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The effects of expertise a selection and subsequent a feedback on search term learning

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2005年第8期56卷 861-871页

作者： Hembrooke, HA Granka, LA Gay, GK Liddy, ED Cornell Univ Human Comp Interact Lab Ithaca NY 14853 USA Syracuse Univ Sch Informat Studies Ctr Nat Language Proc Syracuse NY USA

query formation and expansion is an integral part of nearly every effort to search for information. In the work reported here we investigate the effects of domain knowledge and feedback on search term selection and reformation. We explore differences between experts and novices as they generate search terms over 10 successive trials and under two feedback conditions. Search attempts were coded on quantitative dimensions such as the number of unique terms and average time per trial, and as a whole in an attempt to characterize the user's conceptual map for the topic under differing conditions of participant-defined domain expertise. Nine distinct strategies were identified. Differences emerged as a function of both expertise and feedback. In addition, strategic behavior varied depending on prior search conditions. The results are considered from both a theoretical and design perspective, and have direct implications for digital library usability and metadata generation, and query expansion systems.

关键词： search terms query formulation query expansion query refinement query by example user expertise search strategies

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An Intelligent System for Spoken Term Detection That Uses Belief Combination

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IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS 2017年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Khan, Wasiq Kuru, Kaya Univ Cent Lancashire Sch Engn Preston PR1 2HE Lancs England

Spoken term detection (STD) can be considered a subpart of automatic speech recognition that aims to extract partial information from speech signals in the form of query utterances. A variety of STD techniques available in the literature employ a single source of evidence for query utterance match/mismatch determination. In this article, the authors develop an acoustic signal processing-based approach for STD that incorporates several techniques for silence removal, dynamic noise filtration, and evidence combination using the Dempster-Shafer theory. Spectral-temporal features-based voiced segment detection and energy and zero cross rate-based unvoiced segment detection remove silence segments in the speech signal. Comprehensive experiments have been performed on large speech datasets and satisfactory results have been achieved with the proposed approach, which improves existing speaker-dependent STD approaches, specifically the reliability of query utterance spotting, by combining the results from multiple belief sources.

关键词： Automatic Speech Recognition Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient Speech Recognition Feature Extraction Mathematical Model Euclidean Distance Time Frequency Analysis Intelligent Systems Spoken Term Detection Acoustic Keyword Spotting query by example Dempster Shafer Theory Speech Recognition Speech Processing

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Spoken Content Retrieval-Beyond Cascading Speech Recognition with Text Retrieval

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IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING 2015年第9期23卷 1389-1420页

作者： Lee, Lin-shan Glass, James Lee, Hung-yi Chan, Chun-an Natl Taiwan Univ Dept Elect Engn Taipei 10617 Taiwan MIT Sci & Artificial Intelligence Lab Cambridge MA 02139 USA Google London SW1W 9TQ England

Spoken content retrieval refers to directly indexing and retrieving spoken content based on the audio rather than text descriptions. This potentially eliminates the requirement of producing text descriptions for multimedia content for indexing and retrieval purposes, and is able to precisely locate the exact time the desired information appears in the multimedia. Spoken content retrieval has been very successfully achieved with the basic approach of cascading automatic speech recognition (ASR) with text information retrieval: after the spoken content is transcribed into text or lattice format, a text retrieval engine searches over the ASR output to find desired information. This framework works well when the ASR accuracy is relatively high, but becomes less adequate when more challenging real-world scenarios are considered, since retrieval performance depends heavily on ASR accuracy. This challenge leads to the emergence of another approach to spoken content retrieval: to go beyond the basic framework of cascading ASR with text retrieval in order to have retrieval performances that are less dependent on ASR accuracy. This overview article is intended to provide a thorough overview of the concepts, principles, approaches, and achievements of major technical contributions along this line of investigation. This includes five major directions: 1) Modified ASR for Retrieval Purposes: cascading ASR with text retrieval, but the ASR is modified or optimized for spoken content retrieval purposes;2) Exploiting the Information not present in ASR outputs: to try to utilize the information in speech signals inevitably lost when transcribed into phonemes and words;3) Directly Matching at the Acoustic Level without ASR: for spoken queries, the signals can be directly matched at the acoustic level, rather than at the phoneme or word levels, bypassing all ASR issues;4) Semantic Retrieval of Spoken Content: trying to retrieve spoken content that is semantically related to the query,

