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psychotic-like experiences and multimorbid psychopathology: The relationship between the 16-item prodromal questionnaire and DSM-IV classifications in a help-seeking population

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EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY 2024年第3期18卷 217-225页

作者： Palstra, Eline C. Ferwerda, Janneke van Duin, Esther D. A. Ising, Helga K. Nugter, M. Annet Smit, Filip van Der Gaag, Mark van den Berg, David Vrije Univ Amsterdam Dept Clin Psychol van der Boechorststr 7 NL-1081 BT Amsterdam Netherlands Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res van der Boechorststr 7 NL-1081 BT Amsterdam Netherlands Parnassia Acad Dept Psychosis Res The Hague Netherlands Mental Healthcare Org GGZ Noord Holland Noord Heerhugowaard Netherlands GGZ Rivierduinen Acad Leiden Netherlands Mental Healthcare Org GGZ Noord Holland Noord Dept Res & Care Evaluat Heerhugowaard Netherlands Trimbos Inst Dept Mental Hlth Prevent Utrecht Netherlands Amsterdam Univ Med Ctr Dept Epidemiol & Biostat Med Ctr Amsterdam Netherlands Vrije Univ Amsterdam Dept Clin Psychol Boechorststr 7 NL-1081 BT Amsterdam Netherlands Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Boechorststr 7 NL-1081 BT Amsterdam Netherlands

Aim: Identifying multimorbid psychopathology is necessary to offer more adequate treatment and ultimately reduce the prevalence of persistent mental illnesses. psychotic symptoms are increasingly seen as a transdiagnostic indicator of multimorbidity, severity and complexity of non-psychotic psychopathology. This study aims to investigate whether psychotic-like experiences and subclinical psychotic symptoms as measured by the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire are also associated with multimorbid ***: Participants were help-seeking individuals from outpatient mental healthcare settings and intensive home-treatment teams, aged 17-35. Assessment included the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire to measure psychotic-like experiences, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I, and three sections of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders to determine DSM-IV-TR classifications. The final sample comprised of 160 participants who scored above a cutoff of 6 items on the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire (HIGH-score) and 60 participants who scored below cutoff (LOW-score). A Poisson Regression was executed to determine the association between the PQ-16 and DS: M-IV-TR *** HIGH-score group had a mean of 2.76 multimorbid disorders (range 0-7), while the LOW-score group had a mean of 1.45 disorders (range 0-3). Participants with four to seven disorders scored high on the 16-item Prodromal ***: Our results suggest that psychotic-like experiences are associated with multimorbidity and severity of psychopathology. Screening for psychotic-like experiences via the PQ-16 in a help-seeking population may help prevent under-diagnosis and under-treatment of comorbid psychopathology.

关键词： 16-item prodromal questionnaire multimorbid psychopathology psychotic-like experiences subclinical psychotic symptoms

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psychotic-like experiences and Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents: The Chain Mediating Role of Insomnia Symptoms and Resilience

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PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCH AND BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT 2023年 16卷 3519-3530页

作者： Luo, Xi Yu, Taowen Yang, Zilu Wang, Dongfang Hunan Normal Univ Sch Educ Sci Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Cognit & Human Behav Key Lab Hunan Prov Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Hunan First Normal Univ Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Changsha Normal Univ Dept Appl Psychol Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Hunan Agr Univ Coll Educ Changsha Hunan Peoples R China South China Normal Univ Sch Psychol Ctr Studies Psychol Applicat Guangdong Key Lab Mental Hlth & Cognit SciMinist Guangzhou Guangdong Peoples R China Changsha Normal Univ Dept Appl Psychol Xingsha Rd Changsha Peoples R China South China Normal Univ Sch Psychol Shipai Rd Guangzhou Peoples R China

Background: Individuals who experience psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are at significant risk of suicide-related behaviors. This two-wave longitudinal study aimed to investigate the relationships among PLEs, insomnia symptoms, resilience, and suicidal ideation (SI) among ***: A total of 2231 college students [mean age (standard deviation) = 20.02 (1.39) years] completed two web-based surveys. Participants completed self-report measures of sample characteristics, PLEs, insomnia symptoms, resilience, and ***: The findings indicated a significantly positive correlation between PLEs and SI that was sequentially mediated by insomnia symptoms and resilience. Furthermore, insomnia symptoms and resilience played a chain-mediating role between PLEs and adolescent ***: These findings suggest potential mechanism for the PLEs-SI link, which helps us better understand how PLEs can influence individual SI and provides important information for early prevention.

