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2024 International Conference on quantum Computing and Engineering

作者： Behler, Joshua A. C. Al-Ramadan, Ali F. Baheri, Betis Guan, Qiang Maletic, Jonathan I. Kent State Univ Dept Comp Sci Kent OH 44242 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541378

The work aims to enable the use of common software engineering techniques and tools for quantum programming languages (e.g., OpenQASM). With the increased interest in quantum computing, researchers are adopting the use of higher-level quantum programming languages versus low-level circuit diagrams. While general purpose programming languages (e.g., C++, Python) are highly supported by a variety of software engineering tools, these novel programming languages for quantum computing have almost no support. Useable tools for debugging, static analysis, error detection, and transformation are currently non-existent. This work extends an existing software infrastructure (i.e., srcML) for the analysis, exploration, and manipulation of source code to OpenQASM. The srcML infrastructure, via parsing, generates abstract syntax information of programs to support high-level querying and analysis of the source code. With this, quantum developers can extract information and identify possible errors or inefficiencies in their programs. The paper presents the basic syntactic markup for OpenQASM. Also, a number of relevant quantum-based problems (e.g., iteration patterns, control recursion) are described and examples of how they are addressed using srcML are given.

关键词： quantum programming static program analysis openqasm

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On Repairing quantum Programs Using ChatGPT 5

On Repairing Quantum Programs Using ChatGPT

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5th International Workshop on quantum Software Engineering (Q-SE)

作者： Guo, Xiaoyu Zhao, Jianjun Zhao, Pengzhan Kyushu Univ Fukuoka Japan Kyuhu Univ Fukuoka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705700

Automated Program Repair (APR) is a vital area in software engineering that generates automatic patches for vulnerable programs. While numerous techniques have been proposed for repairing classical programs, quantum programming lacks a comparable automated repair technique. In this initial exploration, we investigate the use of ChatGPT for quantum program repair and evaluate its performance on Bugs4Q, a benchmark suite of quantum program bugs. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of employing ChatGPT for quantum program repair. Specifically, we assess ChatGPT's ability to address bugs within the Bugs4Q benchmark, revealing its success in repairing 29 out of 38 bugs. This research represents a promising step towards automating the repair process for quantum programs.

关键词： Automatic Program Repair quantum programming Debugging

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quantum Services: A Tutorial on the Technology and the Process

Quantum Services: A Tutorial on the Technology and the Proce...

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21st International Conference on Service-Oriented Computing (ICSOC)

作者： Romero-Alvarez, Javier Alvarado-Valiente, Jaime Moguel, Enrique Garcia-Alonso, Jose Murillo, Juan M. Univ Extremadura Quercus Software Engn Grp Caceres Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9789819709885;9789819709892

The emergence of quantum computing has introduced a new paradigm in the realm of computer science and software engineering, expanding the frontiers of computer applications designed for problem-solving. The transformation of quantum algorithms into services is a promising avenue to address this new paradigm, as it allows them to be integrated into conventional distributed applications. This tutorial provides an overview of the process of transforming quantum algorithms into quantum services. It explains how these quantum services can be effectively deployed, specifically using the Amazon Braket platform for quantum computing, and how they can be invoked through classical service endpoints. This tutorial not only presents the step-by-step methodology but also provides insight into best practices for successful implementation through a development process. It highlights the use of an extended version of the OpenAPI Specification and the automation capabilities offered by GitHub Actions, which play a key role in improving efficiency throughout the development and deployment phases.

关键词： quantum Computing Service-Oriented Computing quantum programming OpenAPI Continuous Deployment

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Qiskit pulse: programming quantum computers through the cloud with pulses

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quantum SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020年第4期5卷

作者： Alexander, Thomas Kanazawa, Naoki Egger, Daniel J. Capelluto, Lauren Wood, Christopher J. Javadi-Abhari, Ali McKay, David C. TJ Watson Res Ctr IBM Quantum Yorktown Hts NY 10598 USA IBM Res Tokyo IBM Quantum Chuo Ku 19-21 Nihonbashi Hakozaki Cho Tokyo 1038510 Japan IBM Res Zurich IBM Quantum Saumerstr 4 CH-8803 Ruschlikon Switzerland