关键词： Spoken content retrieval spoken term detection query by example semantic retrieval joint optimization pseudo-relevance feedback graph-based random walk unsupervised acoustic pattern discovery query expansion interactive retrieval summarization key term extraction

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BilVideo-7: An MPEG-7-Compatible Video Indexing and Retrieval System

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IEEE MULTIMEDIA 2010年第3期17卷 62-73页

作者： Bastan, Muhammet Cam, Hayati Gudukbay, Ugur Ulusoy, Ozgur Bilkent Univ Dept Comp Engn Ankara Turkey

BilVideo-7 is an MPEG-7-compatible, distributed, video indexing and retrieval system that supports complex multimodal queries in a unified framework.

关键词： Content Based Retrieval Database Indexing Multimedia Databases query Formulation Video Databases Video Retrieval Bil Video 7 MPEG 7 Video Indexing System Video Retrieval System Prototype Multimedia Database Management Systems query by example User Queries query By Keyword Multimedia Content Search Semantic Concepts Transform Coding Semantics Multimedia Communication Visualization XML Image Color Analysis Shape

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Spatiotemporal graph queries on geographic databases under a conceptual abstraction scale

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2014年第2期17卷 110-118页

作者： Panagiotis PARTSINEVELOS Konstantinos PAPADAKIS Konstantinos MAKANTASIS Laboratory of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering Department of Mineral Resources EngineeringTechnical University of CreteUniversity CampusChania 73100CreteGreece Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Technical University of CreteUniversity CampusChania 73100CreteGreece Computer Vision and Decision Support Laboratory Production and Management DepartmentTechnical University of CreteUniversity CampusChania 73100CreteGreece

Visual queries assist non-expert users to extract information from spatial databases in an intuitive and natural approach,making Geographic information systems comprehensive and efficient for a wide range of applications.A common visual means of querying takes the form of drawings or graphs,under which many spatial ambiguity and translation errors *** this study,common query attributes extracted from user graphs such as spatial topology,size,cardinality,and proximity are regarded under a conceptual moderation ***,the system/user may concentrate on various conceptual combinations of ***,time is incorporated to support spatiotemporal queries for changing scenes and moving ***,relative,and absolute scaling is possible according to the data-set and application at *** theoretic approach is implemented under a prototype user interface system,called *** this prototype,a user may extract scene-based relations in an automatically inferred fashion,or include single object-oriented relations when all possible relations seem ***,a natural language description of the query is extracted upon which the user may select the desired query *** on a spatial database demonstrates the concepts of predefined draw objects,scaling relaxation,conceptual abstraction,and scene,object-and textual-oriented transitions that promote query expressiveness and restrain ambiguities.

关键词： visual queries spatial topology spatiotemporal queries graph and sketch queries query by example

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Synthesizing Highly Expressive SQL Queries from Input-Output examples 2017

Synthesizing Highly Expressive SQL Queries from Input-Output...

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38th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI)

作者： Wang, Chenglong Cheung, Alvin Bodik, Rastislav Univ Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450349888

