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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Tian, Ling Sun, Yu Zhou, Yimin Xu, Xinhao Univ Elect Sci & Tech China Coll Comp Sci & Engn Hefei Peoples R China Univ Cent Arkansas Dept Comp Sci Conway AR USA Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Automat Engn Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479948

due to the high performance in the rate control of MPEG-4, the quadratic rate-distortion model has been widely proved. The rate control module in the reference software of H. 264/AVC directly inherits the quadratic model. However, the introduction of rate distortion Optimization (rdO) in H. 264/AVC makes rate control more complex than previous standards. Based on theoretical derivation and extensive experiments, this paper analyzes the model error of the quadratic model and the prediction error of MAd in H.264/AVC. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed linear MAd model achieves higher prediction accuracy than the quadratic mode does.

关键词： H.264/AVC rate Control r-d model model Error

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How to design a r-d model for UAV Video Transmission? 15

How to Design a R-D Model for UAV Video Transmission?

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15th IEEE International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing, WCSP 2023

作者： Yu, Zongyang Yang, Peng Cao, Xianbin Zheng, dezhi Quek, Tony Q. S. Oliver Wu, dapeng Beihang University School of Electronic Information Engineering Beijing China Peng Cheng Laboratory Department of Mathematics and Theories Shenzhen China Beijing Institute of Technology Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences Beijing China Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore City University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Kowloon Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324662

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) video transmission has been extensively applied in many crucial fields. However, the problem of designing a rate-distortion (r-d) model for UAV video transmission, which is essential for theoretical analysis of video coding and optimization of video transmission quality, is under-studied. The designed r-d model is desired to be simple, accurate, and generic owing to the limited capability of the UAV. Observing the key role of transformed residuals in the r-d model, this paper elaborately discusses the modeling of the transformed residual distribution and proposes an estimation algorithm to estimate the statistical parameter of the distribution. Specifically, considering the stringent requirements for low complexity and high generalization capability, we first design a linear parameter estimator by mining and analyzing UAV video statistical characteristics. Further, we develop a bias update scheme to improve the accuracy of the estimator. Test results on multiple real video sequences taken by UAVs show that the proposed estimation algorithm is more accurate than benchmarks. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： expectation maximization algorithm r-d model rate control video coding Video transmission

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The detection and information compensation of SAr layover based on r-d model

The detection and information compensation of SAR layover ba...

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2009 IET International radar Conference

作者： Cheng Kou Yang Jie Shi Lei Zhao Zheng The State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan University of China China Chinese Academy of Surveying and mapping Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781849190107

The traditional method of detecting radar layover is firstly calculating the local radar angle of the image pixel points, then comparing the local radar angle of adjacent pixels to determine the size of radar layover region. But this method is of low efficiency towards a complete radar images. This article is being launched to detect radar layover areas through the region growing algorithm and compensate gray information of the detected area with SAr image simulation on the basis of the semi-empirical backscattering model and r-d (range-doppler) model, with the radar noise finally added in radar layover area. The final tests verify it is effective to solve the problem of missing information in the layover area of radar orthophotos.

关键词： r-d model radar layover region Growing Algorithm

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Multi-Objective Optimization of Quality in VVC rate Control for Low-delay Video Coding

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IEEE TrANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PrOCESSING 2021年 30卷 4706-4718页

作者： Liu, Feiyang Chen, Zhenzhong Wuhan Univ Sch Remote Sensing & Informat Engn Wuhan 430079 Peoples R China

In this paper, a multi-objective optimization of quality based coding tree unit (CTU) level rate control method, named MOrC, for low-delay video coding of Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is proposed. Unlike the traditional rate control algorithms, objectives of minimizing average distortion and minimizing quality fluctuation are introduced and considered simultaneously to obtain the optimal solution. Weighting method is then used to convert the multi-objective optimization problem into a simplistic single-objective problem. Accordingly, given the target rate constraint, rate allocation is formulated as a convex optimization problem to achieve better trade-off among three multiple objectives: minimizing average video distortion, meeting rate constraint and minimizing video quality fluctuation. Based on the d-lambda model, a two-stage method is further proposed to solve the optimization problem. Experiments have been conducted on the test model of VVC, which is VTM 3.0. Compared with the state-of-the-art rate control algorithms, the proposed method can obtain the Pareto optimal solution, which dominates the solution of other methods and is able to achieve better trade-off among multiple objectives.