The quantum circuit model is an abstraction that hides the underlying physical implementation of gates and measurements on a quantum computer. For precise control of real quantum hardware, the ability to execute pulse and readout-level instructions is required. To that end, we introduce Qiskit Pulse, a pulse-level programming paradigm implemented as a module within Qiskit-Terra [1]. To demonstrate the capabilities of Qiskit Pulse, we calibrate both un-echoed and echoed variants of the cross-resonance entangling gate with a pair of qubits on an IBM quantum system accessible through the cloud. We perform Hamiltonian characterization of both single and two-pulse variants of the cross-resonance entangling gate with varying amplitudes on a cloud-based IBM quantum system. We then transform these calibrated sequences into a high-fidelity CNOT gate by applying pre and post local-rotations to the qubits, achieving average gate fidelities ofF= 0.981 andF= 0.979 for the un-echoed and echoed respectively. This is comparable to the standard backend CNOT fidelity ofF(CX)= 0.984. Furthermore, to illustrate how users can access their results at different levels of the readout chain, we build a custom discriminator to investigate qubit readout correlations. Qiskit Pulse allows users to explore advanced control schemes such as optimal control theory, dynamical decoupling, and error mitigation that are not available within the circuit model.

关键词： QASM quantum computing pulse gate calibration quantum programming state discrimination Qiskit

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quantum types: going beyond qubits and quantum gates 5

Quantum types: going beyond qubits and quantum gates

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5th International Workshop on quantum Software Engineering (Q-SE)

作者： Varga, Tamas Aragones-Soria, Yaiza Oriol, Manuel Constructor Inst Schaffhausen Schaffhausen Switzerland Constructor Univ Bremen Bremen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705700

quantum computing is a growing field with significant potential applications. Learning how to code quantum programs means understanding how qubits work and learning to use quantum gates. This is analogous to creating classical algorithms using logic gates and bits. Even after learning all concepts, it is difficult to create new algorithms, which hinders the acceptance of quantum programming by most developers. This article outlines the need for higher-level abstractions and proposes some of them in a developer-friendly programming language called Rhyme. The new quantum types are extensions of classical types, including bits, integers, floats, characters, arrays, and strings. We show how to use such types with code snippets.

关键词： quantum computing quantum programming quantum data types High-level abstractions

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A Computer Science-Oriented Approach to Introduce quantum Computing to a New Audience

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION 2022年第1期65卷 1-8页

作者： Salehi, Ozlem Seskir, Zeki Tepe, Ilknur Ozyegin Univ Dept Comp Sci TR-34794 Istanbul Turkey IITiS PAN PL-44100 Gliwice Poland QWorld EE-10115 Tallinn Estonia Middle East Tech Univ Dept Phys TR-06800 Ankara Turkey

Contribution: In this study, an alternative educational approach for introducing quantum computing to a wider audience is highlighted. The proposed methodology considers quantum computing as a generalized probability theory rather than a field emanating from physics and utilizes quantum programming as an educational tool to reinforce the learning process. Background: quantum computing is a topic mainly rooted in physics, and it has been gaining rapid popularity in recent years. A need for extending the educational reach to groups outside of physics has also been becoming a necessity. Intended Outcomes: This study aims to inform academics and organizations interested in introducing quantum computing to a diverse group of participants on an educational approach. It is intended that the proposed methodology would facilitate people from diverse backgrounds to enter the field. Application Design: The introductory quantum physics content is bypassed and the quantum computing concepts are introduced through linear algebra instead. quantum programming tasks are prepared in line with the content. Pre/post-test design method and Likert scale satisfaction surveys are utilized to measure knowledge acquisition and to evaluate the perception of the learning process by the participants. Findings: Conducted pre/post-test design survey shows that there is a statistically significant increase in the basic knowledge levels of the participants on quantum computing concepts. Furthermore, no significant difference in the gain scores is observed between the participants from different STEM-related educational backgrounds. The majority of the participants were satisfied and provided positive feedback.

关键词： quantum computing programming profession quantum mechanics Linear algebra Education Task analysis Python Computer science quantum computing quantum information quantum programming science survey technology applications workshop

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Retargetable Optimizing Compilers for quantum Accelerators via a Multilevel Intermediate Representation

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IEEE MICRO 2022年第5期42卷 17-33页

作者： Nguyen, Thien McCaskey, Alexander Australian Natl Univ Quantum Brilliance Acton ACT 2601 Australia NVIDIA Santa Clara CA 95059 USA

We present a multilevel quantum-classical intermediate representation (IR) that enables an optimizing, retargetable compiler for available quantum languages. Our work builds upon the multilevel intermediate representation (MLIR) framework and leverages its unique progressive lowering capabilities to map quantum languages to the low-level virtual machine (LLVM) machine-level IR. We provide both quantum and classical optimizations via the MLIR pattern rewriting subsystem and standard LLVM optimization passes, and demonstrate the programmability, compilation, and execution of our approach via standard benchmarks and test cases. In comparison to other standalone language and compiler efforts available today, our work results in compile times that are 1,000x faster than standard Pythonic approaches, and 5-10x faster than comparative standalone quantum language compilers. Our compiler provides quantum resource optimizations via standard programming patterns that result in a 10x reduction in entangling operations, a common source of program noise. We see this work as a vehicle for rapid quantum compiler prototyping.