SQL is the de facto language for manipulating relational data. Though powerful, SQL queries can be difficult to write due to their highly expressive constructs. Using the programming-by-example paradigm to help users write SQL queries presents an attractive proposition, as evidenced by online help forums such as Stack Overflow. However, developing techniques to synthesize SQL queries from input-output (I/O) examples has been difficult due to SQL's rich set of operators. In this paper, we present a new scalable and efficient algorithm to synthesize SQL queries from I/O examples. Our key innovation is the development of a language for abstract queries, i.e., queries with uninstantiated operators, that can express a large space of SQL queries efficiently. Using abstract queries to represent the search space nicely decomposes the synthesis problem into two tasks: (1) searching for abstract queries that can potentially satisfy the given I/O examples, and (2) instantiating the found abstract queries and ranking the results. We implemented the algorithm in a new tool, called SCYTHE, and evaluated it on 193 benchmarks collected from Stack Overflow. Our results showed that SCYTHE efficiently solved 74% of the benchmarks, most in just a few seconds. Queries synthesized by SCYTHE range from simple ones involving a single selection to complex ones with six levels of nested queries.

关键词： Program Synthesis query by example SQL

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A Personal Look Back at Twenty Years of Research in Multimedia Content Analysis

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA COMPUTING COMMUNICATIONS AND APPLICATIONS 2013年第1期9卷 1–4页

作者： Effelsberg, Wolfgang Univ Mannheim D-68131 Mannheim Germany

This paper is a personal look back at twenty years of research in multimedia content analysis. It addresses the areas of audio, photo and video analysis for the purpose of indexing and retrieval from the perspective of a multimedia researcher. Whereas a general analysis of content is impossible due to the personal bias of the user, significant progress was made in the recognition of specific objects or events. The paper concludes with a brief outlook on the future.

关键词： Human Factors Algorithms Music analysis query by example video analysis user feedback face recognition text recognition brain-computer interface multimedia content analysis

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Interactive Retrieval of Spoken Content Optimizing by LDA Algorithm

Interactive Retrieval of Spoken Content Optimizing by LDA Al...

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International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control (I2C2)

作者： Chavan, Sayali S. Kagalkar, Ramesh Dr DYP Sch Engn & Technol Dept Comp Engn Pune Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781538603741

Communication between the human are performed by using different languages. Language is either in written or spoken form. In our paper, as an author we are representing a framework that gives output as a description for audio file using signal processing. The output is in the text format which is derived by examining the audio content and providing the description of audio in the text format. So the study of translation of audio into text goes increasing. The framework is distributed into two sections called training and testing section. The training section is train the audio with its description like speech conversation present in that audio. This data is stored in the system using database with features of scenario of audio. Another section is testing section. The testing section test the audio file and retrieve the output as description of audio comparing audios stored into database (i.e. in training section). Using Latent Dirichlet allocation processing sentences are generated from objects and their activities.

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SQuID: Semantic Similarity-Aware query Intent Discovery 18

SQuID: Semantic Similarity-Aware Query Intent Discovery

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44th ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data

作者： Fariha, Anna Sarwar, Sheikh Muhammad Meliou, Alexandra Univ Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450317436

Recent expansion of database technology demands a convenient framework for non-expert users to explore datasets. Several approaches exist to assist these non-expert users where they can express their query intent by providing example tuples for their intended query output. However, these approaches treat the structural similarity among the example tuples as the only factor specifying query intent and ignore the richer context present in the data. In this demo, we present SQUID, a system for Semantic similarity aware query Intent Discovery. SQUID takes a few example tuples from the user as input, through a simple interface, and consults the database to discover deeper associations among these examples. These data-driven associations reveal the semantic context of the provided examples, allowing SQUID to infer the user's intended query precisely and effectively. SQUID further explains its inference, by displaying the discovered semantic context to the user, who can then provide feedback and tune the result. We demonstrate how SQUID can capture even esoteric and complex semantic contexts, alleviating the need for constructing complex SQL queries, while not requiring the user to have any schema or query language knowledge.

关键词： SQL query discovery semantic similarity query by example

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TRYING, DESIRE, AND DESIRING TO TRY

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CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY 1994年第4期24卷 613-626页

作者： ADAMS, F Central Michigan University Mount Pleasant MI48859 USA

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size

关键词： Desire Smoking cessation Intentional action Counterexamples query by example Cigarettes Cognition Volition Intentionality Telephone numbers

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