关键词： psychotic-like experiences insomnia symptoms resilience suicidal ideation adolescents

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psychotic-like experiences from adolescence to adulthood: A longitudinal study

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SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH 2022年 248卷 1-7页

作者： Isaksson, Johan Angenfelt, Max Frick, Matilda A. Olofsdotter, Susanne Vadlin, Sofia Uppsala Univ Dept Med Sci Child & Adolescent Psychiat Unit Uppsala Sweden Karolinska Inst Ctr Psychiat Res Ctr Neurodev Disorders KIND Dept Womens & Childrens Health Stockholm Sweden Stockholm Health Care Services Stockholm Sweden Uppsala Univ Dept Psychol Emot Div Uppsala Sweden Uppsala Univ Vastmanland Cty Hosp Vasteras Ctr Clin Res Uppsala Sweden

psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), such as delusions and hallucinations, are regarded to occur along a spectrum and to be present also in non-help-seeking individuals from the general population. However, it remains unclear whether the occurrence of PLEs is a unique risk factor for future PLEs or a symptom of general psychopathology. In this study, we investigated whether PLEs during adolescence predict future PLEs in adulthood. A community -based cohort of 1146 young adolescents (mean age, 14.38 years) were assessed and then reassessed 6 years later (mean age, 20.15 years). Participants reported PLEs experienced in the past year, as well as symptoms of depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and conduct problems. We adjusted the analysis for other forms of psychopathology and sex differences. Participants who reported PLEs in adulthood had higher ratings for all preceding and co-occurring symptoms of psychopathology. In the adjusted logistic regression model, having PLEs and, to a smaller degree, anxiety during adolescence predicted PLEs in early adulthood. The association between baseline and future PLEs did not differ between males and females, although females were more likely to report PLEs during adolescence. Participants with persistent PLEs reported more hallucinations during adolescence than those with transient symptoms. Our findings suggest that the early occurrence of PLEs is an important and independent predictor of future PLEs and should be monitored to identify individuals with a high risk of future psychopathology and to enable early interventions.

关键词： psychotic-like experiences Adolescence Adulthood Internalizing Externalizing Anxiety

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psychotic-like experiences and Polygenic Liability in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study

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BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022年第1期7卷 45-55页

作者： Karcher, Nicole R. Paul, Sarah E. Johnson, Emma C. Hatoum, Alexander S. Baranger, David A. A. Agrawal, Arpana Thompson, Wesley K. Barch, Deanna M. Bogdan, Ryan Washington Univ Sch Med Dept Psychiat St Louis MO 63110 USA Washington Univ Dept Psychol & Brain Sci St Louis MO 63110 USA Univ Pittsburgh Dept Psychiat Pittsburgh PA USA Univ Calif San Diego Populat Neurosci & Genet Lab San Diego CA 92103 USA

BACKGROUND: Childhood psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) often precede the development of later severe psychopathology. This study examined whether childhood PLEs are associated with several psychopathology related polygenic scores (PGSs) and additionally examined possible neural and behavioral mechanisms. METHODS: Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study baseline data from children with European ancestry (n = 4650, ages 9-10 years, 46.8% female) were used to estimate associations between PLEs (i.e., both total and presence of significantly distressing) and PGSs for psychopathology (i.e., schizophrenia, psychiatric cross-disorder risk, PLEs) and related phenotypes (i.e., educational attainment [EDU], birth weight, inflammation). We also assessed whether variability in brain structure indices (i.e., volume, cortical thickness, surface area) and behaviors proximal to PGSs (e.g., cognition for EDU) indirectly linked PGSs to PLEs using mediational models. RESULTS: Total and significantly distressing PLEs were associated with EDU and cross-disorder PGSs (all %Delta R(2)s = 0.202%-0.660%;false discovery rate-corrected ps < .006). Significantly distressing PLEs were also associated with higher schizophrenia and PLE PGSs (both %Delta R-2 = 0.120%-0.216%;false discovery rate-corrected ps < .03). There was evidence that global brain volume metrics and cognitive performance indirectly linked EDU PGS to PLEs (estimated proportion mediated = 3.33%-32.22%). CONCLUSIONS: Total and significantly distressing PLEs were associated with genomic risk indices of broadspectrum psychopathology risk (i.e., EDU and cross-disorder PGSs). Significantly distressing PLEs were also associated with genomic risk for psychosis (i.e., schizophrenia, PLEs). Global brain volume metrics and PGSproximal behaviors represent promising putative intermediary phenotypes that may indirectly link genomic risk to psychopathology. Broadly, polygenic scores derived from genome-wide association studies of adult

