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Empirical investigation towards the effectiveness of Test First programming

INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2009年第1期51卷 182-194页

作者： Huang, Liang Holcombe, Mike Univ Sheffield Dept Comp Sci Sheffield S10 2TN S Yorkshire England

The Test First (TF) programming, which is based on an iterative process of "setting up test cases, implementing the functionality, and having all test cases passed", has been put forward for decades, however knowledge of the evidence of the Test First programming's success is limited. This paper describes a controlled experiment that investigated the distinctions between the effectiveness of Test First and that of Test Last (TL) (the traditional approach). The experimental results showed that Test First teams spent a larger percentage of time on testing. The achievable minimum external quality of delivered software applications increased with the percentage of time spent on testing regardless of the testing strategy (TF or TL) applied, although there does not exist a linear correlation between them. With four years' data, it is also found that a strong linear correlation between the amount of effort spent on testing and coding in Test First teams, while this phenomenon was not observed in Test Last teams. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Agile methods Empirical software engineering Software testing Testing strategies Software engineering process programming paradigms

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Interval scripts: a programming paradigm for interactive environments and agents

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PERSONAL AND UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING 2003年第1期7卷 1-21页

作者： Pinhanez, Claudio S. Bobick, Aaron F. IBM Res Corp TJ Watson Hawthorne NY 10532 USA Georgia Inst Technol GVU Ctr Atlanta GA 30332 USA

In this paper we present interval scripts, a new paradigm for the programming of interactive environments and computer characters. In this paradigm, actions and states of the users and the system computational agents are associated with temporal intervals. programming is accomplished by establishing temporal relationships as constraints between the intervals. Unlike previous temporal constraint-based programming languages, we employ a strong temporal algebra based in Allen's interval algebra with the ability to express mutually exclusive intervals and to de. ne complex temporal structures. To avoid the typical computational complexity of strong temporal algebras we propose a method, PNF propagation, that projects the network implicit in the program into a simpler, 3-valued (past, now, future) network where constraint propagation can be conservatively approximated in linear time. The interval scripts paradigm is the basis of ISL, or Interval Scripts Language, that was used to build three large-scale, computer-vision-based interactive installations with complex interactive dramatic structures. The success in implementing these projects provides evidence that the interval scripts paradigm is a powerful and expressive programming method for interactive environments.

关键词： Interactive spaces programming paradigms programming with constraints System architecture Temporal reasoning Ubiquitous computing

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WOSPP - A Wave Oriented Swarm programming Paradigm

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018年第2期51卷 379-384页

作者： Thenius, Ronald Varughese, Joshua Cherian Moser, Daniel Schmickl, Thomas Institute for Zoology Karl-Franzens University Graz8010 Austria

In this paper, we present a possible control paradigm for swarms of mobile agents with limited communication capabilities. The control paradigm is based on communication and movement strategies from slime mould, that uses 1-bit communication for various behaviours of the super organism. We have found that by varying minor details of the classical slime mould based communication strategies and movement cues it is possible to generate substantially different behaviours and features that the swarm is able to perform. Swarm size estimation, pinging synchronization, ego positioning etc. are some behaviours which can be generated by varying minor details of the basic slime mould based communication and movement strategies. Additionally, using several different signals within the swarm and combining them, it is possible to generate an open control paradigm, that allows to construct different behaviours, not bases on the design of individual behaviour but by design of different interacting travelling waves on the different signal layers in the swarm. © 2018

关键词： Mobile agents Molds Swarm intelligence 1 bit communication Bio inspiration Communication strategy Individual behaviour Limited communication programming paradigms Spatial computations Travelling waves

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Students' Understanding of programming Fluency 29

Students' Understanding of Programming Fluency

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29th Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (ITiCSE)

作者： Bjorn, Camilla Kann, Viggo KTH Royal Inst Technol Dept Theoret Comp Sci Stockholm Sweden

Fluency is a term commonly used to express proficiency within a specific area, often languages. However, it is sometimes also used in programming. In this poster, we present a phenomenographic study to investigate how... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706035

关键词： programming proficiency Coding fluency Conceptual understanding programming paradigms Problem-solving

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Teaching programming broadly and deeply: The Kernel language approach

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Conference on Informatics Curricula, Teaching Methods and Best Practice

作者： Van Roy, P Haridi, S Univ Catholique Louvain Dept Comp Sci & Engn INGI B-1348 Louvain Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)140207266X

We present the kernel language approach;a new way to teach programming that situates most of the widely known programming paradigms (including imperative, object-oriented, concurrent, logic, and functional) into a uniform setting that shows their deep relationships and how to use them together. Widely different practical languages (exemplified by Java, Haskell, Prolog, and Erlang) with their rich panoplies of abstractions and syntax are explained by straightforward translations into closely related kernel languages, simple languages that consist of small numbers of programmer-significant concepts. Kernel languages are easy to understand and have a simple formal semantics that can be used by practicing programmers to reason about correctness and complexity.

