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2008年国际电子商务、工程及科学领域的分布式计算和应用学术研讨会

作者： Yuan Shen Wenbo Xu Dept of Computer,School of Information Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China

Though java was first used in an embedded system,due to some technical reasons java language is not widely applied to embedded *** change the situation, Sun defines some new java specifications for embedded application *** the real-time Specification for java(RTSJ)proposed,more and more programmers begin to devote to real-time java *** paper gives an overview of java-based embedded real-time systems and analyzes future work about java-based embedded real-time technology.

关键词： real-time java Embedded java Embedded real-time systems real-time Specification for java(RTSJ)

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HVM_TP: A time predictable and portable java virtual machine for hard real-time embedded systems

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CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2017年第22期29卷 e3828.1-e3828.26页

作者： Luckow, Kasper Soe Thomsen, Bent Korsholm, Stephan Erbs Aalborg Univ Dept Comp Sci Aalborg Denmark VIA Univ Coll Horsens Denmark

We present HVMTP, a time predictable and portable java virtual machine (JVM) implementation with applications in resource-constrained, hard real-time embedded systems, which implements all levels of the safety critical java (SCJ) specification. time predictability is achieved by a combination of time-predictable algorithms, exploiting the programming model of the SCJ profile and harnessing static knowledge of the hosted SCJ system. This paper presents HVMTP in terms of its design and capabilities and demonstrates how a complete timing model of the JVM represented as a network of timed automata can be obtained using the tool TETASARTS(JVM). The timing model readily integrates with the rest of the TETASARTS tool set for temporal verification of SCJ systems. We will also show how a complete timing scheme in terms of safe worst-case execution times and best-case execution times of the java bytecodes can be derived from the model. Furthermore, we take a first look at how to support the new java 8 language feature of Lambda expressions in a SCJ context - we look in particular at how the invokedynamic bytecode can be implemented in a time-predictable way and integrated in HVMTP. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： java virtual machine real-time java time predictability model checking

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A component framework for java-based real-time embedded systems 08

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Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IFIP/USENIX International Conference on Middleware

作者： Aleš Plšek Frédéric Loiret Philippe Merle Lionel Seinturier USTL-LIFL CNRS UMR Villeneuve d'Ascq France

ISBN: (纸本)9783540898559

The real-time Specification for java (RTSJ) [13] is becoming a popular choice in the world of real-time and embedded programming. However, RTSJ introduces many non-intuitive rules and restrictions which prevent its wide adoption. Moreover, current state-of-the-art frameworks usually fail to alleviate the development process into higher layers of the software development life-cycle. In this paper we extend our philosophy that RTSJ concepts need to be considered at early stages of software development, postulated in our prior work [2], in a framework that provides continuum between the design and implementation process. A component model designed specially for RTSJ serves here as a cornerstone. As the first contribution of this work, we propose a development process where RTSJ concepts are manipulated independently of functional aspects. Second, we mitigate complexities of RTSJ-development by automatically generating execution infrastructure where real-time concerns are transparently managed. We thus allow developers to create systems for variously constrained real-time and embedded environments. Performed benchmarks show that the overhead of the framework is minimal in comparison to manually written object-oriented applications, while providing more extensive functionality. Finally, the framework is designed with the stress on dynamic adaptability of target systems, a property we envisage as a fundamental in an upcoming era of massively developed real-time systems.

关键词： RTSJ component framework real-time java middleware

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Fine tuning of the multiplexing facilities of java's Remote Method Invocation

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CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2011年第11期23卷 1236-1260页

作者： Basanta-Val, Pablo Garcia-Valls, Marisol Estevez-Ayres, Iria Fernandez-Gonzalez, Jorge Univ Carlos III Madrid Dpto Ingn Telemat Leganes Spain

