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Multi-Party Cryptographic Key Distribution Protocol over a Public Network Based on a quick-response code

SENSORS 2022年第11期22卷 3994-3994页

作者： Yu, Wen-Kai Yang, Ying Li, Ya-Xin Wei, Ning Wang, Shuo-Fei Beijing Inst Technol Sch Phys Ctr Quantum Technol Res Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Sch Phys Key Lab Adv Optoelect Quantum Architecture & Meas Minist Educ Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

In existing cryptographic key distribution (CKD) protocols based on computational ghost imaging (CGI), the interaction among multiple legitimate users is generally neglected, and the channel noise has a serious impact on the performance. To overcome these shortcomings, we propose a multi-party interactive CKD protocol over a public network, which takes advantage of the cascade ablation of fragment patterns (FPs). The server splits a quick-response (QR) code image into multiple FPs and embeds different "watermark" labels into these FPs. By using a CGI setup, the server will acquire a series of bucket value sequences with respect to different FPs and send them to multiple legitimate users through a public network. The users reconstruct the FPs and determine whether there is an attack in the public channel according to the content of the recovered "watermark" labels, so as to complete the self-authentication. Finally, these users can extract their cryptographic keys by scanning the QR code (the cascade ablation result of FPs) returned by an intermediary. Both simulation and experimental results have verified the feasibility of this protocol. The impacts of different attacks and the noise robustness have also been investigated.

关键词： cryptographic key distribution multi-party communication computational ghost imaging quick-response code watermark embedding and extraction identity authentication

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Performance comparison of machine learning driven approaches for classification of complex noises in quick response code images

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HELIYON 2023年第4期9卷 e15108页

作者： Waziry, Sadaf Wardak, Ahmad Bilal Rasheed, Jawad Shubair, Raed M. Rajab, Khairan Shaikh, Asadullah Istanbul Aydin Univ Dept Software Engn TR-34295 Istanbul Turkiye Istanbul Nisantasi Univ Dept Software Engn TR-34398 Istanbul Turkiye New York Univ NYU Dept Elect & Comp Engn Abu Dhabi U Arab Emirates Najran Univ Coll Comp Sci & Informat Syst Dept Comp Sci Najran 61441 Saudi Arabia Najran Univ Coll Comp Sci & Informat Syst Dept Informat Syst Najran 61441 Saudi Arabia

quick response codes (QRCs) are found on many consumer products and often encode security information. However, information retrieval at receiving end may become challenging due to the degraded clarity of QRC images. This degradation may occur because of the transmission of digital images over noise channels or limited printing technology. Although the ability to reduce noises is critical, it is just as important to define the type and quantity of noises present in QRC images. Therefore, this study proposed a simple deep learning-based architecture to segregate the image as either an original (normal) QRC or a noisy QRC and identifies the noise type present in the image. For this, the study is divided into two stages. Firstly, it generated a QRC image dataset of 80,000 images by introducing seven different noises (speckle, salt & pepper, Poisson, pepper, localvar, salt, and Gaussian) to the original QRC images. Secondly, the generated dataset is fed to train the proposed convolutional neural network (CNN)-based model, seventeen pre-trained deep learning models, and two classical machine learning algorithms (Naive Bayes (NB) and Decision Tree (DT)). XceptionNet attained the highest accuracy (87.48%) and kappa (85.7%). However, it is worth noting that the proposed CNN network with few layers competes with the state-of-the-art models and attained near to best accuracy (86.75%). Furthermore, detailed analysis shows that all models failed to classify images having Gaussian and Localvar noises correctly.

关键词： Noisy images quick-response code Noise identification Noise classification Machine learning Deep learning CNN

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Secured Authentication using Challenge-response and quick-response code for Android Mobiles

Secured Authentication using Challenge-Response and Quick-Re...

