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SiC-MOSFET-Based High Voltage pulse generator for Testing Motor Insulation Used in EVs

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TRANSPORTATION ELECTRIFICATION 2025年第1期11卷 1026-1034页

作者： Khiz, Ali Kholgh Jayaram, Shesha H. Univ Waterloo Elect & Comp Engn Dept Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

The use of wide bandgap (WBG) power semiconductor devices in the transportation electrification area is gaining increased interest due to high power density, low power losses, high switching frequencies, and high operating temperatures. In specific, power electronics-based converters play a crucial role in driving the motors employed in the transportation area. However, concerns arise regarding motor insulation when employing WBG switching devices due to their fast rise time and high-frequency characteristics. These characteristics can place significant stress on the motor insulation, potentially causing premature failures. As such, it is essential to investigate motor insulation under the operation of WBG-based power converters. In this work, a high voltage (HV) pulse generator is developed specifically for studying the motor insulation of electric vehicles (EVs). The proposed system incorporates a converter based on SiC-MOSFETs, offering flexibilities with pulse amplitude, frequency, duty cycle, rise time, overshoot, and wave shape. The design and functionality of the proposed generator are evaluated through both MATLAB Simulink simulations and experimental results.

关键词： Switches Motors Insulation Switching circuits pulse generation generators Capacitors Electric vehicle (EV) motor insulation pulse generator SiC-MOSFET transportation electrification

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Structure of Self-Powered Modular High-Voltage and High-Current pulse generator for Magnetron

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS 2024年第5期39卷 5074-5088页

作者： Ding, Yue Duan, Jiandong Wang, Shuai Sun, Li Harbin Inst Technol Sch Elect Engn & Automat Harbin 150001 Peoples R China Harbin Ruichuan Power Machinery Equipment Co Harbin 150010 Peoples R China

This article proposed a structure of self-powered modular high-voltage and high-current pulse generator for magnetron. This modular structure allows the designed generator to be power expansion according to the power requirements for different magnetrons. The self-powered auxiliary power supply is utilized to achieve active driving for the mosfet, and its input power is taken from capacitance of the generator itself. Meanwhile, analyzing the effect of parasitic inductance caused by high di/dt on the dynamic response of the generator, and snubber circuits are incorporated to suppress its effect. Finally, optical fiber is used to realize the transmission of the PWM signal, which ensures the consistency of the signal. This structure allows the generator to solve the insulation problem and its power can be scaled up as requirements.

关键词： High current parasitic inductance pulse generator self-powered

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A 128-Gb/s PAM-4 Transmitter With Edge-Boosting pulse generator and Pre-Emphasis Asymmetric Fractional-Spaced FFE in 28-nm CMOS

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IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS 2025年

作者： Wu, Hongzhi Cheng, Xuxu Wu, Weitao Zhong, Liping Wang, Catherine Zhang, Yangyi Luo, Xiongshi Xu, Dongfan Pan, Quan Southern Univ Sci & Technol Sch Microelect Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

This article presents a 128-Gb/s current-mode four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) transmitter (TX) with a pre-emphasis asymmetric fractional-spaced feed-forward equalizer (AFS-FFE) and an edge-boosting pulse generator. The proposed pre-emphasis AFS-FFE mitigates unequal switching jitter (SWJ) in PAM-4 eyes, extending the minimum eye width by 67%. Additionally, the reconfigurable UI-spaced feed-forward equalizer (FFE) enhances the precision of the equalizer. The edge-boosting pulse generator accelerates the edge-transition speed of the driver's output signal, increasing the TX's bandwidth by 26%. Moreover, in the data path, the latch-minimized serializer eliminates 4:1 MUX input-side latches, thereby reducing the power consumption of the TX data path by 36%. Fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process, measurement results show that the PAM-4 TX can operate in both PAM-4 and non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modes, achieving a maximum data rate of 128 Gb/s with an energy efficiency of 1.5 pJ/bit.

关键词： Bandwidth pulse generation Power demand Equalizers Clocks Transmitters Topology Timing Latches Energy efficiency 4:1 serializer four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) fractional-spaced feed-forward equalizer (FFE) pulse generator transmitter (TX)

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Research on motor control method of high-speed continuous wave mud pulse generator

GEOENERGY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

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GEOENERGY SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2024年 239卷

作者： Cai, Wenbo Han, Chuanjun Pang, Dongxiao Li, Zhilin Feng, Yinxiang Liu, Tianyu Southwest Petr Univ Sch Mech Engn Chengdu 610500 Peoples R China CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engn Co Ltd Drilling & Prod Technol Res Inst Guanghan 618300 Peoples R China

