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Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

作者： Federico Espositi Maurizio Vetere Andrea Bonarini Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano Milano MI Italy

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Digital Forms for All: A Holistic Multimodal Large Language Model Agent for Health Data Entry

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACM ON INTERACTIVE MOBILE WEARABLE AND UBIQUITOUS TECHNOLOGIES-IMWUT 2024年第2期8卷 1-39页

作者： Cuadra, Andrea Breuch, Justine Estrada, Samantha Ihim, David Hung, Isabelle Askaryar, Derek Hassanien, Marwan Fessele, Kristen L. Landay, James A. Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA Monta Vista High Sch Cupertino CA USA Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr New York NY USA

Digital forms help us access services and opportunities, but they are not equally accessible to everyone, such as older adults or those with sensory impairments. Large language models (LLMs) and multimodal interfaces offer a unique opportunity to increase form accessibility. Informed by prior literature and needfinding, we built a holistic multimodal LLM agent for health data entry. We describe the process of designing and building our system, and the results of a study with older adults (N =10). All participants, regardless of age or disability status, were able to complete a standard 47-question form independently using our system-one blind participant said it was "a prayer answered." Our video analysis revealed how different modalities provided alternative interaction paths in complementary ways (e.g., the buttons helped resolve transcription errors and speech helped provide more options when the pre-canned answer choices were insufficient). We highlight key design guidelines, such as designing systems that dynamically adapt to individual needs.

关键词： Accessibility Health - Clinical Input Techniques Text/Speech/Language User Experience Design Older Adults Mobile Devices: Phones/Tablets Artifact or System Field Study Interaction Design prototyping/implementation Qualitative Methods

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Cowork: Gamified, Virtual Coworking Web Application to Support Remote Learning for Students 17th

Cowork: Gamified, Virtual Coworking Web Application to Suppo...

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17th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction (UAHCI) part of the 25th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)

作者： Blake, Isaac Roy, Tania New Coll Florida Sarasota FL 34243 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783031358968;9783031358975

Coworking spaces allow students focused on different tasks to work in the same environment, support productivity and self-efficacy, and promote social interactions and peer support. These spaces, physically, can include coffee shops, libraries, dedicated coworking spaces, and other locations. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, many of these spaces have been shuttered to potential visitors or are simply unsafe. Extended online learning periods during COVID-19 have led to social isolation and decreased student productivity and motivation. Some online applications begin to address the void left by the closure of these physical spaces. However, they all suffer from a lack of real-time interaction, productivity tools or focus, major accessibility issues, or a combination of those mentioned above. Cowork is a new interactive system that supports online coworking for students in a comfortable, virtual environment, built with accessibility features like keyboard navigation and screen-reader support.

关键词： Education/Learning prototyping/implementation Accessibility

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Exploring the Potential for Generative AI-based Conversational Cues for Real-Time Collaborative Ideation 16

Exploring the Potential for Generative AI-based Conversation...

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16th ACM Conference on Creativity and Cognition (C and C)

作者： Rayan, Jude Kanetkar, Dhruv Gong, Nicole Yang, Yuewen Palani, Srishti Xia, Haijun Dow, Steven P. Univ Calif San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA NYU New York NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798400704857

What is the potential value and role for AI to facilitate real-time creative discussions? The paper explores principles for Generative-AI based conversational support by investigating how humans - playing the role of an AI agent - generate contextual conversational cues to guide an ideation session. We studied n=42 people (14 triads) brainstorming through a remote meeting design probe that allows a wizard facilitator to oversee the ideation and send text-based cues that appear real-time in the ideator interface. Thematic analysis of conversations, cues and post-hoc reflections by facilitators uncovered focal points, strategies and challenges. Notably, 44% of the cues sent out by the facilitators were either dismissed or ignored because they did not notice the cue update. When ideators did notice cues, certain facilitator strategies impacted the conversation more than others. Based on our analysis, we present design opportunities to improve generative AI-based systems to better support real-time creative collaborations.

关键词： Creativity Support Collaboration Empirical Methods Mixed Methods prototyping/implementation

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CorFix: Virtual Reality Cardiac Surgical Planning System for Designing Patient Specific Vascular Grafts 20

CorFix: Virtual Reality Cardiac Surgical Planning System for...

