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Proceedings of the 38th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering

作者： Junjie Luo Jianjun Zhao Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350329964

quantum Intermediate Representation (QIR) is an LLVM-based intermediate representation developed by Microsoft for quantum program compilers. QIR is designed to offer a universal solution for quantum program compilers, decoupled from both front-end languages and back-end hardware, thereby eliminating the need for redundant development of intermediate representations and compilers. However, the lack of a formal definition and reliance on natural language descriptions in the current state of QIR result in interpretational ambiguity and a dearth of rigor in implementing quantum functions. In this paper, we present formal definitions for QIR's data types and instruction sets to establish correctness and safety assurances for operations and intermediate code conversions within QIR. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we provide examples of unsafe QIR codes where errors can be identified with our method.

关键词： quantum programming language

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Quingo: A programming Framework for Heterogeneous quantum-Classical Computing with NISQ Features

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON quantum COMPUTING 2021年第4期2卷 1–37页

作者： Fu, X. Yu, Jintao Su, Xing Jiang, Hanru Wu, Hua Cheng, Fucheng Deng, Xi Zhang, Jinrong Jin, Lei Yang, Yihang Xu, Le Hu, Chunchao Huang, Anqi Huang, Guangyao Qiang, Xiaogang Deng, Mingtang Xu, Ping Xu, Weixia Liu, Wanwei Zhang, Yu Deng, Yuxin Wu, Junjie Feng, Yuan Natl Univ Def Technol Inst Quantum Informat Coll Comp Changsha 410073 Peoples R China Natl Univ Def Technol Slate Key Ethosl High Performance Comp Coll Comp Changsha 410073 Peoples R China State Key Lab Math Engn & Adv Comp Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China Natl Univ Def Technol Coll Comp Changsha 410073 Peoples R China Yanqi Lake Beijing Inst Math Sci & Applicat Beijing Peoples R China Ctr Quantum Comp Peng Chong Lab Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China East China Normal Univ Shanghai Key Lab Trustworthy Comp Shanghai 200062 Peoples R China Zhengzhou Univ Sch Informat Engn Zhengzhou 150001 Peoples R China Natl Univ Def Technol Changsha Dept Comp Sci Coll Comp Changsha 410073 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Comp Sci & Technol Hefei 230027 Peoples R China Univ Technol Sydney Ctr Quantum Software & Informat Sydney NSW 2007 Australia

The increasing control complexity of Noisy Intermediate-Scale quantum (NISQ) systems underlines the necessity of integrating quantum hardware with quantum software. While mapping heterogeneous quantum-classical computing (HQCC) algorithms to NISQ hardware for execution, we observed a few dissatisfactions in quantum programming languages (QPLs), including difficult mapping to hardware, limited expressiveness, and counter-intuitive code. In addition, noisy qubits require repeatedly performed quantum experiments, which explicitly operate low-level configurations, such as pulses and timing of operations. This requirement is beyond the scope or capability of most existing QPLs. We summarize three execution models to depict the quantum-classical interaction of existing QPLs. Based on the refined HQCC model, we propose the Quingo framework to integrate and manage quantum-classical software and hardware to provide the programmability over HQCC applications and map them to NISQ hardware. We propose a six-phase quantum program life-cycle model matching the refined HQCC model, which is implemented by a runtime system. We also propose the Quingo programming language, an external domain-specific language highlighting timer-based timing control and opaque operation definition, which can be used to describe quantum experiments. We believe the Quingo framework could contribute to the clarification of key techniques in the design of future HQCC systems.

关键词： quantum programming framework quantum programming language quantum compilation NISQ timing control

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Design of a Real-Time Embedded Control System for quantum Computing Experiments

Design of a Real-Time Embedded Control System for Quantum Co...

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作者： Rademacher, Richard University of Waterloo

学位级别：硕士

This thesis describes the design of a real-time control system for trapped ion quantum computer experiments. It is framed in the context of the quantumIon project, a project at the University of Waterloo's Institute for quantum Computing that aims to provide a scalable, remote-operation ion trap for a wide variety of quantum research without the need for 'expert' ion-trap knowledge. The target users span the range of ion-trap researchers,algorithms researchers, performance benchmarking researchers, and quantum simulation *** control system features a user programming language, remote access to a compiling server, a sub-nanosecond time sequencing engine, arbitrary waveform generation for pulse shaping, and fully adjustable internal parameters. This platform affords the user extraordinary flexibility for many research use cases without requiring physical access. High-speed precision timing is achieved through the use of FPGA technology, while internal consistency (necessary for usability by non-experts) is achieved through an abstraction layer approach. Supercomputing-grade network infrastructure is employed to meet the strict timing requirements. An extensive suite of calibration tools and results is available to monitor machine-dependent parameters of the experiment. A sophisticated symbolic algebra system is used to create powerful calculations of precision timing sequences. Extensive automation is employed to remove the need for physical access, thus providing quantum computing to a wide audience. Under this model even the lowest-level control is avail-able to support innovative new designs, while a "library" of pre-defined sequences is also available to leverage "best practice" gates for those wishing rapid results. Finally, the user language itself is designed to be portable, allowing bindings to current popular classical languages such as Matlab and Python, and can be expanded for use in quantum-specific languages such as Cirq, Quill, and QASM .Thro

关键词： quantum computing real-time control ion trap scientific instruments qubit cloud computing fpga experimental quantum physics quantum programming language

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Efficient Formal Verification of quantum Error Correcting Programs