Continuous-wave mud pulse transmission technology utilizes pulse generator as a carrier to realize data transmission through pressure waves. The effectiveness of signal generation is closely tied to the pulser control method. In this paper, numerical simulation and experimental methods are used to study the pulse generator high-speed control method. The findings indicate that, under unchanged conditions, the rotor's swing amplitude or final angle gradually increases, leading to a progressive rise in the peak value of the pressure wave. Subsequently, the pressure wave gradually tends towards a "rectangular" shape, resulting in distortion and reaching the limit conditions of waveform rounding. Experimental validation has been conducted to affirm the realism of the simulation. Based on the experimental results, a criterion for determining harmonic amplitude ratios has been proposed. The harmonic amplitude ratios alpha and beta are the primary and secondary criteria respectively, which are used to evaluate the quality of the pressure signal. Tests 3, 6, 12 and 17 were initially preferred for good signal quality. The evaluation of pressure signal quality requires comprehensive consideration of pressure, harmonic amplitude ratio and other factors. Specifically better signal quality: 180 degrees swing amplitude, motor zero position 220 degrees (Test 6;6Hz);150 degrees swing amplitude, motor zero position 210 degrees (Test 12;12Hz). Consequently, these two control strategies should be prioritized in the design of high-speed continuous-wave mud pulsers.

关键词： Continuous wave pulse generator Numerical simulation Control method

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A Passive Voltage-Balancing Method for Series-Connected SiC MOSFETs in pulse generator Based on Snubber Circuit

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS 2024年第7期71卷 7030-7041页

作者： Li, Xin Luo, Yifei Wang, Ruitian Shi, Zenan Xiao, Fei Natl Key Lab Electromagnet Energy Wuhan 430033 Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Elect Insulat & Power Equipment Xian 710049 Peoples R China

High-voltage nanosecond pulse generators based on series-connected silicon carbide (SiC) mosfets have many prospects in industrial applications. However, the traditional pulse generators cannot achieve voltage sharing and fast pulse rise speed at the same time, which has become one of the key issues limiting the development of generators in some applications. In this article, a novel passive snubber method base on voltage-balancing capacitors is proposed to tackle this issue. First, an analytical model of the pulse rise time of the generator is proposed based on the switching physical principles of the SiC mosfet. Then, a physics-based dynamic voltage-unbalancing model of the series-connected SiC mosfets in the pulse generator is established. Furthermore, based on the established pulse rise model and voltage-unbalancing model of the series-connected SiC mosfets, a voltage-balancing method is proposed which can be used to design optimal voltage-balancing capacitors. Finally, experiments are carried out on a +/- 5 kV nanosecond-pulse generator. The voltage imbalance ratio of series-connected devices is less than 3.1% and pulse rise time is less than 45.8 ns under different operation conditions, which verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

关键词： Dynamic voltage balancing pulse generator pulse rise time series connected wide-bandgap devices (SiC MOSFETs)

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Programmable pulse generator by Envelope Detection for Implantable Medical Devices

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IEEE JOURNAL OF ELECTROMAGNETICS RF AND MICROWAVES IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2025年第1期9卷 80-89页

作者： Zhang, Hao Zhou, Xiaozhou Zhou, Wenglong Northwestern Polytech Univ Sch Microelect Xian 710072 Peoples R China Northwestern Polytech Univ Yangtze River Delta Res Inst Suzhou 215400 Peoples R China

pulse generators in implantable medical devices need to be programmable and miniaturized. However, the existing designs of pulse generator cannot satisfy both of the requirements at the same time. This paper presents a novel design of pulse generators applying magnetic resonance, which is composed of a class-C inverter and an envelope detector, for implantable medical devices. Through simulation and tests, we verify the superiority of our design in programmability of the output pulse signal and miniaturization of the implants, compared with the conventional designs. The amplitude, frequency and duty cycle of the output pulse signal of the implanted receiver can be modulated by controlling the input signal of the transmitter outside the human body. And the footprint of the implanted receiver can be miniaturized to 12 mm x 14 mm x 5 mm, which is smaller than half the size of most of the existing products.

关键词： Breakdown voltage RLC circuits Envelope detectors Coils Implants Electric breakdown pulse generation pulse generator implantable medical devices envelope detector class-C inverter magnetic resonance

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Review of Nanosecond pulse generator With High-Power Switching Devices

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES 2024年第9期71卷 5165-5176页

作者： Ranjan, Aashish Abhishek, Anand Kumar, Niraj Verma, Brijendra Kumar Cent Elect Engn Res Inst CSIR Pilani 333031 India

A nanosecond pulse generator (NSPG), with a high peak voltage, short-duration pulsewidth, high repetition rate, and fast rise/fall times, has gained traction and is now used in several applications such as plasma, biomedical, and industrial. The pulse characteristics vary with the type of application and these are affected by the choice of the switching devices in any topology and other elements of NSPG. Therefore, a variety of NSPGs have been researched, which makes the selection of any particular topology for NSPG development a challenging task. Thus, to address this gap, the literature presents a review of several conventional and state-of-the-art topologies of NSPG with high-power (HP) switching devices such as spark gap, solid-state switches, magnetic switches, and other elements for various applications. It also presents the pulse's duration, voltage, current, power, rise/fall time, and repetition frequency for different applications. Furthermore, strategies for minimizing switching losses and other losses that substantially lower pulse generator efficiency are also discussed. Finally, a concise evaluation of available switching devices and other elements of NSPG, their pros and cons, and future directions are discussed to provide a clear understanding to designers and researchers.

