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19th IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering

作者： Ngolah, Cyprian F. Wang, Yingxu Tan, Xinming Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Comp Engn Theoret & Empirical Software Engn Res Ctr 2500 Univ Dr NW Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400379

This paper discusses the implementation of the real-time processes of real-time Process Algebra (RTPA) using real-time java. The difficulty in implementing real-time software from formal specifications comes from the fact that some real-time features expressed using a formal specification language cannot be easily transformed into a programming language. The paper shows how a combination of a real-time support library for RTPA (RTPASupportLib) and the recently developed extensions to real-time java can overcome some of these difficulties. The strategies and techniques employed in implementing RTPA real-time features such as concurrency, interleaving, and interrupt/event/time-driven dispatching of real-time processes are presented. A number of case studies on the implementation of RTPA real-time features show that the approach is a feasible one.

关键词： software engineering real-time process algebra real-time system formal specification real-time java

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A Component Framework for java-Based real-time Embedded Systems

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9th International Middleware Conference

作者： Plsek, Ales Loiret, Frederic Merle, Philippe Seinturier, Lionel INRIA Lille Nord Europe CNRS USTL LIFL ADAM Project TeamUMR 8022 F-59650 Villeneuve Dascq France

ISBN: (纸本)9783540898559

The real-time Specification for java (RTS-J) [13] is becoming a popular choice in the world of real-time and embedded programming. However, RTSJ introduces many non-intuitive rules and restrictions which prevent its wide adoption. Moreover, current state-of-the-art frameworks usually fail to alleviate the development process into higher layers of the software development life-cycle. In this paper we extend our philosophy that RTSJ concepts need to be considered at early stages of software development, postulated in our prior work [2], in a framework that provides continuum between the design and implementation process. A component model designed specially for RTSJ serves here as a cornerstone. As the first contribution of this work, we propose a development process where RTSJ concepts are manipulated independently of functional aspects. Second, we mitigate complexities of RTSJ-development by automatically generating execution infrastructure where real-time concerns are transparently managed. We thus allow developers to create systems for variously constrained real-time and embedded environments. Performed benchmarks show that the overhead of the framework is minimal in comparison to manually written object-oriented applications, while providing more extensive functionality. Finally, the framework is designed with the stress on dynamic adaptability of target systems, a property we envisage as a fundamental in an upcoming era of massively developed real-time systems.

关键词： real-time java RTSJ component framework middleware

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java For Embedded real-time Systems

Java For Embedded Real-time Systems

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2008年国际电子商务、工程及科学领域的分布式计算和应用学术研讨会

作者： Yuan Shen Wenbo Xu Dept of Computer,School of Information Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China

Though java was first used in an embedded system,due to some technical reasons java language is not widely applied to embedded *** change the situation, Sun defines some new java specifications for embedded application *** the real-time Specification for java(RTSJ)proposed,more and more programmers begin to devote to real-time java *** paper gives an overview of java-based embedded real-time systems and analyzes future work about java-based embedded real-time technology.

关键词： real-time java Embedded java Embedded real-time systems real-time Specification for java(RTSJ)

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A component framework for java-based real-time embedded systems 08

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Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IFIP/USENIX International Conference on Middleware

作者： Aleš Plšek Frédéric Loiret Philippe Merle Lionel Seinturier USTL-LIFL CNRS UMR Villeneuve d'Ascq France

ISBN: (纸本)9783540898559

The real-time Specification for java (RTSJ) [13] is becoming a popular choice in the world of real-time and embedded programming. However, RTSJ introduces many non-intuitive rules and restrictions which prevent its wide adoption. Moreover, current state-of-the-art frameworks usually fail to alleviate the development process into higher layers of the software development life-cycle. In this paper we extend our philosophy that RTSJ concepts need to be considered at early stages of software development, postulated in our prior work [2], in a framework that provides continuum between the design and implementation process. A component model designed specially for RTSJ serves here as a cornerstone. As the first contribution of this work, we propose a development process where RTSJ concepts are manipulated independently of functional aspects. Second, we mitigate complexities of RTSJ-development by automatically generating execution infrastructure where real-time concerns are transparently managed. We thus allow developers to create systems for variously constrained real-time and embedded environments. Performed benchmarks show that the overhead of the framework is minimal in comparison to manually written object-oriented applications, while providing more extensive functionality. Finally, the framework is designed with the stress on dynamic adaptability of target systems, a property we envisage as a fundamental in an upcoming era of massively developed real-time systems.

