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Supporting software development through declaratively codified programming patterns

EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS 2002年第4期23卷 405-413页

作者： Mens, K Michiels, I Wuyts, R Free Univ Brussels Programming Technol Lab B-1050 Brussels Belgium Catholic Univ Louvain Dept Ingn Informat B-1348 Louvain Belgium Univ Bern Inst Informat Software Composit Grp CH-3012 Bern Switzerland

In current-day software development, programmers often use programming patterns to clarify their intents and to increase the understandability of their programs. Unfortunately, most software development environments do not adequately support the declaration and use of such patterns. To explicitly codify these patterns, we adopt a declarative meta programming approach. In this approach, we reify the structure of a (object-oriented) program in terms of logic clauses. We declare programming patterns as logic rules on top of these clauses. By querying the logic system, these rules allow us to check, enforce and search for occurrences of certain patterns in the software. As such, the programming patterns become an active part of the software development and maintenance environment. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： programming patterns logic programming meta programming tool support object-oriented programming

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Design and programming patterns for implementing usability functionalities in web applications

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2015年 105卷 107-124页

作者： Rodriguez, Francy D. Acuna, Silvia T. Juristo, Natalia Univ Politecn Madrid Escuela Tecn Super Ingn Informat E-28660 Madrid Spain Univ Autonoma Madrid Dept Ingn Informat E-28049 Madrid Spain

Usability is a software system quality attribute. There are usability issues that have an impact not only on the user interface but also on the core functionality of applications. In this paper, three web applications were developed to discover patterns for implementing two usability functionalities with an impact on core functionality: Abort Operation and Progress Feedback. We applied an inductive process in order to identify reusable elements to implement the selected functionalities. For communication purposes, these elements are specified as design and programming patterns (PHP, *** and Java). Another two web applications were developed in order to evaluate the patterns. The evaluation explores several issues such as ease of pattern understanding and ease of pattern use, as well as the final result of the applications. We found that it is feasible to reuse the identified solutions specified as patterns. The results also show that usability functionalities have features, like the level of coupling with the application or the complexity of each component of the solution, that simplify or complicate their implementation. In this case, the Abort Operation functionality turned out to be more feasible to implement than the Progress Feedback functionality. (c) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Software engineering Design patterns programming patterns

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Educational Materials to Train Teachers in ScratchJr: Rules of Program Behavior and programming patterns 26

Educational Materials to Train Teachers in ScratchJr: Rules ...

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26th International Symposium on Computers in Education (SIIE)

作者： Velazquez-Iturbide, J. Angel Univ Rey Juan Carlos Escuela Tecn Super Ingn Informat Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376623;9798350376616

The educational materials available to learn block-based programming usually promote a learning process which is more intuitive tan deep. In this paper, we present two educational materials designed to support deep learning of the ScratchJr programming language. On the one hand, we present the operational semantics of the language as rules of program behavior. On the other hand, we present a set of programming patterns to support coding characters' actions. Both materials were evaluated by pre-service teachers ( novice learners of programming) and university teachers (who teach ScratchJr). Their assessments scored the materials very positively and allowed improving their written statements.

关键词： block-based languages ScratchJr teacher development operational semantics rules of program behavior programming patterns

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Evaluating the Application and Understanding of Elementary programming patterns

Evaluating the Application and Understanding of Elementary P...

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22nd Australasian Conference on Software Engineering (ASWEC)

作者： Cardell-Oliver, Rachel Univ Western Australia Sch Comp Sci & Software Engn Perth WA 6009 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9780769549958

programming patterns are stereotypic fragments of code that accomplish common programming goals. The ability to recall, apply and evaluate patterns are important outcomes for learning to program. However, monitoring students use of patterns is currently difficult and time-consuming, requiring expert analysis and code walk-throughs. This paper introduces a method and automated tool for labelling the application (or not) of patterns in Java programs that enables instructors to specify and then analyse the programming patterns used by students. An empirical study is used to identify what patterns variations occur, how frequently, and why. The what and how questions are answered using automatic analysis with our tool, and the why question is answered from student explanations of their code.

关键词： programming patterns abstract syntax tree instructional design

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Detecting Defects Based on Mining and Confirming programming patterns From Different Versions of Projects

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IEEE ACCESS 2019年 7卷 144280-144291页

作者： Cui, Zhanqi Chen, Xiang Zheng, Liwei Zhang, Zhihua Mu, Yongmin Beijing Informat Sci & Technol Univ Comp Sch Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Nantong Univ Sch Comp Sci & Technol Nantong 226019 Peoples R China

Many implied programming patterns are contained in large-scale software. Most of the implied programming patterns are missing proper documentation. Defects would be brought into the software, if any of the patterns is violated by programmers. To alleviate this problem, many works are proposed to find defects by mining programming patterns from the software. However, a great many of candidate patterns and defects are reported by these approaches. These patterns and defects need to be manually confirmed, and the applicability and scalability of these approaches are restricted by this problem. In view of this problem, this paper proposes an approach to automated mining, confirming, filtering function call sequence patterns (FCSPs), and detecting defects which violate the patterns. At first, FCSPs are mined from a previous stable version and an update version under analyzing, respectively;then, the FCSPs are confirmed by analyzing correlations;after that, useful FCSPs are filtered with respect to the FCSPs mined from the previous version;finally, the version under analyzing is scanned for suspicious defects against the filtered FCSPs. 3 open source projects are selected as the experimental subjects to evaluate the approach. As the experimental result shows, the efficiency of defect detection is improved by the proposed approach. It confirms programming candidate FCSPs with 82% F1-measure and 77% accuracy, and eliminates 55% suspicious defects without sacrificing the performance.