关键词： Educational attainment MRI Polygenic Psychopathology psychotic-like experiences Schizophrenia

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Mental Health Literacy Buffers the Association Between Nightmare Distress and psychotic-like experiences Among College Students

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EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY 2025年第1期19卷 e13634页

作者： Chen, Xingyu Xu, Bingna Wang, Dongfang South China Univ Technol Sch Publ Adm Guangzhou Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Sch Marxism Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China South China Normal Univ Guangdong Emergency Response Technol Res Ctr Psych Ctr Studies Psychol Applicat Sch PsycholGuangdong Key Lab Mental Hlth & Cognit Guangzhou Peoples R China

BackgroundNightmares may lead to psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). The present study aimed to examine the potential moderating and mediating effects of mental health literacy (MHL) on the association between nightmare distress (ND) and PLEs among Chinese college *** total of 4000 college students who have had nightmares in the past year were assessed using the Chinese version of the nightmare distress questionnaire (NDQ-CV), mental health knowledge questionnaire (MHKQ), 15-item positive subscale of the community assessment of psychic experiences (CAPE-P15), 2-item insomnia questionnaire, 2-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-2), and a self-compiled sample characteristics *** ND and lower MHL were associated with an elevated risk of PLEs among college students when adjusting for sample characteristics, insomnia and depressive symptoms. Moderation analysis indicated that MHL buffers the association between ND and PLEs, such that a higher level of MHL attenuates the positive effect of ND on PLEs to a greater *** findings strongly stressed the urgent need for early intervention in college students with ND. Strategies should prioritise treating ND and enhancing MHL, as these may be effective approaches to preventing and reducing PLEs.

关键词： college students mental health literacy moderating effect nightmare distress psychotic-like experiences

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Longitudinal trajectories of psychotic-like experiences influence adolescent suicidal ideation: The mediating role of depressive symptoms

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JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS 2025年 383卷 306-314页

作者： Wang, Dongfang Xu, Bingna Qiu, Yang Li, Yukai Chen, Huanhuan Liu, Wanting Fan, Fang South China Normal Univ Guangdong Key Lab Mental Hlth & Cognit Sci Sch Psychol Minist EducKey Lab Brain Cognit & Educ SciCtr St Guangzhou Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Sch Marxism Hangzhou Peoples R China

Background: psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are strongly associated with poor mental health among adolescents. This study aims to investigate distinct longitudinal trajectories of the PLEs and their relationship to suicidal ideation (SI), as well as to evaluate the mediating effect of depressive symptoms on this link. Methods: A total of 7529 Chinese adolescents were surveyed on PLEs online during April 21 to May 12, 2021 (Time 1, T1), December 17 to 26, 2021 (Time 2, T2), and May 17 to June 5, 2022 (Time 3, T3). Depressive symptoms and SI were assessed at T1 and T3. Results: The prevalence of frequent PLEs across the three surveys was 13.5 %, 13.2 %, and 11.0 %, respectively. Five PLEs trajectories were identified: resistance (74.4 % of the sample), recovery (9.2 %), delayed-dysfunction (6.6 %), relapsing/remitting (7.0 %), and chronic-dysfunction (2.8 %). Adolescents in recovery, delayed-dysfunction, relapsing/remitting, and chronic-dysfunction trajectories compared with those in the resistant group were all more likely to experience SI at T3 after adjusting for a wide range of covariates. Depressive symptoms partially mediated the effects of PLEs trajectories (relative to the resistance trajectory) on SI (95 % CIs: 0.07-0.13, 0.37-0.48, and 0.28-0.41 for relapsing/remitting, delayed-dysfunction, and chronic-dysfunction trajectories, respectively). Conclusions: PLEs are common among adolescents and have heterogeneity of change patterns. The association between PLEs trajectories and SI is partially mediated by depressive symptoms. Timely assessment and targeted interventions for specific PLEs are necessary to reduce the incidence of mental disorders.

