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Toward a Tool-Based Development Methodology for Pervasive Computing Applications

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2012年第6期38卷 1445-1463页

作者： Cassou, Damien Bruneau, Julien Consel, Charles Balland, Emilie Univ Bordeaux Bordeaux France Yale Univ New Haven CT 06520 USA Univ Rennes Rennes France Univ Bordeaux 1 Inria Phoenix Res Grp F-33405 Talence France

Despite much progress, developing a pervasive computing application remains a challenge because of a lack of conceptual frameworks and supporting tools. This challenge involves coping with heterogeneous devices, overcoming the intricacies of distributed systems technologies, working out an architecture for the application, encoding it in a program, writing specific code to test the application, and finally deploying it. This paper presents a design language and a tool suite covering the development life-cycle of a pervasive computing application. The design language allows us to define a taxonomy of area-specific building-blocks, abstracting over their heterogeneity. This language also includes a layer to define the architecture of an application, following an architectural pattern commonly used in the pervasive computing domain. Our underlying methodology assigns roles to the stakeholders, providing separation of concerns. Our tool suite includes a compiler that takes design artifacts written in our language as input and generates a programming framework that supports the subsequent development stages, namely, implementation, testing, and deployment. Our methodology has been applied on a wide spectrum of areas. Based on these experiments, we assess our approach through three criteria: expressiveness, usability, and productivity.

关键词： Methodology domain-specific language generative programming pervasive computing toolkit programming support simulation

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A GRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENT FOR USER-INTERFACE DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1990年第5期5卷 289-299页

作者： DESOI, J LEASE, M LIVELY, W SHEPPARD, S SLADE, T TEXAS A&M UNIV SYST DEPT COMP SCICOLLEGE STNTX 77843

This paper presents a new approach to the design of an easy-to-use and flexible user-interface management system (UIMS). We identify two major problems for UIMSs. The first problem is to find a way to make the UIMS easier to use without sacrificing important functionality. A new design concept, behaviour abstraction, is described which allows important gains in ease-of-use, while retaining the kind of flexibility needed by user-interface designers. The second problem is to provide a user-interface design tool that allows easy and flexible runtime configuration. A traditional notation, the data-flow diagram, proves to be an adequate and appropriate organising principle for the design of the runtime connection between a user-interface module and application modules. An implementation, called the graphical specification system (GSS), provides an integrated environment for designing the user-interface component of interactive embedded system software. GSS provides two tools; an application display generator (ADG) for designing screen objects and a data-flow editor (DFE) for specifying runtime connections. The ADG uses behaviour abstraction in a what-you-see-is-what-you-get (WYSIWYG) drawing environment. The designer can easily create arbitrary graphical presentations and assign behavioural roles for these presentations to build functional user-interface objects. In the DFE, the designer can specify sources, transformations and destinations of data by selecting user-interface objects designed in ADG, attaching functions to internal nodes or using special intermodule connection icons called ports. The DFE allows a limited programming capability through the diagrams to accommodate the needs of an evolving user interface. GSS demonstrates the smooth integration of a drawing environment for display design and a data-flow editor for runtime specification. The specifications can be executed for testing during the design process and saved for stand-alone execution. Our results

关键词： formal specification computer graphics flowcharting screen objects integrated environment programming environments Software engineering techniques graphical specification system User interfaces flexible runtime configuration ease-of-use data-flow diagram design concept Graphics techniques user-interface designers GSS runtime connection application modules user-interface module UIMS application display generator user-interface design tool DFE organising principle usability engineering tools future work flexibility interactive embedded system software data-flow editor ADG behaviour abstraction concept drawing environment programming support user interfaces flexible user-interface management system behaviour abstraction traditional notation interactive systems

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PERFORMANCE MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF LARGE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1987年第5期2卷 184-192页

作者： HALSALL, F HUI, SC UNIV SUSSEX SCH ENGN & APPL SCIBRIGHTON BN1 9QTENGLAND

This paper describes the rationale and design of an integrated set of software tools which havebeen implemented for use with a large real-time embedded system which is based on a distributed architecture. The tools include facilities to aid system-level program debugging, performance analysis and application-specific performance monitoring. Particular attention is paid to the user interface to the system and typical dialogue sequences are included.