关键词： Plasmas Nanobioscience Switches pulse generation Topology generators Voltage High voltage (HV) nanosecond pulse pulse generator rise/fall time

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A Modular Push-Pull-Flyback High-Voltage pulse generator for Electric Field Emulation During a Lightning Strike

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS 2023年第6期38卷 7322-7335页

作者： Zhang, Zhiyuan He, Hengxin Yu, Hui Li, Kejie Bian, Kai Chen, Weijiang Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol State Key Lab Adv Electromagnet Engn & Technol Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China State Grid Corp China Beijing 100000 Peoples R China Hefei Univ Technol Hefei 230000 Peoples R China

To meet the requirements of simulating the electric field during a lightning strike, there is an urgent need for a voltage pulse generator that generates voltage pulses that are equivalent to the electric field during the lightning strike. A new pulse generator structure based on a push-pull dc-dc converter and a flyback converter is proposed. The pulses produced by the proposed generator have a variable voltage rise rate, and a modular design is used for the generator. Each module works independently and is powered by an exclusive lithium battery, which avoids the problems of the need for a high-voltage dc source, current sharing, and a complex control strategy in existing generators. The electrical behavior of the proposed generator during the switching transient is analyzed considering the effects of both the semiconductor switching device (insulated-gate bipolar transistor) and transformer. The method of selecting the specifications of each component and the method of designing the core component are presented in this study. The accuracy of the transient model and the feasibility of the proposed generator are verified in experiments, and a 60-stage prototype that produces pulses with amplitudes in excess of 1 MV, widths of 1-3 ms, and a variable voltage rise rate is developed.

关键词： Flyback high-voltage modular pulse generator push-pull

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A modular switched-capacitor voltage multiplier-based multi-module high-voltage pulse generator for electrostatic precipitators applications

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ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2023年 65卷 503-520页

作者： Abdel-Azim, Wessam E. Elserougi, Ahmed A. Hossam-Eldin, Ahmed A. Alexandria Univ Fac Engn Dept Elect Engn Alexandria 21544 Egypt

Due to the severe impacts of climatic change, many recent developments in air cleaning systems have received an increasing attention. The best solution for expelling pollutant particles, met in industrial and commercial applications, is the electrostatic precipitator (ESP). One of the key components in the ESP system is the high-voltage power supply. Many recent studies have pro-ven that the sectionalization of industrial ESPs enhances their particle collection efficiency. Conse-quently, this paper proposes a new modular switched-capacitor voltage multiplier-based multi -module high-voltage pulse power supply. In the proposed configuration, the two different patterns of output pulse are adopted. The proposed scheme is characterized by its modular structure and its capability of providing two isolated high-voltage pulse generators for each two ESP bus sections from one low-voltage AC source with an adjustable repetition rate, a controllable pulse width, and the desired values of the base and pulse voltages. A detailed illustration and simulation results are presented for the proposed approach. A comparative study is presented to elucidate the advan-tages of the proposed topology in contrast with the existing topologies. Finally, a-1.2-kV, 0.36-kW experimental setup has been built to show the viability of the proposed concept.(c) 2022 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier BV on behalf of Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： High-voltage Marx generator (MG) Switched-capacitor voltage multiplier pulse generator Electrostatic precipitators

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A Bipolar pulse generator With High-Voltage Gain Based on Three-level Neutral-Point-Clamped Split-Source Inverter

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE 2023年第11期51卷 3325-3334页

作者： Elserougi, Ahmed Abdelsalam, Ibrahim Massoud, Ahmed M. Alexandria Univ Fac Engn Elect Engn Dept Alexandria 21544 Egypt Arab Acad Sci Technol & Maritime Transport Cairo Egypt Qatar Univ Elect Engn Dept Doha 2713 Qatar

Bipolar pulse generators represent a key element in various biomedical and industrial applications. This article presents a novel high-voltage bipolar pulse generator based on a split-source neutral-point clamped (NPC) inverter. The proposed pulse generator provides operation with low input dc voltage while generating output pulses with a high voltage gain. The boosting action is provided without a dedicated front-end boost converter, positively affecting the system cost. Detailed analysis of the circuit structure and operational concept is presented. Different versions of the proposed generator, namely, single module and multimodule, are presented. The multimodule version can be used to obtain multilevel pulses with higher voltage amplitudes. To validate the performance of the bipolar pulse generator, simulation and experimental results for a down-scaled prototype are presented.

关键词： Bipolar pulses pulse generator pulsed electric field split-source inverter

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