关键词： psychotic-like experiences Depressive symptoms Suicidal ideation Trajectories Mediating role

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Longitudinal relationship between internet addiction and psychotic-like experiences among Chinese college students

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COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY 2025年 137卷 152572-152572页

作者： Peng, Pu Zou, Hongyu Zhejiang Univ Sir Run Run Shaw Hosp Dept Psychiat Sch Med Hangzhou Zhejiang Peoples R China South China Normal Univ Ctr Studies Psychol Applicat Sch Psychol Guangzhou 510631 Peoples R China Indiana Univ Sch Med Indianapolis IN 46202 USA

Background: While previous cross-sectional studies have suggested a link between psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and internet addiction (IA), longitudinal evidence remains scarce. This study aimed to explore the prospective relationship between IA and PLEs among college students. Method: A total of 636 college students (80 % female) were assessed in November 2022 and again one year later. IA was measured using the Internet Addiction Diagnosis Questionnaire (IADQ), and PLEs were assessed with the 16-item Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16). Demographic, psychological, and environmental factors were collected and controlled. Multiple logistic regression and cross-lagged panel analyses examined the longitudinal associations between IA and PLEs. Results: At baseline, the prevalence of IA and PLEs was 11.3 % and 16.8 %, respectively. Higher baseline IADQ scores (Adjusted odds ratio = 1.035;95 % confidence interval = 1.002-1.069;p = 0.036) were independently associated with an increased risk of PLEs at follow-up, while baseline PQ-16 scores were not linked to later IA. Cross-lagged panel analysis revealed that IA at baseline predicted later PLEs ((3 = 0.082, p = 0.043), whereas baseline PLEs did not predict IA ((3 = 0.049, p = 0.255). Specifically, IA predicted unusual thoughts ((3 = 0.122, p = 0.003) and negative PLEs ((3 = 0.111, p = 0.008), but not perceptual abnormalities ((3 = 0.040, p = 0.301). Conclusion: IA may be an independent risk factor for PLEs in college students, particularly for unusual thoughts and negative PLEs, but not for perceptual abnormalities. Targeted interventions addressing IA may help reduce PLEs.

关键词： Internet addiction psychotic-like experiences College students Longitudinal Cross-lagged panel model

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The Role of Negative Symptoms on the Continuum of Psychosis Risk as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Personality and Functioning in Individuals With psychotic-like experiences

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EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY 2025年第3期19卷 e70027页

作者： Kruk, Dawid Gaweda, Lukasz Arciszewska-Leszczuk, Aleksandra Kalisz, Aneta Bladzinski, Piotr Frydecka, Dorota Cechnicki, Andrzej Jagiellonian Univ Med Coll Chair Psychiat Community Psychiat & Psychosis Res Ctr Krakow Poland Jagiellonian Univ Med Coll Doctoral Sch Med & Hlth Sci Krakow Poland Polish Acad Sci Inst Psychol Expt Psychopathol Lab Warsaw Poland SWPS Univ Fac Psychol Sopot Poland Wroclaw Med Univ Dept Psychiat Wroclaw Poland

Aim psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) may increase the risk of psychosis. Most of the research on PLEs focuses on their positive dimension-for example, hallucinatory-like experiences or delusion-like thoughts. Relatively little is known about the role of PLEs on the continuum of negative symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine whether negative symptoms, both in the experiential and expressive dimensions, could mediate the effects of temperament and character on the level of functioning of individuals with PLEs. Methods The study was conducted on 107 healthy young adults with the highest severity of PLEs, selected from a larger sample of 6722 people recruited for another study. Participants were examined using the Cloninger Temperament and Character Inventory, the Brief Negative Symptom Rating Scale, and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale. Results Both functioning and certain personality traits, such as harm avoidance, persistence, self-directedness, and cooperativeness, were more strongly associated with the occurrence of experiential rather than expressive negative symptoms. We have developed four models, in which we have shown that the experiential negative symptoms mediated the impact of the temperament and character traits on socio-occupational functioning. In each model, negative symptoms weakened the direct effect of the personality trait on functioning. Conclusions These findings suggest that, like at the other stages of psychosis risk, a constellation of specific temperament and character traits is a risk factor for functional decline, which may be partly explained by the effect of experiential negative symptoms. The study also confirms the different impact of the two domains of negative symptoms on functional outcomes, suggesting the need for developing targeted interventions.