关键词： software tools performance monitoring performance analysis systems analysis program debugging dialogue sequences large-scale systems design approach Systems analysis and programming large real-time embedded system offline event analysis integrated set distributed architecture user interface programming support application-specific performance monitoring system-level program debugging rationale interactive systems Diagnostic, testing, debugging and evaluating systems

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STRUCTURED PLANNING - DERIVING PROJECT VIEWS

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1990年第2期5卷 138-148页

作者： WILSON, DN SIFER, MJ UNIV TECHNOL SYDNEY SCH COMP SCIBROADWAYNSW 2007AUSTRALIA

Structured planning draws on the systems modelling approach of structured analysis and applies those ideas to project planning: the traditional elements of a project plan, the work breakdown structure and PERT diagram, are replaced by a levelled work Bow diagram and a deliverable dictionary. A technique for providing flexible summaries of the new project model, viewing,has been defined to assist with project tracking and control. This paper develops a formal definition of work flow diagrams and the technique of viewing in order to lay a theoretical foundation for structured planning, such that a complete set of operations to build and edit a levelled work flow diagram and deliverable dictionary can be specified and implemented in an automated project management tool.

关键词： flexible summaries software engineering automated project management tool project tracking project views programming support deliverable dictionary project planning project model Software engineering techniques systems analysis project support environments viewing structured planning structured analysis systems modelling levelled work flow diagram

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CASE IN THE 3RD-GENERATION

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1994年第4期9卷 159-166页

作者： GRIFFITHS, G UNIV TEESSIDE SCH COMP & MATHMIDDLESBROUGH TS1 3BACLEVELANDENGLAND

The paper outlines and analyses the development of CASE and proposes a direction for research and development. The focus is on analyst workbenches, rather than other types of CASE tool, but the proposals and conclusions are generally applicable to tools supporting other phases of the development life-cycle. The current generation of CASE tools has no knowledge of the software process. An architecture that combines a management control superstructure with the normal development tools is proposed for CASE in the next generation. The design of a superstructure, based on an existing CASE tool, is discussed.

关键词： management control superstructure software tools analyst workbenches programming support development life-cycle CASE tool CASE Software management project support environments DP management development tools research and development

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IMPROVING INFORMATION-SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND EVOLUTION USING A RULE-BASED PARADIGM

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1989年第5期4卷 259-267页

作者： LOUCOPOULOS, P LAYZELL, PJ UNIV MANCHESTER INST SCI & TECHNOLDEPT COMPMANCHESTER M60 1QDLANCSENGLAND

The problems inherent in the task of developing and maintaining information systems have received wide coverage. The need for more comprehensive approaches to system development has never been so great. The paper is concerned with the problems of developing and enhancing large, data-intensive, transaction-oriented systems (Business Information Systems). The essential problem with these systems is their inflexibility to change, compounded by the fact that most contemporary software processes fail to adequately address the specific problem of system evolution. The paper argues that the development of information systems requires the adoption of a new paradigm which recognises the explicit separation of organisational policy from programming code. This paradigm is regarded as an extension of contemporary practices which treat data and interfaces as being separate from application programs. A rule-based development environment, known as RUBRIC, is described, which serves as the means of achieving the objectives of this new paradigm.

