System Oriented Model Based Programming

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IEEE International Symposium on IT in Medicine and Education

作者： Wang, Jinling Duan, Huichuan Shandong Normal Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn Jinan 250014 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424439294

As Dynamic System Oriented Model Based programming (DSO-MBP) platforms, such as Simulink, becomes more and more popular, more and more students desire to learn such kind of programming. However, college students in computer science or related disciplines cultivated with traditional text-based programming, such as structured, procedural and OOP, find it frustrating to learn DSO-MBP. Our experience exhibited that it is the distinct programming paradigm of DSO-MBP that causes the trouble. This paper. reports our understanding on elements of DSO-MBP paradigm, including model based, block supported, GUI interfaced, Subsystem organized, time-variant signal driven, new parameter passing, call-back functioning, and more accessible look and feel. We point out their differences and similarities with respect to traditional programming paradigm elements. We hope our contribution can help newcomers easily switch from traditional programming paradigms to the DSO-MBP paradigm and learn DSO-MBP effectively.

关键词： model based programming programming paradigm programming learning dynamic system Simulink

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Performance Prediction Model for Parallel Computing on Network of Workstation

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 1998年第3期3卷 61-64页

作者： Zhang, Jianjun Ru, Guobao Wuhan University College of Electronic Information Wuhan China (GRID:grid.49470.3e) (ISNI:***) Wuhan University College of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan China (GRID:grid.49470.3e) (ISNI:***)

In order to effectively program Parallel Computing on NOW (Network of workstation),users must be able to evaluate how well the system performs for a given *** this paper,we present an framework that can be used to evaluate tree structured computing on *** on this framework,we derive a model for the famous parallel programming paradigm divide and *** discuss how this model can be used to evaluate performance and how it can be used to restructure the application to improve performance.

关键词： parallel computing programming paradigm divide and conquer performance prediction

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SHIP - A Logic-Based Language and Tool to Program Smart Environments 25th

SHIP - A Logic-Based Language and Tool to Program Smart Envi...

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25th International Symposium on Logic-Based Program Synthesis and Transformation (LOPSTR)

作者： Autexier, Serge Hutter, Dieter German Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence DFKI Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783319274362;9783319274355

The increasing availability of smart objects demands for flexible mechanisms to orchestrate different types of these objects to smart environments. As smart objects are typically not aware of each other, an orchestrating platform has to manage common resources, to harmonize the individual behavior of the acting objects, and to combine their activities to an intelligent team work. This paper presents a corresponding framework to implement such an orchestrating platform. It provides a concurrent programming language representing states in Description Logics and state transitions as logical updates enabling deductive support to infer non-explicitly represented knowledge. It uses temporal logic to suspend execution of a process for a particular evolution of the global state that is specified by a LTL formula. Since a process can fork into subprocesses this provides a mechanism for runtime verification by splitting a process into a subprocess executing some critical program and another parallel subprocess monitoring the first one by waiting for the desired evolution of states specified in its LTL formula.

关键词： Description logic programming paradigm Smart environments

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Compress-and-Conquer for Optimal Multicore Computing

Compress-and-Conquer for Optimal Multicore Computing

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Workshop on Declarative Aspects of Multicore programming 2010

作者： Mou, Zhijing G. Liu, Hai Hudak, Paul Sinovate LLC United Arab Emirates Yale University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605588599

We propose a programming paradigm called compress-and-conquer (CC) that leads to optimal performance on multicore platforms. Given a multicore system of p cores and a problem of size n, the problem is first reduced to p smaller problems, each of which can be solved independently of the others (the compression phase). From the solutions to the p problems, a compressed version of the same problem of size O(p) is deduced and solved (the global phase). The solution to the original problem is then derived from the solution to the compressed problem together with the solutions of the smaller problems (the expansion phase). The CC paradigm reduces the complexity of multicore programming by allowing the best-known sequential algorithm for a problem to be used in each of the three phases. In this paper we apply the CC paradigm to a range of problems including scan, nested scan, difference equations, banded linear systems, and linear tridiagonal systems. The performance of CC programs is analyzed, and their optimality and linear speedup are proven. Characteristics of the problem space subject to CC are formally examined, and we show that its computational power subsumes that of scan, nested scan, and mapReduce. The CC paradigm has been implemented in Haskell as a modular, higher-order function, whose constituent functions can be shared by seemingly unrelated problems. This function is compiled into low-level Haskell threads that run on a multicore machine, and performance benchmarks confirm the theoretical analysis.

关键词： Multicore programming Parallel Computing programming paradigm Functional programming Scan Divide and Conquer Compress and Conquer

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RaVioli: a GPU Supported High-Level Pseudo Real-time Video Processing Library

RaVioli: a GPU Supported High-Level Pseudo Real-time Video P...

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19th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Computer Vision

作者： Kondo, Katsuhiko Inaba, Takafumi Sakurai, Hiroko Ohno, Masaomi Tsumura, Tomoaki Matsuo, Hiroshi Nagoya Inst Technol Nagoya Aichi Japan OMRON Corp Kyoto Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9788086943824

Real-time video processing applications such as intruder detection system are now in demand and being developed. However, on general purpose computers, it is difficult to guarantee that enough CPU resources can be surely be provided. We have proposed a pseudo real-time video processing library RaVioli for solving this problem. RaVioli conceals two types of resolutions, frame rate and the number of pixels, from programmers. This makes video and image processing programmings more intuitive, but the performance may be lower by the abstraction overhead. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an improvement of RaVioli for supporting CPU platforms. For using GPUs effectively, a deep knowledge about them has been required, and this would have been a burden to programmers. The proposition on this paper provides an easy-to-use framework for developers. They can benefit from GPU without rewriting their RaVioli programs and get high performance video processing. The experiment results with image/video processing programs show that the proposed method improves the performance about 151-fold/164-fold in maximum against traditional RaVioli without rewriting programs, and about 30-fold/4-fold in maximum against a native C++ program.

