This paper presents a neural circuit using PWM technique based on an analog-digital merged circuit architecture. Some new PWM circuit techniques are proposed. A bipolar-weighted summation circuit is described which at...
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This paper presents a neural circuit using PWM technique based on an analog-digital merged circuit architecture. Some new PWM circuit techniques are proposed. A bipolar-weighted summation circuit is described which attains 8-bit precision in SPICE simulation at 5 V supply voltage by compensating parasitic capacitance effects. A high performance differential-type latch comparator which can discriminate 1 mV difference at 100 MHz in SPICE simulation is also described. Next, we present a prototype chip fabricated using a 0.6 mu m CMOS process. The measurement results demonstrate that the overall precision in the weighted summation and the sigmoidal transformation is 5 bits. A neural network has been constructed using the prototype chips, and the experimental results for realizing the XOR function have successfully verified the basic neural operation.
This paper presents a comprehensive study of a full bridge (FB) zero-current switched (ZCS) PWM converter which is suitable for high-voltage and high-power de application that achieves ZCS for all active switches, and...
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This paper presents a comprehensive study of a full bridge (FB) zero-current switched (ZCS) PWM converter which is suitable for high-voltage and high-power de application that achieves ZCS for all active switches, and zero-voltage-switched (ZVS) operation for all diodes on the high voltage side. The given converter utilizes component parasitic parameters, particularly for the high-voltage transformer, and employs fixed-frequency phase-shift control to implement soft-switching commutations. Detailed steady state analysis of the converter power stage is presented for the first time and the major features of the converter's power stage are discussed. Small-signal characteristics are also presented and accompanied by a discussion of the controller design and implementation. A design example is also presented based on the steady state analysis and is validated by simulation. Theoretical and simulated results are in good agreement.
A single-phase five-level pulse-width modulation (PWM) rectifier with the function of power factor correction and current harmonics elimination is proposed to obtain a clean line current from an ac source. The adopted...
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A single-phase five-level pulse-width modulation (PWM) rectifier with the function of power factor correction and current harmonics elimination is proposed to obtain a clean line current from an ac source. The adopted rectifier uses neutral point diode clamped topology to reduce the voltage stress of power devices. Line current tracking, dc link voltage regulation and neutral point voltage compensation are performed by the inner loop current controller, outer loop voltage controller and voltage balance compensator, respectively. A variable structure-based current controller is employed to achieve a sinusoidal mains current. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, with the function of power factor correction as well as current harmonics elimination, is confirmed by the experimental results.
In most high-performance applications of voltage source pulse-width modulation inverters, current control is an essential part of the overall control system. In this paper, a hysteresis current control technique for a...
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In most high-performance applications of voltage source pulse-width modulation inverters, current control is an essential part of the overall control system. In this paper, a hysteresis current control technique for a single-phase five-level inverter with flying-capacitor topology is proposed. Logic controls and a programmable logic device are suitable for handling a large number of switches and implementation of state transitions. This method also considers how to improve unbalanced voltages of capacitors using voltage vectors in order to minimize switching losses. The simulation and experimental results describe and verify the current control technique for the inverter.
This paper investigates the operation of four space vector-based synchronized pulse-width modulation (PWM) strategies in the overmodulation zone using three different overmodulation algorithms. It is shown that the sy...
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This paper investigates the operation of four space vector-based synchronized pulse-width modulation (PWM) strategies in the overmodulation zone using three different overmodulation algorithms. It is shown that the symmetries in the PWM waveforms generated can be preserved in the overmodulation zone also. With any given overmodulation algorithm, the voltage control characteristics (i.e., fundamental voltage versus control variable) are found to vary with PWM strategy, pulse number and type of clamping. The inverse of the appropriate voltage control curve is used during premodulation to maintain the modulator gain constant. The differences in the nature of the voltage control characteristics with the different overmodulation algorithms are brought out. These characteristics are compared and contrasted against those at high switching frequencies. The harmonic distortion in the different cases is evaluated and compared. It is shown that the bus clamping strategies perform better than the conventional strategy with any given overmodulation algorithm employed. These strategies, which exploit the flexibilities in the space vector approach, are useful in high power drives on account of their superior waveform quality at low switching frequencies and high dc bus utilization.