关键词： computer programming education curriculum science engineering programming concepts programming paradigms kernel language dataflow concurrency functional programming object-oriented programming logic programming imperative programming programming techniques

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Next-Paradigm programming Languages: What Will They Look Like and What Changes Will They Bring?

Next-Paradigm Programming Languages: What Will They Look Lik...

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ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New paradigms, and Reflections on programming and Software (Onward) part of SPLASH Conference

作者： Smaragdakis, Yannis Univ Athens Dept Informat & Telecommun Athens Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781450369954

The dream of programming language design is to bring about orders-of-magnitude productivity improvements in software development tasks. Designers can endlessly debate on how this dream can be realized and on how close we are to its realization. Instead, I would like to focus on a question with an answer that can be, surprisingly, clearer: what will be the common principles behind next-paradigm, high-productivity programming languages, and how will they change everyday program development? Based on my decade-plus experience of heavy-duty development in declarative languages, I speculate that certain tenets of high-productivity languages are inevitable. These include, for instance, enormous variations in performance (including automatic transformations that change the asymptotic complexity of algorithms);a radical change in a programmer's workflow, elevating testing from a near-menial task to an act of deep understanding;and a change in the need for formal proofs.

关键词： programming paradigms next-paradigm programming languages

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Non-procedural Implementation of Local Heuristic Search in Control Network programming

Non-procedural Implementation of Local Heuristic Search in C...

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14th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems

作者： Kratchanov, Kostadin Golemanova, Emilia Golemanov, Tzanko Ercan, Tuncay Yasar Univ Dept Software Engn Univ Cad Yagacli Yol 35-37 TR-35100 Bornova Turkey Rousse Univ Dept Computing Rousse Bulgaria

The report describes the type of improved uninformed or heuristic search algorithms that are well-suited for non-procedural implementation in Control network programming, and how this can be achieved using the tools f... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9783642153891

关键词： Control network programming heuristic algorithms programming paradigms programming languages nonprocedural programming local search automated programming

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Understanding programming Technologies by Analogy, Examples, and Abstraction Extended Abstract (AOSD'11 Tutorial) 11

Understanding Programming Technologies by Analogy, Examples,...

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10th International Conference on Aspect-Oriented Software Development (AOSD)

作者： Laemmel, Ralf Univ Koblenz Landau Software Languages Team Mainz Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781450305563

We have a problem: there is a stunning number of programming technologies out there. There are silos of knowledge around these technologies and technical spaces. In fact, it is not even clear that this abundance can still be approached by computer scientists. Q: How can we possibly understand those technologies in an academically valid manner? A: By analogy, examples, and abstraction!

关键词： Technical Spaces programming Technologies programming Techniques programming paradigms X/O/R Mapping Software Languages

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Control Network programming with SPIDER: Dynamic Search Control

Control Network Programming with SPIDER: Dynamic Search Cont...

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14th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems

作者： Kratchanov, Kostadin Golemanov, Tzanko Golemanova, Emilia Ercan, Tuncay Yasar Univ Dept Software Engn Univ Cad Yagacli Yol 35-37 TR-35100 Bornova Turkey Rousse Univ Dept Computing Rousse Bulgaria

The report describes the means for dynamic control of the computation process that are available in Spider - a language for Control Network programming.

ISBN: (纸本)9783642153891

The report describes the means for dynamic control of the computation process that are available in Spider - a language for Control Network programming.

关键词： Control network programming programming paradigms programming languages non-procedural programming search control computation control dynamic control heuristic algorithms

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Application Domain and programming Language Readability Yardsticks 7

Application Domain and Programming Language Readability Yard...

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7th International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (CSIT)

作者： Akour, Mohammed Falah, Bouchaib Yarmouk Univ Comp Informat Syst Dept Irbid Jordan Al Akhawayn Univ Sch Sci & Engn Ifrane Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9781467389136

Software maintainability is one of the most factors that used to ensure software quality. It targets the structure of the software rather than its functionality. Hence, code readability is highlighted whenever maintainability is discussed. There is a huge difference between an organized code and a messy code, or between easy to read code and a difficult to read code. This difference can be very subjective but many efforts have been put together in order to formalize it. Therefore, the result was a set of readability factors that have a direct or indirect impact on software readability. These factors measure to which extent readers can understand the text of the software code. Many metrics were developed to generalize the readability score across a set of pieces of code. Unfortunately, not all proposed metrics take into account the possibility of having variable readability factors. This paper tries to investigate to which extent the readability factors considering different application domains. Since readability is very subjective, it will be interesting to see whether it is useful to have specialized readability models that measure this attribute. This also implies looking into the impact of these readability models on measuring software quality.

关键词： software readability application domain readability models programming paradigms

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