The proliferation of a new generation of distributed real-time embedded systems (DRE) characterized by special restrictions on its storage capacities, its available computation time, and the messages they can send through the network suggests a comprehensive redesign of the current distribution infrastructure in order to tune its performance. In this changing panorama, the paper concerns one of the protocols, java's Remote Method Protocol (JRMP), used nowadays to interconnect different nodes of a distributed java system, and explores the cost of integrating an improved protocol-level multiplexing strategy in the context of an end-to-end remote invocation. The new multiplexing strategy helps middleware manage more efficiently unscheduled invocations that appear at runtime generated from a certain client node, especially in cases where preallocation of resources or dimensioning for the worst-case are techniques not plausible. To this end, the paper examines an alternative based on the definition of a new subprotocol, called ConnectionLess, which offers built-in multiplexing facilities for distributed java applications. The performance of the new subprotocol is compared against the three already defined by JRMP (namely SingleOp, Stream, and Multiplex), taking into consideration parameters such as memory consumed in the java's virtual machine and end-to-end response times. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： java's Remote Method Invocation (RMI) JRMP protocol optimization multiplexing facilities optimization real-time java

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Dedicated hardware based enhancements for implementing the java virtual machine

Dedicated hardware based enhancements for implementing the J...

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International Conference on Embedded Systems and Applications (ESA 05)

作者： Desai, A Cain, G Singh, J Veljanovski, R Victoria Univ Technol Ctr Telecommun & Microelect Melbourne Vic Australia

ISBN: (纸本)193241553X

In spite of the popularly of java, its slow performance and unpredictable execution characteristics are still some of the most challenging issues faced by designers for real-time applications. In the past, numerous architectural enhancements have been investigated to enhance performance and increase predictability. In this paper, dedicated hardware based enhancements that can complement existing design solutions are presented. To achieve high-performance while maintaining simplicity of design, a nested state controller is used for modelling java instructions. This approach enables ahead of synthesis resource sharing and simplified reuse of functional elements. A hardware based automatic memory management sub-system is also presented that provides virtual pointer based memory access for memory allocations. Along with fixed cycle allocation and fast automatic resizing of memory, the memory controller provides predictable management functions. The paper describes a simple system targeted to the Virtex II Pro FPGA.

关键词： java Virtual Machine real-time java memory management nested state machines

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Safety-Critical java for Low-End Embedded Platforms 12

Safety-Critical Java for Low-End Embedded Platforms

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10th International Workshop on java Technologies for real-time and Embedded Systems (JTRES)

作者： Sondergaard, Hans Korsholm, Stephan E. Ravn, Anders P. VIA Univ Coll Horsens Denmark Aalborg Univ Dept Comp Sci Aalborg Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781450316880

We present an implementation of the Safety-Critical java profile (SCJ), targeted for low-end embedded platforms with as little as 16 kB RAM and 256 kB flash. The distinctive features of the implementation are a combination of a lean java virtual machine (HVM), with a bare metal kernel implementing hardware objects, first level interrupt handlers, and native variables, and an infrastructure written in java which is minimized through program specialization. The HVM allows the implementation to be easily ported to embedded platforms which have a C compiler as part of the development environment;the bare metal approach eliminates the need for a resource consuming operating system or C-library;the program specialization means that the infrastructure for the SCJ profile is optimized for a particular application keeping only the code and data the application needs. The SCJ implementation is evaluated with a known benchmark and shown to reduce this to a size where it can execute on a minimal configuration.

关键词： Embedded Systems real-time java Virtual Machine Safety-Critical java

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Patterns for Safety-Critical java Memory Usage 12

Patterns for Safety-Critical Java Memory Usage

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10th International Workshop on java Technologies for real-time and Embedded Systems (JTRES)

作者： Rios, Juan Ricardo Nilsen, Kelvin Schoeberl, Martin Tech Univ Denmark Dept Informat & Math Modeling Lyngby Denmark San Diego Inc San Diego CA USA Tech Univ Denmark Dept Informat & Math Modeling Lyngby Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781450316880

Scoped memories are introduced in real-time java profiles in order to make object allocation and deallocation time and space predictable. However, explicit scoping requires care from programmers when dealing with temporary objects, passing scope-allocated objects as arguments to methods, and returning scope-allocated objects from methods. To simplify the correct usage of scopes, programming patterns may be helpful. We present patterns for simple subroutines, sequences of subroutine calls, and nested calls, where the patterns avoid memory leaks and unnecessary copying of values. The patterns are illustrated by implementations in the safety-critical java profile.