The three-element resonant network has various topological alternatives, one of which, a prospective compound topology, is investigated in detail. The converter uses one capacitor (C) and two inductors (L-2), to form ...
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The three-element resonant network has various topological alternatives, one of which, a prospective compound topology, is investigated in detail. The converter uses one capacitor (C) and two inductors (L-2), to form a compound type CL2 network. Various advantages and limitations of the converter are detailed, and a new design procedure for such converters is also introduced. The converter may be controlled by varying the switching frequency or by pulse-width modulation. An experimental prototype has been produced and an excellent performance in the lagging power-factor mode has been confirmed.
A novel single-phase ac/dc converter with two pulsewidthmodulation (PWM) schemes is proposed to draw a sinusoidal line current with nearly unity power factor, achieve balanced neutral point voltage and regulate the d...
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A novel single-phase ac/dc converter with two pulsewidthmodulation (PWM) schemes is proposed to draw a sinusoidal line current with nearly unity power factor, achieve balanced neutral point voltage and regulate the de bus voltage. With the aid of neutral point clamped scheme, a three-level voltage pattern is generated on the ac side of the proposed rectifier. To track the line current command derived from a voltage controller and a phase-locked loop circuit, a hysteresis current control scheme is used in the inner loop control. A capacitor voltage compensator is employed to achieve the balanced neutral point voltage. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, the simulation and experimental results based on a laboratory prototype circuit are performed.
Field-oriented control and direct torque control are becoming the industrial standards for induction motors torque control. This paper is aimed to give a contribution for a detailed comparison between the two control ...
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Field-oriented control and direct torque control are becoming the industrial standards for induction motors torque control. This paper is aimed to give a contribution for a detailed comparison between the two control techniques, emphasizing advantages and disadvantages. The performance of the two control schemes is evaluated in terms of torque and current ripple, and transient response to step variations of the torque command. The analysis has been carried out on the basis of the results obtained by numerical simulations, where secondary effects introduced by hardware implementation are not present.
This paper presents schema of operation for floating voltage source multilevel inverters. The primary advantage of the proposed schema is that the number of voltage levels (and thus power quality) can be increased for...
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This paper presents schema of operation for floating voltage source multilevel inverters. The primary advantage of the proposed schema is that the number of voltage levels (and thus power quality) can be increased for a given number of semiconductor devices when compared-to the conventional "flying capacitor" topology. However, the new schema requires fixed floating sources instead of capacitors and therefore is more suitable for battery power applications such as electric vehicles, flexible ac transmission systems and submarine propulsion. Alternatively transformer/rectifier circuits may be used to supply the floating sources in a similar way to cascaded H-bridge inverters. Computer simulation results are presented for 4-level, 8-level, and 16-level inverter topologies. A 4-level laboratory test verifies the proposed method.
作者:
Keles, OErcan, YGazi Univ
Fac Engn & Architecture Dept Engn Mech Muhendislik Mimarlik Fak TR-06570 Ankara Turkey
In this study, the open loop and closed loop behaviours of a pulse-width modulated hydraulic system are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. First a mathematical model is formulated for the system and m...
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In this study, the open loop and closed loop behaviours of a pulse-width modulated hydraulic system are investigated both theoretically and experimentally. First a mathematical model is formulated for the system and methods for obtaining system responses to pulse-width modulated inputs are developed. Using these methods, the responses of the servo valve, the open loop as well as closed loop hydraulic systems are calculated for pulse-width modulated step and sinusoidal inputs. Effect of pulse frequency on the sinusoidal response is investigated. An experimental set-up, which consists of a PC as the controller, a pulse-width modulator, a servo valve driven hydraulic system and feedback elements, was constructed. Experiments show that precise position control can be achieved by using pulse-width modulated inputs in electro-hydraulic control systems. The results obtained for sinusoidal reference inputs show that the pulse frequency should be more than 50 times the reference input frequency for a satisfactory performance of the tested system, if the reference frequency is less than 10 Hz. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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