programming heavily relies on entering text using traditional QWERTY keyboards, which poses challenges for people with limited upper-body movement. Developing tools using a publicly available speech recognition API co...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450356510
programming heavily relies on entering text using traditional QWERTY keyboards, which poses challenges for people with limited upper-body movement. Developing tools using a publicly available speech recognition API could provide a basis for keyboard free programming. In this paper, we describe our efforts in design, development, and evaluation of a voice-based IDE to support people with limited dexterity. We report on a formative Wizard of Oz (WOz) based design process to gain an understanding of how people would use and what they expect from a speech-based programming environment. Informed by the findings from the WOz, we developed VocalIDE, a prototype speech-based IDE with features such as Context Color Editing that facilitates vocal programming. Finally, we evaluate the utility of VocalIDE with 8 participants who have upper limb motor impairments. The study showed that VocalIDE significantly improves the participants' ability to make navigational edits and select text while programming.
People with physical impairments who are unable to use traditional input devices (i.e. mouse and keyboard) are often excluded from technical professions (e.g. web development). Alternative input methods such as eye ga...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450369749
People with physical impairments who are unable to use traditional input devices (i.e. mouse and keyboard) are often excluded from technical professions (e.g. web development). Alternative input methods such as eye gaze tracking and speech recognition have become more readily available in recent years with both being explored independently to support people with physical impairments in coding activities. This paper describes a novel multimodal application ("Voiceye") that combines voice input, gaze interaction, and mechanical switches as an alternative approach for writing code. The system was evaluated with non-disabled participants who have coding experience (N=29) to assess the feasibility of the application in writing HTML and CSS code. Results found that Voiceye was perceived positively and enabled successful completion of coding tasks. A follow-up study with disabled participants (N=5) demonstrated that this method of multimodal interaction can support people with physical impairments in writing and editing code.
An approach to the teaching and learning of high school computer science (CS) to and by educationally disadvantaged students (EDS) is described. We begin by outlining six pedagogical principles for designing learning ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769524435
An approach to the teaching and learning of high school computer science (CS) to and by educationally disadvantaged students (EDS) is described. We begin by outlining six pedagogical principles for designing learning environments appropriate for EDS. Then, the implementation of one of these principles is presented. Results from years of using the CS module developed based on these principles in Israeli schools show that at the end of the module, the students master basic programming tools and recognize basic algorithmic patterns. These findings indicate the potential contribution of the approach outlined here for EDS.
There is an immense interest in teaching computer science concepts - and programming specifically - to everyone. The United States Military Academy at West Point has required every student, regardless of major, to pas...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450358903
There is an immense interest in teaching computer science concepts - and programming specifically - to everyone. The United States Military Academy at West Point has required every student, regardless of major, to pass a computer science zero (CS0) course for the last 50 years: From punch cards to Python. We present a history of our CS0 course and the lessons learned from the most recent redesign of the course. We review the last decade of student assessments and how they influenced the latest iteration. We contrast the expectations of students in a CS0 course with those in a CS1 course. We discuss the national efforts to make CS accessible to all and explore the challenges unique to a CS0 course. We demonstrate similarities between our course and the Advance Placement CS Principles and show where differences are justified. We review the relevant pedagogical research for CS0 and present lessons learned over multiple iterations of the course. Based on our current course review and implementation, we believe that Computer Science for everyone is attainable and relevant to the needs of every student.
How to control and monitor devices when I'm not at home? It is a question that until the last century did not have an overwhelming answer from the engineeringjield. The technological de elopment of recent years ha...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509002283
How to control and monitor devices when I'm not at home? It is a question that until the last century did not have an overwhelming answer from the engineeringjield. The technological de elopment of recent years has allowed us to perform this task by uSing software and hardware tools: monitoring different devices from our smart phone comes down to simply downloading an app or entering a website. This article presents an application that can be example of how to answer the aforementioned question.
This paper introduces Code3, a system for user-friendly, rapid programming of mobile manipulator robots. The system is designed to let non-roboticists and roboticists alike program end-to-end manipulation tasks. To ac...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450343367
This paper introduces Code3, a system for user-friendly, rapid programming of mobile manipulator robots. The system is designed to let non-roboticists and roboticists alike program end-to-end manipulation tasks. To accomplish this, Code3 provides three integrated components for perception, manipulation, and high-level programming. The perception component helps users define a library of object and scene parts that the robot can later detect. The manipulation component lets users define actions for manipulating objects or scene parts through programming by demonstration. Finally, the high-level programming component provides a drag-and-drop interface with which users can program the logic and control flow to accomplish a task using their previously specified perception and manipulation capabilities. We present findings from an observational user study with non-roboticist programmers (N=10) that demonstrate their ability to quickly learn Code3 and program a PR2 robot to do manipulation tasks. We also demonstrate how the system is expressive enough for an expert to rapidly program highly complex manipulation tasks like playing tic-tac-toe and reconfiguring an object to be graspable.
Computer software now controls critical systems worldwide. International standards require such programs to be produced from mathematically-precise specifications, but the techniques and tools involved are highly, com...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769514081
Computer software now controls critical systems worldwide. International standards require such programs to be produced from mathematically-precise specifications, but the techniques and tools involved are highly, complex and unfamiliar to most programmers. We present a formal basis for extending a toot already used by software developers, the program compiler, to undertake much of the task automatically. This is done by devising a code generation strategy, based on program refinement theory, capable of translating specification constructs embedded in programs into executable code, without the need for programmer intervention.
A design pattern is a mechanism for encapsulating the knowledge of experienced designers into a re-usable artifact. Parallel design patterns reflect commonly occurring parallel communication and synchronization struct...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781581135886
A design pattern is a mechanism for encapsulating the knowledge of experienced designers into a re-usable artifact. Parallel design patterns reflect commonly occurring parallel communication and synchronization structures. Our tools, CO2P3S (Correct Object-Oriented Pattern-based Parallel programming System) and MetaCO(2)P(3)S, use generative design patterns. A programmer selects the parallel design patterns that are appropriate for an application, and then adapts the patterns for that specific application by selecting from a small set of code-configuration options. CO2P3S then generates a custom framework for the application that includes all of the structural code necessary for the application to ran in parallel. The programmer is only required to write simple code that launches the application and to fill in some application-specific sequential hook routines. We use generative design patterns to take an application specification (parallel design patterns + sequential user code) and use it to generate parallel application code that achieves good performance in shared memory and distributed memory environments. Although our implementations are for Java, the approach we describe is tool and language independent. This paper describes generalizing CO2P3S to generate distributed-memory parallel solutions.
Navigation of source code typically requires extensive use of a traditional mouse and keyboard which can present signifcant barriers for developers with physical impairments. We present research exploring how commonly...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450393904
Navigation of source code typically requires extensive use of a traditional mouse and keyboard which can present signifcant barriers for developers with physical impairments. We present research exploring how commonly used code navigation approaches (e.g. locating references to user-defned identifers, jumping to function defnitions, conducting a search for specifc syntax, etc.) can be optimized for multimodal voice interaction. An exploratory study was initially conducted with fve developers who have physical impairments to elicit insights around their experiences in navigating code within existing voice-controlled development environments. Findings from this study informed the design of a code editor integrating diferent navigation features tailored for multimodal speech input. A user evaluation with 14 developers with physical impairments was conducted with results demonstrating that all participants were able to successfully complete a series of standard navigation tasks. Participants also highlighted that the code navigation techniques were intuitive to use and provided a high-level of usability.
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