关键词： real-time systems real-time java safety-critical systems

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Conformance test development with the java modeling language

Conformance test development with the Java modeling language

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12th International Workshop on java Technologies for real-time and Embedded Systems (JTRES)

作者： Sondergaard, Hans Korsholm, Stephan E. Ravn, Anders P. VIA Univ Coll Horsens Denmark Aalborg Univ Dept Comp Sci Aalborg Denmark

In order to claim conformance with a java Specification Request, a java implementation has to pass all tests in an associated Technology Compatibility Kit. This paper presents a model-based development of a Technology Compatibility Kit test suite and a test execution tool for the draft safety-critical java profile specification. The java Modeling Language is used to model conformance constraints for the profile. java Modeling Language annotations define contracts for classes and interfaces. The annotations are translated by a tool into runtime assertion checks. Hereby, the design and elaboration of the concrete test cases are simplified, because the expected results are derived from contracts and thus do not need to be provided explicitly. Bottom-up testing is applied for testing methods of the safety-critical java classes, whereas top-down testing is applied for testing global properties, such as protocols, memory management, and real-time properties, including scheduling. The tests are executed using a simplified version of JUnit, which makes the test suite executable on resource-constrained platforms. Copyright (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： test conformance test model-based testing Technology Compatibility Kit formal specification java Modeling Language safety-critical java real-time java

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Using CHARTER tools to develop a Safety-Critical Avionics Application in java 12

Using CHARTER tools to develop a Safety-Critical Avionics Ap...

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10th International Workshop on java Technologies for real-time and Embedded Systems (JTRES)

作者： Wedzinga, G. Wiegmink, K. Natl Aerosp Lab NLR Anthony Fokkerweg 2 NL-1059 CM Amsterdam Netherlands Natl Aerosp Lab NLR NL-8316 PR Marknesse Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781450316880

Safety-critical digital avionics systems are becoming increasingly complex. Consequently, exhaustive testing may be impossible or impractical to demonstrate that the software of these systems complies with airworthiness requirements. Software development assurance in accordance with prescribed development standards is an accepted approach, but increases cost. These issues are addressed by the EU ARTEMIS CHARTER project. Its goals include managing system complexity, improving software quality, and reducing the total development effort. These goals have been achieved by a Quality Embedded Development (QED) approach, in which model-based development and real-time java are the key technologies. Tools have been developed to support development and verification activities. This paper presents CHARTER'S QED approach by taking examples from the development of a demonstrator for a safety-critical avionics system based on an aircraft Environmental Control System. The QED approach is assessed by comparing metrics that have been collected during the demonstrator development with metrics for conventional development. An important metric is the total development effort. The results indicate that a productivity improvement is achievable.

关键词： Safety Critical Avionics Systems Software Life-Cycle real-time java java Modeling Language Code Generation Formal Verification Resource Analysis Test Case Generation

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即時java系統之設計與實作

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电脑与通讯 2003年第103期 68-78页

作者：馮立琪吳國輝鄭憬聰黃麒豪劉遠平

java平台具有Write Once, Run Anywhere特性，在解决耗用记忆体空间及执行效率缓慢的问题後，目前已渐受嵌入式系统市场所接受。但有监於嵌入式系统与即时系统市场的极高交集，因此如何在java平台中加入real-time程式的支援，一直有许... 详细信息

java平台具有Write Once, Run Anywhere特性，在解决耗用记忆体空间及执行效率缓慢的问题後，目前已渐受嵌入式系统市场所接受。但有监於嵌入式系统与即时系统市场的极高交集，因此如何在java平台中加入real-time程式的支援，一直有许多学者与商业公司进行相关的研究。本文中将介绍我们对目前real-time java规范-RTSJ(real-time Specification for java)中各项新增机制的了解，并介绍我们如何遵照其要求，设计实作出与之相容的real-time java执行环境。

关键词： real-time java RTSJ 嵌入式系統即時系統

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