关键词： VVC quality fluctuation multi-objective optimization r-d model rate control

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rate control of MPEG video for consistent picture quality

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IEEE TrANSACTIONS ON BrOAdCASTING 2003年第1期49卷 1-13页

作者： Hong, SH Yoo, SJ Lee, SW Kang, HS Hong, SY Chonnam Natl Univ Dept Elect Comp & Informat Engn Puk Ku Kwangju 500757 South Korea Inha Univ Grad Sch Informat Technol & Telecommun Inchon South Korea Hanbat Natl Univ Div Informat Commun & Comp Engn Seoul South Korea Taegu Sci Coll Dept Comp Engn Taegu South Korea

In this paper, we propose a rate control scheme using a rate-distortion (r-d) estimation model, which produces a consistent picture quality between consecutive frames. The r-d estimation used in our rate control scheme offers a closed-form mathematical model that enables us to predict the bits and the distortion generated from an encoded frame at a given quantization parameter (QP) and vice versa. The most attractive feature of the r-d estimation is the low complexity of computing the r-d data. Furthermore, it is accurate enough to be applied to practical video coding. In our simulation, the estimation errors for the rate and the distortion are less than 2.5% and 1.5%, respectively. Therefore, the proposed rate control scheme, using this r-d estimation model is appropriate for applications requiring low delay and low complexity, and able to control the output bit-rate and quality accurately. Our rate control scheme ensures that the video buffers do not underflow and overflow by satisfying the buffer constraint and additionally prevents quality difference between consecutive frames from exceeding a demanded certain level by adopting the distortion constraint. In addition, a consistent picture quality is maintained within a frame and error propagation that is caused by quality degradation of anchor frames is reduced by differentiating the control procedure for the anchor frames from that for the nonanchor frames. Simulation results show that our control scheme achieves 0.52-1.84 dB peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNr) gain over MPEG-2 Test model 5 (TM5) rate control and maintains very consistent quality within a frame as well as between frames.

关键词： MPEG video rate control r-d model

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HCI degradation model based on the diffusion equation including the MVHr model

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MICrOELECTrONIC ENGINEErING 2007年第9-10期84卷 1921-1924页

作者： Lachenal, d. Monsieur, F. rey-Tauriac, Y. Bravaix, A. STMicroelectronics F-38926 Crolles France CNRS UMR 6137 L2MP ISEN F-85000 Toulon France

This paper presents an improvement of the r-d model explaining analytically the 0.5 exponent observed during HCI stress. An original model based on diffusion equation is proposed where the balance between the hot-hole-induced generation of dangling bonds and the passivation mechanisms via a Multi -Vibrational Hydrogen release is enlightened. The second and smaller slope observed is explained and modelled with the hot spot displacement along the Si-SiO2 interface.

关键词： HCI r-d model MVHr NLdEMOS

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Novel distribution model of transformed coefficients in video coding using quad-tree structured block partitioning

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MULTIdIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS ANd SIGNAL PrOCESSING 2017年第4期28卷 1589-1609页

作者： Kang, Je-Won Ewha W Univ Dept Elect Engn Seoul South Korea

Today's video coding standard such as high efficiency video coding uses a full quad-tree structured block partitioning, so the underlying statistics of transformed coefficients becomes more complicated to estimate than the previous standards due to the coding structure. However, a statistical distribution of transformed residue is important for a design of a smart encoder. Thus, in this paper, we present a theoretic analysis of a distribution of transformed coefficients produced from an encoder using different transform sizes, and derive a probability density function (pdf) for the estimation. The proposed density model provides a more accurate distribution model than the conventional pdfs. Parameters are theoretically estimated, and rate-distortion model is established from the proposed pdf. We also apply the proposed method to a rate control problem to show the efficiency of the proposed density model. Our experimental results show that the proposed method is better capable of modeling the mixed sources of multiple-type transform coefficients occurred from the quad-tree coding structure of transform and provides an accurate estimate in rate control.