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26th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST)

作者： Kim, Byeol Phong Nguyen Nar, Pratham Liu, Xiaolong Loke, Yue-Hin Mass, Paige Hibino, Narutoshi Olivieri, Laura Krieger, Axel Univ Maryland College Pk MD 20742 USA Johns Hopkins Univ Baltimore MD 21218 USA Childrens Natl Hosp Washington DC USA Univ Chicago Chicago IL USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450376198

Patients with single ventricle heart defect undergo Fontan surgery to reroute the blood flow from the lower body to the lung by connecting the inferior vena cava to the pulmonary artery using a vascular graft. Since each patient has an unique anatomical structure and blood flow dynamics, the graft design is a critical factor for maximizing the long-term survival rate of Fontan patients. Currently, designing and evaluating grafts involve computer aided design (CAD) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) skills. CAD incorporates numerous tools for design but lacks depth perception, surgical features, and design parameters for creating vascular grafts while visualizing and modifying patient anatomies. These limitations may lead to long lead times, inconsistent workflow, and surgically infeasible graft designs. In this paper, we introduce a novel virtual reality vascular graft modeling software - CorFix, that provides solutions to these challenges. CorFix includes several visualization features for performing diagnostics and surgical features with design guidelines for creating patient specific tube-shaped grafts in 3D. The designed vascular graft can be exported into a 3D model, which can be utilized for performing computational fluid dynamic analysis and 3D printing. The patient specific vascular graft designs in CorFix were compared to an engineering CAD software, SolidWorks (Dassault Systemes, Velizy-Villacoublay, France), by 8 participants. Through all participants had only received one time 10-minute tutorial on CorFix, CorFix had a higher success rate and 3.4 times faster performance in designing surgically feasible grafts than CAD. CorFix also scored higher in usability and lower in perceived workload than CAD. CorFix may be the tool that can enable medical doctors without 3D modeling background to design patient specific grafts.

关键词： 3D Modeling Virtual Reality prototyping/implementation Usability Study Applications

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Impact of Social Distancing to Mitigate the Spread of COVID-19 in a Virtual Environment 20

Impact of Social Distancing to Mitigate the Spread of COVID-...

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26th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST)

作者： Mason, Diego Marti Kapinaj, Matej Pinel Martinez, Alejandro Stella, Leonardo Univ Derby Dept Comp Derby England Univ Granada Ingn Informat Granada Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781450376198

A novel strand of Coronavirus has spread in the past months to the point of becoming a pandemic of massive proportions. In order to mitigate the spread of this disease, many different policies have been adopted, including a strict national lockdown in some countries or milder government policies: one common aspect is that they mostly rely around keeping distance between individuals. The aim of this work is to provide means of visualizing the impact of social distancing in an immersive environment by making use of the virtual reality technology. To this aim, we create a virtual environment which resembles a university setting (we based it on the University of Derby), and populate it with a number of AI agents. We assume that the minimum social distance is 2 meters. The main contribution of this work is twofold: the multi-disciplinary approach that results from visualizing the social distancing in an effort to mitigate the spread of the COVID-19, and the digital twin application in which the users can navigate the virtual environment whilst receiving visual feedback in the proximity of other agents. We named our application SoDAlVR, which stands for Social Distancing Algorithm in Virtual Reality.

关键词： Virtual Reality Digital Twin prototyping/implementation Usability Study Simulation

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Essence: Olfactory Interfaces for Unconscious Influence of Mood and Cognitive Performance 17

Essence: Olfactory Interfaces for Unconscious Influence of M...

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ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Amores, Judith Maes, Pattie MIT Medialab 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450346559

The sense of smell is perhaps the most pervasive of all senses, but it is also one of the least understood and least exploited in HCI. We present Essence, the first olfactory computational necklace that can be remotely controlled through a smartphone and can vary the intensity and frequency of the released scent based on biometric or contextual data. This paper discusses the role of smell in designing pervasive systems that affect one's mood and cognitive performance while being asleep or awake. We present a set of applications for this type of technology as well as the implementation of the olfactory display and the supporting software. We also discuss the results of an initial test of the prototype that show the robustness and usability of Essence while wearing it for long periods of time in multiple environments.