关键词： experiential negative symptoms expressive negative symptoms functioning personality psychotic-like experiences temperament

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Evidence for Environmental Risk Factors and Cumulative Stress Linking Racial/Ethnic Identity and psychotic-like experiences in ABCD Study Data

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY 2025年第3期64卷 386-397页

作者： Petti, Emily Schiffman, Jason Oh, Hans Karcher, Nicole R. Univ Calif Irvine Irvine CA USA Univ Southern Calif Suzanne DworakPeck Sch Social Work Los Angeles CA USA Washington Univ Sch Med St Louis MO USA

Objective: Previous work has found increased endorsement of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) among marginalized racial and ethnic groups. According to social determinants frameworks, marginalized groups are at increased risk for exposure to socioenvironmental risk factors, including systemic factors (eg, poverty and poor housing conditions) and social stressors (eg, discrimination). We examine the extent to which environmental risk factors and stress account for associations between racial/ethnic groups with PLEs. Method: Analyses included 11,876 young adolescents 9 to 10 years of age from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Mediation models assessed whether stress at 1-year follow-up indirectly linked baseline environmental risk to later distressing PLEs at 2-year follow-up. Serial mediation models examined whether environmental risk and stress indirectly accounted for variation among racial/ethnic groups in self-reported distressing PLEs. Results: Through principal component and mediation analyses, we found evidence that the link between environmental risk (eg, poverty and exposure to crime) and distressing PLEs was mediated by stress. There was also evidence that higher endorsement of distressing PLEs within the Black and Hispanic groups was serially mediated by greater environmental risk and greater stress. Conclusion: The analyses provide evidence that the associations between marginalized racial and ethnic identities with the endorsement of PLEs partially reflects the sequelae of systemic socioenvironmental factors. Findings suggest the potential for intervening upon environmental risk factors to target the reduction of cumulative stress over time, which may in turn buffer against the development of PLEs. Plain Language Summary: Using longitudinal data from 11,876 young adolescents aged 9 to 10 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, this study examined environmental (eg, poverty, exposure to crime) and stress-relate

关键词： psychotic-like experiences environment stress race ethnicity

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Exposure profiles of social-environmental neighborhood factors and persistent distressing psychotic-like experiences across four years among young adolescents in the US

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PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE 2025年 55卷 e53-e53页

作者： Ku, Benson S. Yuan, Qingyue E. Christensen, Grace Dimitrov, Lina V. Risk, Benjamin Huels, Anke Emory Univ Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci Sch Med Atlanta GA 30322 USA Emory Univ Rollins Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Atlanta GA USA Emory Univ Rollins Sch Publ Hlth Dept Biostat & Bioinformat Atlanta GA USA Emory Univ Rollins Sch Publ Hlth Gangarosa Dept Environm Hlth Atlanta GA USA

Background Recent research has demonstrated that domains of social determinants of health (SDOH) (e.g. air pollution and social context) are associated with psychosis. However, SDOHs have often been studied in isolation. This study investigated distinct exposure profiles, estimated their associations with persistent distressing psychotic-like experiences (PLE), and evaluated whether involvement in physical activity partially explains this *** Analyses included 8,145 young adolescents from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study. Data from the baseline and three follow-ups were included. Area-level geocoded variables spanning various domains of SDOH, including socioeconomic status, education, crime, built environment, social context, and crime, were clustered using a self-organizing map method to identify exposure profiles. Generalized linear mixed modeling tested the association between exposure profiles and persistent distressing PLE and physical activities (i.e. team and individual sports), adjusting for individual-level covariates including age, sex, race/ethnicity, highest level of parent education, family-relatedness, and study *** Five exposure profiles were identified. Compared to the reference Profile 1 (suburban affluent areas), Profile 3 (rural areas with low walkability and high ozone), and Profile 4 (urban areas with high SES deprivation, high crime, and high pollution) were associated with greater persistent distressing PLE. Team sports mediated 6.14% of the association for Profile *** This study found that neighborhoods characterized by rural areas with low walkability and urban areas with high socioeconomic deprivation, pollution concentrations, and crime were associated with persistent distressing PLE. Findings suggest that various social-environmental factors may differentially impact the development of psychosis.

关键词： neighborhood characteristics physical activities psychotic-like experiences social determinants of health team sports

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