关键词： Qubit Codes Runtime Program Processors Optimization Computational Modeling Runtime Library Multilevel Systems Accelerators quantum Computing quantum programming programming Languages

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A proof system for disjoint parallel quantum programs

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THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2022年 897卷 164-184页

作者： Ying, Mingsheng Zhou, Li Li, Yangjia Feng, Yuan Chinese Acad Sci Inst Software State Key Lab Comp Sci Beijing Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Comp Sci & Technol Beijing Peoples R China Max Planck Inst Secur & Privacy Berlin Germany Univ Technol Sydney Ctr Quantum Software & Informat Sydney NSW Australia

In this paper, we define the operational and denotational semantics of a special class of parallel quantum programs, namely disjoint parallel quantum programs. Based on them, a proof system for reasoning about disjoint parallel quantum programs is developed, which is (relatively) complete even when entanglement between different processes appears in the preconditions and postconditions. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： quantum programming quantum Hoare logic Parallel programs Entanglement

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QRev: migrating quantum code towards hybrid information systems

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SOFTWARE QUALITY JOURNAL 2022年第2期30卷 551-580页

作者： Perez-Castillo, Ricardo Jimenez-Navajas, Luis Piattini, Mario Univ Castilla La Mancha Informat Technol & Syst Inst ITSI Paseo Univ 4 Ciudad Real 13071 Spain Univ Castilla La Mancha Fac Social Sci & IT Avd Real Fabr SedaTalavera Reina S-N Ciudad Real 45600 Spain

quantum computing is now a reality, and its incomparable computational power has led companies to show a great interest in being able to work with quantum software in order to support part of their current and future business operations. However, the quantum computing paradigm differs significantly from its classical counterparts, which has brought about the need to revolutionise how the future software is designed, built, and operated in order to work with quantum computers. Since companies cannot discard all their current (and probably mission-critical) information systems, they must adapt their classical information systems to new specific quantum applications, thus evolving towards hybrid information systems. Unfortunately, there are no specific methods with which to deal with this challenge. We believe that reengineering, and more specifically, software modernisation using model-driven engineering principles, could be useful as regard migrating classical systems and existing quantum programs towards hybrid information systems. This paper, therefore, presents QRev, a reverse engineering tool that analyses quantum programs developed in Q# in order to identify its components and interrelationships, and then generates abstract models that can be used in software modernisation processes. The platform-independent models are generated according to the Knowledge Discovery Metamodel (KDM) standard. QRev is validated in a case study involving five quantum programs in order to demonstrate its effectiveness and scalability. The main implication of the study is that QRev can be used in order to attain KDM models, which can subsequently be employed to restructure or add new quantum functionality at a higher abstraction level, i.e. independently of the specific quantum technology.

关键词： quantum computing quantum programming Reverse engineering KDM QRev

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Teaching quantum Computing using Microsoft quantum Development Kit and Azure quantum 4

Teaching Quantum Computing using Microsoft Quantum Developme...

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4th IEEE International Conference on quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE) / IEEE quantum Week / 2nd IEEE quantum Science and Engineering Education Conference (QSEEC)

作者： Mykhailova, Mariia Microsoft Quantum Redmond WA 98052 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343236

This report describes my experience teaching a graduate-level quantum computing course at Northeastern University in the academic year 2022-23. The course takes a practical, software-driven approach to the course, teaching basic quantum concepts and algorithms through hands-on programming assignments and a software-focused final project. The course guides learners through all stages of the quantum software development process, from solving quantum computing problems and implementing solutions to debugging quantum programs, optimizing the code, and running the code on quantum hardware. This report offers instructors who want to adopt a similar practical approach to teaching quantum computing a comprehensive guide to getting started.

关键词： Azure quantum Microsoft quantum Development Kit Q# quantum computing quantum computing education quantum programming

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