关键词： interfaces programming support explicit separation evolution rule-based development environment programming code organisational policy programming environments system evolution rule-based paradigm management information systems information system development knowledge based systems RUBRIC application programs Business and administration transaction-oriented systems data

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LAW GOVERNED SYSTEMS

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1991年第5期6卷 285-302页

作者： MINSKY, NH RUTGERS STATE UNIV DEPT COMP SCINEW BRUNSWICKNJ 08903

This paper describes a software development environment based on a new approach for managing large-scale evolving systems. Under this approach, the conventional notion of a system is augmented with a new component called the law of the system, which is an explicit and strictly enforced set of rules about the operation of the system, about its evolution and about the evolution of the law itself. The resulting combination is called a law-governed system (LGS). The law of a system is not meant to provide its functional specification but to establish the ground rules under which the system is to operate and evolve. We believe that the very existence of such a law, together with assurances that it cannot be violated, can make the system more understandable and, in effect, simpler;in a similar way to how the physical world is effectively simplified by the laws of nature. The feasibility of the proposed architecture has been demonstrated by the construction of a prototype environment (Darwin/1) that supports law-governed systems. The efficacy of this approach has been tested by establishing a wide range of regimes over both the operation of a system and its evolution. These include encapsulation, class-inheritance, evolving layered architecture, various module-interconnection schemes, strategies for exception handling etc.

关键词： software engineering programming support prototype environment LGS exception handling law-governed system large-scale evolving systems Software management encapsulation software development environment programming environments module-interconnection schemes Software engineering techniques class-inheritance evolving layered architecture strictly enforced Darwin/1

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GENERATING READABLE SOFTWARE

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1987年第3期2卷 64-70页

作者： CROOKES, D QUEENS UNIV BELFAST DEPT COMP SCIBELFAST BT7 1NNANTRIMNORTH IRELAND

Software generators are important tools for software engineers. However, their usefulness is often diminished because of the poor readability of the generated code. By encouraging generator builders to give readability much higher priority, we aim to improve the usability of generators, and to encourage the uptake of formally based software engineering tools, particularly by those who feel less at home with formal specifications. This paper first makes out a case for generating readable software, and then proceeds to outline the sort of qualities which such a generating system should possess. Finally, some facets of an existing generator are described, and its operation as a parser generator illustrated.

关键词： application generators software engineering programming support software generators software engineers parser generator readable software

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EXECUTABLE SPECIFICATIONS AND CASE

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1994年第4期9卷 174-182页

作者： GASKELL, C PHILLIPS, R UNIV HULL DEPT COMP SCIKINGSTON HULL HU6 7RXN HUMBERSIDEENGLAND

The idea of executing graphical system models is not new. Several accounts of research in this area are well documented. Despite this, such research is still in its infancy, particularly in relation to CASE environments and the practical application of ideas. The paper considers executability within CASE, with a focus on executable specifications. The importance of executability is highlighted, and some of the work in the field is noted. An experimental executable specification tool is presented. The final conclusions drawn take a look into the envisaged future of executability in CASE.

关键词： visual programming software tools formal specification executable specification tool programming support Compilers, interpreters and other processors executable specifications Software engineering techniques program compilers CASE CASE environments executability graphical system models

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CHANGE-ORIENTED VERSION DESCRIPTIONS IN EPOS

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SOFTWARE ENGINEERING JOURNAL 1991年第6期6卷 378-386页

作者： GULLA, B KARLSSON, EA YEH, DS NORWEGIAN INST TECHNOL DIV COMP SYST & TELEMATN-7034 TRONDHEIMNORWAY INT SOFTWARE SYST AUSTINTX 78759

In EPOS,* software configuration management is based on the change-oriented versioning model. As part of a configured system specification, a version description is used to select the desired versions of different components that constitute the product. Furthermore, version descriptions are used to specify which versions are affected by a certain change. For large software systems comprising many variants, building a consistent configuration meeting specified requirements is not an easy task. In this paper, we propose a set of version description mechanisms and exemplify their use. An abstract description specifying the desired properties and functional requirements is expanded, using validities characterising properties of versions, preferences and defaults. We believe that the proposed mechanisms provide simpler, more intuitive and more compact descriptions of versions of large-scale software systems than conventional tools.

关键词： EPOS version description software tools software configuration management consistent configuration functional requirements programming support Expert systems and other AI software and techniques configured system specification large software systems change-oriented versioning model Software engineering techniques expert systems abstract description configuration management

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