关键词： Olfactory Interfaces Wearable Computers Behavior Change Unconscious Pervasive prototyping/implementation Fabrication Fashion/Clothing Health - Wellbeing Smell

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BlowFab: Rapid prototyping for Rigid and Reusable Objects using Inflation of Laser-cut Surfaces 17

BlowFab: Rapid Prototyping for Rigid and Reusable Objects us...

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30th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST)

作者： Yamaoka, Junichi Niiyama, Ryuma Kakehi, Yasuaki Keio Univ Fujisawa Kanagawa Japan Univ Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450349819

This study proposes BlowFab, a prototyping method used to create a 2.5-dimensional prototype in a short time by combining laser cutting and blow molding techniques. The user creates adhesive areas and inflatable areas by engraving and cutting multilayered plastic sheets using a laser cutter. These adhesive areas are fused automatically by overlapping two crafted sheets and softening them with a heater. The user can then create hard prototypes by injecting air into the sheets. Objects can be bent in any direction by cutting incisions or engraving a resistant resin. The user can create uneven textures by engraving a pattern with a heat-resistant film These techniques can be used for prototyping various strong inflatable objects. The finished prototype is strong and can be collapsed readily for storage when not required. In this study, the design process is described using the proposed method. The study also evaluates possible bending mechanisms and texture expression methods along with various usage scenarios and discusses the resolution, strength, and reusability of the prototype developed.

关键词： Fabrication prototyping/implementation Creativity Support Smart materials

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Nooks: Social Spaces to Lower Hesitations in Interacting with New People at Work 23

Nooks: Social Spaces to Lower Hesitations in Interacting wit...

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CHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI)

作者： Bali, Shreya Khadpe, Pranav Kaufman, Geof Kulkarni, Chinmay Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Emory Univ Atlanta GA 30322 USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Atlanta GA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394215

Initiating conversations with new people at work is often intimidating because of uncertainty about their interests. People worry others may reject their attempts to initiate conversation or that others may not enjoy the conversation. We introduce a new system, Nooks, built on Slack, that reduces fear of social evaluation by enabling individuals to initiate any conversation as a nook-a conversation room that identifies its topic, but not its creator. Automatically convening others interested in the nook, Nooks further reduces fears of social evaluation by guaranteeing individuals in advance that others they are about to interact with are interested in the conversation. In a multi-month deployment with participants in a summer research program, Nooks provided participants with non-threatening and inclusive interaction opportunities, and ambient awareness, leading to new interactions online and offline. Our results demonstrate how intentionally designed social spaces can reduce fears of social evaluation and catalyze new workplace connections.

关键词： Computer Mediated Communication Workplaces Artifact or System prototyping/implementation

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ExpandFab: Fabricating Objects Expanding and Changing Shape with Heat 20

ExpandFab: Fabricating Objects Expanding and Changing Shape ...

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14th International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction (TEI)

作者： Kaimoto, Hiroki Yamaoka, Junichi Nakamaru, Satoshi Kawahara, Yoshihiro Kakehi, Yasuaki Keio Univ Yokohama Kanagawa Japan Univ Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450361071

ExpandFab is a fabrication method for creating expanding objects using foam materials. The printed objects change their shape and volume, which is advantageous for reducing the printing time and transportation costs. For the fabrication of expanding objects, we investigated a basic principle of the expansion rate and developed materials by mixing a foam powder and elastic adhesive. Furthermore, we developed a fabrication method using the foam materials. A user can design expanded objects using our design software and sets the expansion areas on the surface. The software simulates and exports the 3d model into a three-dimensional (3D) printer. The 3D printer prints the expandable object by curing with ultraviolet light. Finally, the user heats the printed objects, and the objects expand to maximum approximately 2.7 times of their original size. ExpandFab allows users to prototype products that expand and morph into various shapes, such as objects changing from one shape to various shapes, and functional prototype with electronic components. In this paper, we describe the basic principle of this technique, implementation of the software and hardware, application examples, limitations and discussions, and future works.

关键词： Fabrication prototyping/implementation Creativity Support Smart materials

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