关键词： real-time video processing programming paradigm video processing library CUDA

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Evaluation of Logic-Based Smart Contracts for Blockchain Systems 10th

Evaluation of Logic-Based Smart Contracts for Blockchain Sys...

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10th Annual International Web Rule Symposium (RuleML)

作者： Idelberger, Florian Governatori, Guido Riveret, Regis Sartor, Giovanni European Univ Inst Fiesole Italy Data61 CSIRO NICTA Brisbane Qld Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319420196;9783319420189

While procedural languages are commonly used to program smart contracts in blockchain systems, logic-based languages may be interesting alternatives. In this paper, we inspect what are the possible legal and technical (dis) advantages of logic-based smart contracts in light of common activities featuring ordinary contracts, then we provide insights on how to use such logic-based smart contracts in combination with blockchain systems. These insights lead us to emphasize a fundamental challenge - algorithms for logic approaches have to be efficient, but they also need to be literally cheap as measured within the environment where they are deployed and according to its economic rules. We illustrate this with different algorithms from defeasible logic-based frameworks.

关键词： Smart contract Blockchain programming paradigm Logic

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Applying cooperative learning with role division to learn recursion 31

Applying cooperative learning with role division to learn re...

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31st International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE)

作者： Zhuang, YungYu Chen, Hong-Wei Wang, Jen-Hang Chen, Gwo-Dong Natl Cent Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Taoyuan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9786269689026

Nowadays, most programming languages support multiple programming paradigms, enabling the choices between them for different application scenarios and even using them together, for example, object-oriented programming for system modeling, event-driven programming for graphical user interface, and functional programming for wrapping actions. However, learning different programming paradigms is quite difficult, especially when they are given as a whole. Recursion is a typical example since it originated in functional programming but was also included in most structured programming languages. As Dijkstra pointed out, learners who are familiar with structured programming tend to think about the control flow of recursion and get confused by how the recursion can be implemented. To address this issue, we developed a methodology along with system software to help novices think of recursive solutions from the definition rather than the implementation.

关键词： programming programming paradigm recursion cooperative learning role division

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Behavior-Based Robotics programming for a Mobile Robotics ECE Course Using the CEENBoT Mobile Robotics Platform

Behavior-Based Robotics Programming for a Mobile Robotics EC...

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IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (EIT)

作者： Santos, Jose Gilmore, Alisa N. Hempel, Michael Sharif, Hamid Univ Nebraska Dept Elect & Comp Engn ECE Lincoln NE 68583 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509047673

Behavior-based robotics is a novel approach to robotic programming whereby multiple behaviors execute in parallel using a multilayer architecture, organized by priority. However, in certain architectures, such as the subsumption architecture pioneered by Rodney Brooks, only one such behavior can be active at a time, requiring their coordination. Supporting such architectures requires hardware/software resources for multithreaded support for behaviors to execute concurrently. This makes behavior-based programming inaccessible to small educational robotics platforms usually powered by a uniprocessor (single-threaded) execution model. In this paper, we present an approach employed for an introductory Mobile Robotics course at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln that allows our students to both learn and implement behavior-based robotic programming using the C language on a uniprocessor-based mobile robotics platform known as the CEENBoT. This allows students to learn about robot programming using physical, situated robots, using a valuable language employed in embedded systems, supporting common goals of ECE programs, instead of relying on uncommon languages that have fallen into disuse and are quickly becoming obsolete. Results obtained from end-of-semester surveys are shown to demonstrate that students value the behavior-based elements of the course above other unique features it has to offer.

关键词： Behavior-based Robotics Embedded Robotics ECE STEM Robot programming Subsumption C programming Classroom Mobile Robotics programming paradigm CEENBoT CEENBoT-API

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An Exploratory Study on Detection of Cloned Code in Information Systems 19

An Exploratory Study on Detection of Cloned Code in Informat...

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15th Brazilian Symposium on Information Systems (SBSI) - The Complexity of Modern Information Systems

作者： Batista, Mallu Eduarda Parreira Junior, Paulo Afonso Costa, Heitor Univ Fed Lavras Lavras MG Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450372374

Code clones are source code parts that are identical or have some degree of similarity to another part of the code. Cloning arises for a variety of reasons, including copy and paste and the reuse of ad-hoc code by programmers. Detection of information system clones is aimed at propagating changes by all clones at the development, maintenance and evolution stages, preserving data consistency, correcting errors, and so on. Clones can be classified as 1, 2, 3 and 4, depending on their similarity and characteristics that classify them as such. Several techniques and tools have been created with the objective of detecting code clones, and for this, they use techniques of representation of the source code in text, token, tree, graphic, hybrid and metrics. This systematic mapping work presents answers to the four research questions, which aim to identify, count and catalog, data from a set of 875 articles, of which 128 were selected, for the selection of relevant information seeking to provide content for the collection of data objectified. In all, 52 clone detection tools were identified, which reinforce the current theme;26 ways of presenting source code to detect clones, where the commonly used ones stand out for ease of understanding and handling;13 programming languages in 6 paradigms and the identification, highlighting the great presence of clones detection in object oriented information systems, of all 4 types of clones, as well as semantic and syntactic clones, which reinforces the current questioning of authors of this division search line into four types.

关键词： Clone Detection Clone Code Clone Detection Tools Clone Detection Approaches programming Language programming paradigm

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