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International Conference on Information Communication and Embedded Systems (ICICES)

作者： DhanashreePatil Guru, Shanti. K. DY Patil Coll Engn Dept Comp Engn Pune Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781479938346

Today Internet is the most widely used medium for accessing the information. On the internet, many websites are available for providing the information and also most of the services are getting Online such banking, insurance, shopping etc. These services providing websites requires the strong authentication. Multiple authentication methods have been developed such smart card based system, one time password, SMS based OTP system and some using biometric features. Some of these authentication systems require hardware devices, and this increases the cost. Users also have their accounts at many web sites, and they have to remember passwords of all these sites. To make the access easier, many websites support the concept of federated identity management, in which the user having a single account can log on to the other websites by authenticating themselves to a single identity provider. Android smart phones are getting more popular. In this paper, a system is proposed for secured authentication using Challenge response, quick response code, the identity provider and mobile phone, the most commonly used device. A quick response code is a two dimensional matrix code. It can store large amount of encrypted data, and it also has error correction ability.

关键词： Challenge-response quick-response code Federated Identity Management Open ID Provider

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quick response Auto-Coding and Recognition of Mixed Vapors Via Microlaser Array Sensor

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LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS 2024年第11期18卷

作者： Shan, Hongrui Wei, Qiheng Dai, Hailang Wang, Xueqian Yang, Hong Chen, Xianfeng Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Phys & Astron State Key Lab Adv Opt Commun Syst & Networks Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Shanghai Key Lab Mol Engn Chiral Drugs State Key Lab Met Matrix Composites Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Shandong Normal Univ Collaborat Innovat Ctr Light Manipulat & Applicat Jinan 250358 Peoples R China

The superior stimuli-responsiveness, narrow linewidth, and high spectral multiplexing capacity of microlasers have led to their use as photonic tags for molecular labeling, encryption, and anticounterfeiting. However, the requirement of consistent lasing features for repeated measurements and the need for lasing features to change regularly with varying analytes pose a challenge to the efficient and convenient authentication of laser-encoded photonic tags for practical applications. To address this challenge, an optical microsphere array is proposed that provides a set of real-time typical lasing spectra collected from microspheres coated with specific recognition surface films of different sizes capable of recognizing one analyte or a mixture of analytes. These lasing spectra were transformed into 2D grayscale barcodes. Additionally, a gray value-quick response code (GV-QR code) is developed using deep learning methods, which enables the real-time monitoring and identification of molecular concentration changes through GV-QR autocoding, resulting in more precise, wide-ranging, and reliable molecular detection. This work introduces an optical microsphere array system for real-time mixed vapors sensing, transforming whispering gallery modes lasing spectra into 2D grayscale barcodes. The deep learning-based gray value-quick response code facilitates precise auto-coding and identification of molecular concentration changes, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of molecular sensing in various applications. image

关键词： machine learning microlaser array mixed vapor sensor quick-response code whispering gallery modes

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Beyond the label: analyzing the presence and information behind the QR codes on alcohol containers in 13 European countries

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The International journal on drug policy 2025年 142卷 104862页

作者： Kokole, Daša Neufeld, Maria Correia, Daniela Rehm, Jürgen Pettigrew, Simone Paradis, Catherine Ferreira-Borges, Carina Sawaya, Melissa Causio, Francesco Andrea Nunez Fernandez-Shaw, Almudena Clemente Bermúdez, Lucía Senica, Patrik Plešnar, Laura Lenaers, Birte de Veld, Jasmijn Savvidou, Evangelia Pinho, António Pedro Vasconcelos, Rafael Pereira, Claudia Šelović, Mia Kiguolytė, Miglė Mergaert, Leander Tostado, Sara Suárez Mitra, Saloni Patalong, Mikołaj Tietz, Stephanie Maastricht Univ CAPHRI Care & Publ Hlth Res Inst Dept Hlth Promot POB 616 NL-6200 MD Maastricht Netherlands