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Proceedings of the ACM on programming languages 2025年第PLDI期9卷 1068-1093页

作者： Qifan Huang Li Zhou Wang Fang Mengyu Zhao Mingsheng Ying Institute of Software at Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom University of Technology Sydney Sydney Australia

quantum error correction (QEC) is fundamental for suppressing noise in quantum hardware and enabling fault-tolerant quantum computation. In this paper, we propose an efficient verification framework for QEC programs. We define an assertion logic and a program logic specifically crafted for QEC programs and establish a sound proof system. We then develop an efficient method for handling verification conditions (VCs) of QEC programs: for Pauli errors, the VCs are reduced to classical assertions that can be solved by SMT solvers, and for non-Pauli errors, we provide a heuristic algorithm. We formalize the proposed program logic in Coq proof assistant, making it a verified QEC verifier. Additionally, we implement an automated QEC verifier, Veri-QEC, for verifying various fault-tolerant scenarios. We demonstrate the efficiency and broad functionality of the framework by performing different verification tasks across various scenarios. Finally, we present a benchmark of 14 verified stabilizer codes.

关键词： Formal verification Hoare logic quantum error correction quantum programming language

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A software methodology for compiling quantum programs

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quantum SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018年第2期3卷

作者： Haener, Thomas Steiger, Damian S. Svore, Krysta Troyer, Matthias ETH Theoret Phys CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland Microsoft Res Quantum Architectures & Computat Grp Redmond WA 98052 USA Microsoft Res Stn Q Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

quantum computers promise to transform our notions of computation by offering a completely new paradigm. To achieve scalable quantum computation, optimizing compilers and a corresponding software design flow will be essential. We present a software architecture for compiling quantum programs from a high-level language program to hardware-specific instructions. We describe the necessary layers of abstraction and their differences and similarities to classical layers of a computer-aided design flow. For each layer of the stack, we discuss the underlying methods for compilation and optimization. Our software methodology facilitates more rapid innovation among quantum algorithm designers, quantum hardware engineers, and experimentalists. It enables scalable compilation of complex quantum algorithms and can be targeted to any specific quantum hardware implementation.

关键词： quantum computing quantum programming language quantum compiler

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Model of a hybrid processor executing C plus plus with additional quantum functions

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MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROSYSTEMS 2014年第8期38卷 1000-1011页

作者： Elhoushi, Mostafa El-Kharashi, M. Watheq Elrefaei, Hatem Ain Shams Univ Comp & Syst Engn Dept Cairo 11517 Egypt Ain Shams Univ Engn Phys & Math Dept Cairo 11517 Egypt

The objective of this paper is to model a hybrid quantum processor capable of executing both classical and quantum instructions. The processor is modeled and simulated using VHDL. It consists of a MIPS R2000 processor with a quantum processing module embedded within it. Additionally, an assembler has been developed capable of interpreting assembly programs modeling quantum algorithms or circuits, containing instructions from both the standard MIPS instruction set as well as the quantum Assembly (QASM) instruction set. Furthermore, a quantum C++ library has been developed, with methods and classes to encapsulate the QASM instructions so that a programmer may use it to develop a C++ program implementing a quantum algorithm containing both classical and quantum parts. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： quantum ALU quantum assembly quantum C plus quantum computer quantum processor quantum programming language

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quantum software framework： a tentative study

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2013年第3期7卷 341-349页

作者： Nan WU Haixing HU Fangmin SONG Huimin ZHENG Xiangdong LI State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Department of Computer Science The Graduate School The City University of New York New York 10016 USA

In this paper we conduct a tentative study on the requirements and the structure for a quantum computer at the software level. From the software point of view, we describe the methodology used to minimize the decoherence. We con- struct the quantum instruction set for the higher-level computation. We also study the criteria for designing the quantum programming languages.

关键词： quantum software quantum computation quantum programming language

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quantum Computation: From a Programmer's Perspective

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NEW GENERATION COMPUTING 2013年第1期31卷 1-26页

作者： Valiron, Benoit Univ Penn Dept Comp & Informat Sci Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

This paper is the second part of a series of two articles on quantum computation. If the first part was mostly concerned with the mathematical formalism, here we turn to the programmer's perspective. We analyze the various existing models of quantum computation and the problem of the stability of quantum information. We discuss the needs and challenges for the design of a scalable quantum programming language. We then present two interesting approaches and examine their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, we take a step back, and review the state of the research on the semantics of quantum computation, and how this can help in achieving some of the goals.

关键词： quantum Computation Models of Computation quantum programming language Semantics

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Semantics of quantum programming language LanQ

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF quantum INFORMATION 2008年第SUPP01期6卷 733-738页

作者： Mlnarik, Hynek Masaryk Univ Lab Quantum Informat Proc & Cryptog Fac Informat Brno Czech Republic

We show a memory model of an imperative concurrent quantum programming language LanQ. The memory model is used to specify the shape of semantical structure upon which the language operational semantics is defined. We also outline the language abilities in the area of formal verification on an example implementation of teleportation protocol.

关键词： LanQ quantum programming language quantum process algebra semantics

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Semantics of quantum programming language LanQ

Semantics of quantum programming language LanQ

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International Meeting on Noise, Information and Complexity AT quantum Scale

作者： Mlnarik, Hynek Masaryk Univ Lab Quantum Informat Proc & Cryptog Fac Informat Brno Czech Republic

关键词： LanQ quantum programming language quantum process algebra semantics

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