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Dynamics of Cell Death Due to Electroporation Using Different pulse parameters as Revealed by Different Viability Assays

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ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2024年第1期52卷 22-35页

作者： Peng, Wencheng Polajzer, Tamara Yao, Chenguo Miklavcic, Damijan Chongqing Univ Dept Elect Engn State Key Lab Power Transmiss Equipment & Syst Sec Chongqing 400044 Peoples R China Univ Ljubljana Fac Elect Engn Trzaska 25 Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia

The mechanisms of cell death due to electroporation are still not well understood. Recent studies suggest that cell death due to electroporation is not an immediate all-or-nothing response but rather a dynamic process that occurs over a prolonged period of time. To investigate whether the dynamics of cell death depends on the pulse parameters or cell lines, we exposed different cell lines to different pulses [monopolar millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond, and high-frequency bipolar (HFIRE)] and then assessed viability at different times using different viability assays. The dynamics of cell death was observed by changes in metabolic activity and membrane integrity. In addition, regardless of pulse or cell line, the dynamics of cell death was observed only at high electroporation intensities, i.e., high pulse amplitudes and/or pulse number. Considering the dynamics of cell death, the clonogenic assay should remain the preferred viability assay for assessing viability after electroporation.

关键词： Electroporation pulsed field ablation Cell death dynamics pulse parameters Viability assays

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Effect of pulse parameters on ablation efficiency in dual-frequency HIFU therapy

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ULTRASONICS 2023年第1期134卷 107064页

作者： Zhu, Qiaomiao Liu, Chuang Liu, Li Li, Yanhao Chongqing Med Univ Coll Biomed Engn State Key Lab Ultrasound Med & Engn Chongqing 400016 Peoples R China

High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has now been widely used to ablate various benign and malignant tumors. But it is still critical to increase the ablation efficiency in many clinical applications. Dual-frequency HIFU has been proven to be more efficient in ablation, but the principle on selecting the pulse parameters in this method remains to be explored. In this study, the in vitro lesion areas under different pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs), duty ratios, and frequency differences were compared, cavitation activity was also monitored during HIFU exposure. The results showed that different pulse parameters caused different types of lesions. In HIFU therapy, those pulse parameters that maximize the thermal effect, reduce heat dissipation and generate sufficient cavitation activities should be considered. But the method of evaluating or predicting the damage by using the cavitation dose is only applicable to mechanical damage.

关键词： Dual-frequency HIFU pulse parameters Ablation efficiency Cavitation dose

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Generation of microdischarge plasma in a pore: Effect of the pulse voltage parameters

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JOURNAL OF ELECTROSTATICS 2025年 135卷

作者： Yang, Zitong Shang, Kefeng Fu, Mengji Lu, Na Jiang, Nan Li, Jie Dalian Univ Technol Sch Elect Engn Dalian 116024 Peoples R China

Porous catalysts have important applications in plasma catalysis processes for nitrogen fixation, chemical synthesis, environmental pollutant treatment, and others. Understanding the generation mechanism of microdischarge in the pores is crucial for designing the catalysts suitable for plasma catalysis processes. In this paper, a two-dimensional fluid model was established to simulate the microdischarge characteristics in a pore at atmospheric pressure, mainly focusing on the effect of pulse voltage parameters, including voltage amplitude, pulse rise time, pulse width and pulse polarity. The results show that the pulse polarity significantly affects the production of microdischarge. Compared with negative pulse voltage, applying positive pulse voltage on the dielectric results in higher gas ionization rate and total ion density, and electron density as well as electron temperature are higher, which can promote the formation of microdischarge in the pore. In addition, high pulse voltage amplitude is more likely to produce microdischarge in a pore, while the pulse rising edge time and pulse width mainly affect electron density and electron energy. With the rise time increasing, the electron density increases significantly, and the electron temperature rises slightly. Moreover, the shorter the pulse width, the higher the electron temperature and electron energy. Higher pulse voltage, shorter pulse rise time and narrower pulse width can result in stronger electric field in and near the pore, benefiting the generation of microdischarge in a pore.