关键词： dCT coefficient distribution Quad-tree structure HEVC r-d model Parameter estimation rate control

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On the effects of NBTI degradation in p-MOSFET devices

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PHYSICA B-CONdENSEd MATTEr 2012年第15期407卷 3031-3033页

作者： Hussin, H. Soin, N. Karim, N. M. Hatta, S. F. Wan Muhamad Univ Teknol MARA Fac Elect Engn Shah Alam 40450 Malaysia Univ Malaya Dept Elect Engn Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia

This paper presents the effects of interface trap concentration and threshold voltage shift on NBTI degradation in p-MOSFETs. To explore the degradation mechanisms, transistors having an EOT of 1.1 nm and 5 nm were simulated by applying various stress conditions. The NBTI degradation mechanism was studied by varying the gate voltage, temperature and substrate doping level. The simulations show NBTI degradation in terms of the threshold voltage shift, delta V-th and number of interface traps, delta N-it. The simulation results show an improved degradation trend in terms of delta V-th and delta N-it when the substrate doping level is increased. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： NBTI r-d model reliability Interface trap generation Effective oxide thickness Threshold voltage shift

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FAST WEIGHTEd ALGOrITHMS FOr BITSTrEAM EXTrACTION OF SVC MEdIUM-GrAIN SCALABLE VIdEO COdING

FAST WEIGHTED ALGORITHMS FOR BITSTREAM EXTRACTION OF SVC MED...

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International Conference on Multimedia and Expo

作者： Li, ruiheng Sun, Jun Gao, Wen Chinese Acad Sci Sch Informat Grad Univ Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Peking Univ Inst Comp Sci & Technol Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424474936

The Medium-Granular scalable (MGS) technologies in H.264/AVC-based scalable video coding (SVC) provide a flexible foundation to accommodate different network capacities. In order to make use of MGS in multiple environments conveniently, we need to obtain the rate-distortion (r-d) function of SVC and design efficient bitstream extractions. In this paper, we proposed a simple and effective distortion model to estimate the reconstruction distortion with drift error. Based on the model, a simple and fast weight-based priority setting algorithm is designed to achieve optimal r-d performance in MGS bitstream extractions. A smooth extraction algorithm is also provided for smooth quality substream extraction. Extensive experiments show the accuracy of the new r-d models and the effectiveness of the proposed extraction algorithms.

关键词： SVC MGS r-d model optimal extraction smooth extraction

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FrAME COMPLEXITY PrEdICTION FOr H.264/AVC rATE CONTrOL

FRAME COMPLEXITY PREDICTION FOR H.264/AVC RATE CONTROL

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo

作者： Tian, Ling Sun, Yu Sun, Shixin Univ Elect Sci & Tech China Coll Comp Sci & Engn Chengdu Peoples R China Univ Cent Arkansas Dept Comp Sci Conway AR USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424442904

rate control regulates the output bit rate of a video encoder in order to obtain optimum visual quality within the available network bandwidth and to maintain buffer fullness within a specified tolerance range. In this paper, we propose a novel rate control scheme for H.264/AVC video compression with a number of new features. We first introduce a calculation approach of frame complexity based on the linear prediction theory. Then, we propose a joint rate-distortion model which is an integration of a liner rate-complexity model and an exponential rate-quantization model. Finally, we develop an effective target bit estimation approach. Experimental results show that, compared with JVT-W042, our scheme achieves more accurate rate regulation, provides robust buffer control, efficiently reduces frame skipping, and improves visual quality.

关键词： rate control H.264/AVC r-d model Linear prediction

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