INTRODUCTION:Digital labelling through quick-response (QR) codes is increasingly proposed by the alcohol producers to inform consumers without significantly modifying their original labels. Current alcohol labelling policy discourse in Europe often revolves around the advantages and disadvantages of digital labelling, yet evidence on actual practices and the information provided through QR codes is lacking. This study aimed to assess the presence of QR codes on alcohol labels in 13 European countries, as well as the accessibility and content of the information behind those. METHODS:The study methodology was developed with the EVID-ACTION Youth Network, with members sampling stores and products based on a co-developed mapping protocol. Thirty-four stores in 25 cities across 13 European countries were visited between April and August 2024. Descriptive analysis was conducted by beverage type and country. RESULTS:Of 1815 products examined, 31 % contained QR codes (23 % beers, 37 % wines, 30 % spirits). Most QR codes (84 %) were positioned on the back of containers, and 61 % had no explanatory text about their purpose. Most accessed websites were in local languages (75 %), with 36 % requiring age information to enter. Websites most commonly contained brand/drink information (46 %), followed by nutritional information (42 %), health information (42 %), and ingredient information (41 %). DISCUSSION:Almost a third of alcoholic beverages in 13 European countries contained QR code. However, most labels did not specify the purpose of the code. Furthermore, given the website content, there is concern that they serve as a promotional tool rather than providing access to nutritional and risk information.

关键词： Alcohol Health warning Labelling Nutritional information quick-response code

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Quality improvement project provides unexpected insights into hospitalized pain management

JCA Advances

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JCA Advances 2024年第3期1卷 100076-100076页

作者： Emily H. Garmon Jasmin Saucedo Brittney Morgan Malinda Sykora

Patient education and multidisciplinary treatment plans are key best practices for pain management in hospitalized patients. In a routine compliance review, stakeholders at Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple identified pain management patient education as an area needing improvement. A dual-sided medication explanation card was developed, including functional expectations and a QR code linking a companion website with additional pain management educational materials. This short communication details the results from a small quality improvement pilot study using QR code technology to deliver pain management education materials to hospitalized patients. Patients were surveyed the morning after admission and survey results are reported using standard descriptive statistics. Of 46 patients who received the education card, 44 reported well-controlled or moderately-controlled pain and 36 asked for as-needed pain medications. Fourteen patients said that the card was straightforward or made the medication options easy to understand. Per analytics, the companion website had at least 37 unique visitors during the survey period, with at least 8 visitors clicking additional links from the homepage. Though 30 % of patients reported that the education card was helpful and/or straightforward regarding medication options (as intended), five patients with moderately controlled pain who asked for as-needed medications reported they were delayed or ineffective, which revealed that timely administration and adjustments to regimens per patient feedback is also essential. Website analytics suggested that patients utilize and engage with available resources at differing rates. Limitations of this pilot study include small patient population, no pre-intervention comparator group, and disruption in analytics data gathering capabilities during the pilot. Despite limited qualitative data, the quality improvement objectively demonstrated regulatory compliance with pain management edu

关键词： Pain management Postoperative pain Acute pain Patient education ABCDEF Method Audience, Blueprint, Collaborators, Dissemination, Education, Feedback Method BSWMC-T Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Temple PMBP Pain Management Best Practices Team QR code quick-response code VAS Score Visual Analog Scale Score

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A GENERATION METHOD FOR ACOUSTIC TWO-DIMENSIONAL BARcode 5

A GENERATION METHOD FOR ACOUSTIC TWO-DIMENSIONAL BARCODE

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2016 5th IEEE International Conference on Network Infrastructure and Digital Content(IC-NIDC 2016)

作者： Ye Li Xiaofeng Ma Jingsai Jiang Peng Zhang Yanhong Fan Qiuyun Hao H.V.Davyday Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Computer Science Center(National Supercomputer Center in Jinan) Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radio electronics

ISBN: (纸本)9781509012473

With rapid development of information technology and upgrading of intelligent terminals,twodimensional barcode has been widely used as a carrier to store,transfer and retrieve *** to the limited capacity,current two-dimensional barcodes are designed to embed text-only *** this paper,a generation method for acoustic two-dimensional barcode is *** is based on speech compression,in which low encoding rate is obtained while maintaining high voice quality by introducing MELP compression *** compressed data stream is then embedded to generate the two-dimensional *** practical applications,the acoustic two-dimensional barcode can be easily scanned by the intelligent terminals installed with decoding software,and then the embedded speech can be decoded and *** compression rate is equal to 600 bps,the embedded speech length can up to39 ***,the application of two-dimensional barcode can be effectively promoted.

关键词： Two-dimensional barcode MELP speech compression quick-response code

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