关键词： Dielectric barrier discharge Porous material Microdischarge pulse parameters pulse polarity

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Study on the pulse parameters of fast periodic pulsed reactor under stable operation

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ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY 2021年 160卷 108337-108337页

作者： Zhang, Liang Jiang, Xinbiao Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Xinyi Zhao, Wei Yang, Ning Zhu, Guangning Northwest Inst Nucl Technol State Key Lab Intense Pulsed Radiat Simulat & Eff 28 Pingyu Rd Xian Peoples R China

The fast periodic pulsed reactor utilizes rotating reflectors to introduce periodic varying reactivity, making the core generate continuous power pulses at a certain frequency. The pulse parameters under stable operation are extremely important in measuring the performance of the reactor. The critical search method of calculating the pulse parameters is established, and in order to further study the factors affecting the pulse parameters, a new theoretical estimation method is proposed. The two methods are verified in the IBR-2 with PuO2 as fuel, and the results are in good accordance with the experimental data. The fast periodic pulsed reactor FNPR with UO2 as fuel is designed. The pulse parameters of FNPR are calculated by the verified methods and compared with those of IBR-2. The results show that in terms of parameter quality, FNPR is inferior to IBR-2. The method of improving FNPR pulse parameters is also discussed herein. (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Periodic pulsed reactor pulse parameters

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Probabilistic seismic demand model of UBPRC columns conditioned on pulse-Structure parameters

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ENGINEERING STRUCTURES 2022年 270卷 1页

作者： Zhong, Jian Shi, Longfei Yang, Tao Liu, Xiaoxian Wang, Yixian Hefei Univ Technol Dept Civil Engn Hefei 230009 Peoples R China

Unbonded prestressed reinforced concrete (UBPRC) column has attracted the attention of many researchers in bridge seismic design because of its small residual displacement. However, the research on the mechanism and quantitative method of its seismic response under near-fault impulse ground motions is still insufficient. On this basis, a quantitative probabilistic mathematical model was established to evaluate the seismic demand of UBPRC columns with different structural parameters subjected to earthquakes with varying pulse parameters. Firstly, in order to describe the seismic response of UBPRC columns under pulse-like ground motions accurately and conveniently, a new parameter (x(T)) composed by fundamental period (T-1) and pulse period (T-p) was proposed. It is found that Gaussian function can well describe the relationship between the newly defined parameter and seismic demand, based on a set of seismic response databases of UBPRC columns with different heights under impulse ground motions. Secondly, considering that the peak pulse velocity (V-p) has a significant impact on the seismic response of bridge structures, the influence of V-p on the parameters of Gaussian function was studied, and the functional relationship between these parameters and V-p was established. Finally, a novel probabilistic seismic demand model (PSDM) considering structure parameters and pulse parameters was established, and its accuracy is verified. The quantitative mathematical model with multi pulse-structure coupled parameters can be adopted to conduct the seismic fragility analysis of UBPRC columns. The verification and application indicate that the proposed PSDM model can quickly and accurately estimate the seismic demand of UBPRC column under different near-fault impulse ground motions.

关键词： UBPRC column Near-fault impulse ground motion Seismic demand pulse parameters Structure parameter

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Surface morphology and crystal orientation of electrodeposited tungsten coatings with different pulse parameters

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Rare Metals 2018年第5期37卷 407-412页

作者： Xian-Qin Fang Ying Zhang Kai-Gui Zhu Wen-Jia Han Jian-Gang Yu Zhe Chen Hui-Jun Shi Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Materials and Physics School of Physics and Nuclear Energy EngineeringBeihang University

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of pulse parameters on the surface morphology and crystal orientation of the tungsten coatings electrodeposited on pure copper substrates. The deposited coatings were analyzed by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy-dispersive spectrometer （EDS）. SEM analysis indicates that pulse parameters have significant influences on the surface morphology of the deposited coatings. Meanwhile, the change in grain size of the tungsten coatings demonstrates that the change in frequency and duty cycle could cause the variation of nucleation rate and grain growth of deposits. Moreover, no obvious diffusion layer at the coating/substrate interface is found by line analysis of EDS. XRD results reveal that tungsten coatings are of bcc structure and the preferred orientation of the deposits varies with duty cycle and period.