关键词： programming patterns mining patterns confirming patterns version history defect detection

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Learning programming patterns Using Games

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION 2016年第2期12卷 23-34页

作者： de Aquino Leal, Alexis Vinicius Ferreira, Deller James Fed Inst Mato Grosso Dept Educ Barra Do Garcas Brazil Univ Fed Goias Inst Informat Goiania Go Brazil

There is still no pedagogy to teach programming that stands out significantly from others and no consensus on what is the best way for learning programming. There is still a need to develop new teaching methods for learning in introductory programming courses. This paper presents a pedagogic approach in support of creativity in programming and the results of a successful case study, where the teacher facilitates the learning of programming patterns by means of students' involvement in game creation. The results show an improvement in motivation and learning introductory programming, when we combine programming patterns with games using concrete materials.

关键词： Collaborative Learning Creativity in programming Games Learning programming programming patterns

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Improving Instruction of programming patterns with Faded Parsons Problems 21

Improving Instruction of Programming Patterns with Faded Par...

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Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

作者： Nathaniel Weinman Armando Fox Marti A. Hearst UC Berkeley United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450380966

Learning to recognize and apply programming patterns — reusable abstractions of code — is critical to becoming a proficient computer scientist. However, many introductory Computer Science courses do not teach patterns, in part because teaching these concepts requires significant curriculum changes. As an alternative, we explore how a novel user interface for practicing coding — Faded Parsons Problems — can support introductory Computer Science students in learning to apply programming patterns. We ran a classroom-based study with 237 students which found that Faded Parsons Problems, or rearranging and completing partially blank lines of code into a valid program, are an effective exercise interface for teaching programming patterns, significantly surpassing the performance of the more standard approaches of code writing and code tracing exercises. Faded Parsons Problems also improve overall code writing ability at a comparable level to code writing exercises, but are preferred by students.

关键词： programming patterns Computing Education Parsons Problems CS1

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Toward an Inventory of Plans and patterns, and Their Use to Foster Strategic Knowledge in programming Novices 20

Toward an Inventory of Plans and Patterns, and Their Use to ...

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ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research (ICER)

作者： Costantini, Umberto Lonati, Violetta Morpurgo, Anna Univ Milan Milan Italy Univ Milan Lab CINI Informat & Scuola Milan Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781450370929

When learning to program, different types of knowledge and skills have to be built: syntactic knowledge, i.e., knowledge of the language features; conceptual knowledge, i.e., knowledge of the semantics of the various constructs; strategic knowledge, i.e. the ability to use syntactic and conceptual knowledge in the most appropriate and effective way to solve programming problems. Strategic knowledge also includes the ability to exploit and combine solutions to known problems to solve new ones and is one of the hardest skills to acquire when learning to programm [5, 6, 11]. Terms such as goals[10] patterns [5, 6, 11]. schema,[9] strategies[4], and variables' roles[3] have been used to refer to this kind of knowledge. Several authors suggest that strategic knowledge should be taught explicitly, however there are three main issues to address: plans/patterns/schema are used sometimes interchangeably and sometimes similarly but not correspondingly; it is claimed that a small number of plans/patterns is needed in an introductory programming course, however there is no agreed upon inventory of plans/patterns among the CS community;the notion of variables' roles isn't always explicitly linked to the notion of plans/patterns;little instructional material is available that explicitly teaches strategies, and it is neither easy nor obvious how to design such material. The aim of this study is to investigate whether and how such notions of plans/patterns/schema and variables' roles can be integrated into introductory programming *** idea is to establish a framework that includes and arranges the different definitions presented in literature. The framework developed will be used for building a catalogue of plans/pattern and variables' roles encountered in CS1 practice, in CS1 assessment, and in the literature on introductory programming; this catalogue will be the basis for designing new instructional/learning material for fostering strategic knowledge. The developed mater

关键词： programming learning strategic knowledge CS1 novice programmers programming plans programming patterns

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Supporting the Acquisition of programming Skills with Program Construction patterns 19

Supporting the Acquisition of Programming Skills with Progra...

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IEEE/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering - Software Engineering in Practice (ICSE-SEIP)

作者： Kesselbacher, Max Univ Klagenfurt Dept Informat Didact Klagenfurt Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781728117645

A central topic to computer science education is the training of novice programmers. Novice programming skills have already been mapped to hierarchical levels, and expert programming skills have been measured based on task performance. But didactical instructions and individual support to acquire expert programming skills have not been provided in detail. I propose the investigation of structural and semantic patterns in program construction sequences in an IDE-based learning analytics setting. I aim to provide a more fine-grained assessment of programming skills, to enable skill assessments during programming tasks, and to support the individual acquisition of programming skills.

关键词： program construction learning analytics programming patterns programming skills

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Quantifying patterns and programming Strategies in Block-based programming Environments 19

Quantifying Patterns and Programming Strategies in Block-bas...

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IEEE/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering - Software Engineering in Practice (ICSE-SEIP)

作者： Kesselbacher, Max Bollin, Andreas Univ Klagenfurt Dept Informat Didact Klagenfurt Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781728117645

Pupils are often first exposed to programming in block-based programming environments like Scratch. Identifying and measuring the previous experience of students learning to program is a key to improve the teaching of programming. In this contribution, we outline an approach to measure and evaluate programming interactions with the block-based programming environment Scratch. First results, obtained with eight upper secondary school students, show that programming skills and patterns can be quantified with interaction metrics measured during program construction. The aim is a more fine-grained identification and assessment of programming skills.

关键词： block-based programming programming skills programming patterns learning analytics

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