关键词： Tungsten coating Electrodeposition pulse parameters Crystal orientation Surface morphology

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Effect of pulse parameters on Deposition in Concrete Crack using pulse Current Electro-deposition

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2018年第4期33卷 908-914页

作者：储洪强 WANG Tingting JIANG Linhua XU Yi SONG Zijian XU Ning ZHAO Sujing College of Mechanics and Materials Hohai University Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute

To evaluate the effect of pulse parameters on the formation of electrodeposits in concrete cracks, five different types of pulse current were set up, and ZnSO_4 and MgSO_4 solutions were used as the electrolytes. The rate of weight gain, rate of surface coating, rate of crack closure and crack filling depth were measured. Scanning electron microscopy was used to assess the morphology of the electrodeposits, and energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to analyze the mineral composition of the electrodeposits in the cracks. The experimental results demonstrate that, among five different pulse parameters, when T_（on）/T_（off）=0.8 ms/0.8 ms, the healing effect of electro-deposition is the best. The pulse mode hardly affects the mineral composition of the electrodeposits but changes the micromorphology. In addition, for both ZnSO_4 and MgSO_4 solutions, when T_（on）/T_（off）=0.8 ms/0.8 ms, the crystal structure of the electrodeposits is the most uniform and the densest.

关键词： pulse electro-deposition repair of concrete cracks pulse parameters healing effect

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Characteristics of Trichel pulse parameters in Negative Corona Discharge

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE 2017年第8期45卷 2191-2201页

作者： Lu, Binxian Sun, Hongyu Wu, Qiukun North China Elect Power Univ State Key Lab Alternate Elect Power Syst Renewabl Beijing 102206 Peoples R China North China Elect Power Univ Beijing Key Lab High Voltage & EMC Beijing 102206 Peoples R China

In order to investigate the characteristics of Trichel pulse in negative corona discharge, a corona discharge measurement system, and a simulation model are proposed. pulse parameters fit by double exponential function are discussed in this paper. Effects of the magnitude, interval, crest time, and fall time of the pulse on the parameters are discussed for different applied voltages and radii of curvature of the needle electrode. Fitting functions under different conditions are also given in this paper.

关键词： Exponential fitting negative corona discharge pulse parameters

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Influence of Microwave pulse parameters on the Burnout Effect of an LNA constructed by a GaAs PHEMT 5

Influence of Microwave Pulse Parameters on the Burnout Effec...

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The 5th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility

作者： Shipeng Yi Zhengwei Du Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University

ISBN: (纸本)9781509051861;9781509051854

In this paper,the influence of microwave pulse parameters on the burnout effect of a low noise amplifier(LNA)constructed by a GaAs PHEMT is *** burnout mechanism analysis and simulation verification,the vulnerable spot for the GaAs PHEMT in the studied LNA is below the gate and near the *** influences of the pulse width,the pulse repetition frequency(PRF) and the pulse number are analyzed by *** results show that for a single-shot microwave pulse,increasing the pulse width can reduce the burnout power threshold;for a repetitive microwave pulse,increasing the pulse width,the PRF and the pulse number all can reduce the burnout power threshold when other conditions remain unchanged.

关键词： pulse parameters low noise amplifier burnout effect PHEMT

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Influence of pulse parameters on the Damage Effect of the GaAs PHEMT Caused by the Repetition pulse

Influence of Pulse Parameters on the Damage Effect of the Ga...

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IEEE International Conference on Integrated Circuits and Microsystems (ICICM)

作者： Xi, XiaoWen Chai, ChangChun Yang, YinTang Liu, Yang Xidian Univ Sch Microelect Key Lab Minist Educ Wide Band Gap Semicond Mat & Devices Xian Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509028146

This paper investigates the influence of the pulse width, pulse period, and duty ratio on the damage effect of the GaAs pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (PHEMT) under the injection of the repletion pulse. First, a damage model is established and verified. Then, based on this model the influence of pulse parameters on the damage effect of the GaAs PHEMT is analyzed. It can be seen that the pulse parameters can significantly affect the damage effect of the device. The increase of the pulse width can aid the damage of the device by increasing the heat of the device obtained by the signal. The influence of the pulse period depends on its variation caused by the change of the pulse width or the pulse interval. When the variation results from the change of the pulse width, the pulse period is inversely proportional to the damage time of the device. When the variation results from the change of the pulse interval, the pulse period is directly proportional to the damage time. The duty ratio is inversely proportional to the damage time of the device by affecting the heat production and dissipation simultaneously. It is found that there is a pulse period and duty ratio safe thresholds. When the injected signal is in the threshold range, the device is safe and has not potential damage under the effect of the repetition pulse.

关键词： PHEMT the repetion pulse pulse parameters damage effect

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