关键词： RTSJ component framework real-time java middleware

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Ravenscar-java: a high-integrity profile for real-time java

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CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2005年第5-6期17卷 681-713页

作者： Kwon, J Wellings, A King, S Univ York Dept Comp Sci Real Time Syst Res Grp York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England

For many, java is the antithesis of a high-integrity programming language. Its combination of object-oriented programming features, its automatic garbage collection, and its poor support for real-time multi-threading are all seen as particular impediments. The real-time Specification for java has introduced many new features that help in, the real-time. domain. However, the expressive power of these features means that very complex programming models can be created, necessitating complexity in the supporting real-time virtual machine. Consequently, java, with the real-time extensions as they stand, seems too complex for confident use in high-integrity systems. This paper presents a java profile for-the development of software-intensive high-integrity real-time systems. This restricted programming model removes language features with high overheads and complex semantics, on which it is hard to perform timing and functional analyses. The profile fits within the J2ME framework and is consistent with well-known guidelines for high-integrity software development, such as those defined by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： high-integrity systems real-time java profile

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Ravenscar-java: a high-integrity profile for real-time java 02

Ravenscar-Java: a high-integrity profile for real-time Java

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International Symposium on Computing in Object Oriented Parallel Environments

作者： Kwon, J Wellings, A King, S Univ York Dept Comp Sci Real Time Syst Res Grp York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England

ISBN: (纸本)9781581135992

关键词： high-integrity systems real-time java profile

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Implicit ownership types for memory management

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING 2008年第3期71卷 213-241页

作者： Zhao, Tian Baker, Jason Hunt, James Noble, James Vitek, Jan Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee WI 53201 USA Alcas GmbH Karlsruhe Germany Victoria Univ Wellington New Zealand Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

The real-time Specification for java (RTSJ) introduced a range of language features for explicit memory management. While the RTSJ gives programmers fine control over memory use and allows linear allocation and constant-time deallocation, the RTSJ relies upon dynamic runtime checks for safety, making it unsuitable for safety critical applications. We introduce ScopeJ, a statically-typed, multi-threaded, object calculus in which scopes are first class constructs. Scopes reify allocation contexts and provide a safe alternative to automatic memory management. Safety follows from the use of an ownership type system that enforces a topology on run-time patterns of references. ScopeJ's type system is novel in that ownership annotations are implicit. This substantially reduces the burden for developers and increases the likelihood of adoption. The notion of implicit ownership is particularly appealing when combined with pluggable type systems, as one can apply different type constraints to different components of an application depending on the requirements without changing the source language. In related work we have demonstrated the usefulness of our approach in the context of highly-responsive systems and stream processing. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： real-time java RTSJ type systems memory management ownership types

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Enhancing real-time CORBA via real-time java features

Enhancing real-time CORBA via real-time Java features

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24th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems

作者： Krishna, AS Schmidt, DC Klefstad, R Vanderbilt Univ Nashville TN 37203 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769520863

End-to-end middleware predictability is essential to support quality of service (QoS) capabilities needed by distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) applications. real-time CORBA is a middleware standard that allows DRE applications to allocate, schedule, and control the QoS of CPU, memory, and networking resources. Existing real-time CORBA solutions are implemented in C++, which is generally more complicated and error-prone to program than java. The real-time Specification for java (RTSJ) provides extensions that enable java to be used for developing DRE systems. real-time CORBA does not currently leverage key RTSJ features, such as scoped memory and real-time threads. Thus, integration of real-time CORBA and RTSJ is essential to ensure the predictability required for java-based DRE applications. This paper provides the following contributions to the study of middleware for DRE applications. First we analyze the architecture of ZEN, our implementation of real-time CORBA, identifying sources for the application of RTSJ features. Second, we describe how RTSJ features, such as scoped memory and real-time threads, can be associated with key ORB components to enhance the predictability of DRE applications using real-time CORBA and the RTSJ. Third, we perform preliminary qualitative and quantitative analysis of predictability enhancements arising from our application of RTSJ features. Our results show that use of RTSJ features can considerably improve the predictability of DRE applications written using real-time CORBA and real-time java.

关键词： distributed real-time and embedded systems real-time CORBA real-time java

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The design and performance of real-time java middleware

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS 2003年第11期14卷 1155-1167页

作者： Corsaro, A Schmidt, DC Washington Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn St Louis MO 63130 USA Vanderbilt Univ Inst Software Integrated Syst Nashville TN 37235 USA

More than 90 percent of all microprocessors are now used for real-time and embedded applications. The behavior of these applications is often constrained by the physical world. It is therefore important to devise higher-level languages and middleware that meet conventional functional requirements, as well as dependably and productively enforce real-time constraints. This paper provides two contributions to the study of languages and middleware for real-time and embedded applications. We first describe the architecture of jRate, which is an open-source ahead-of-time-compiled implementation of the RTSJ middleware. We then show performance results obtained using RTJPerf, which is an open-source benchmarking suite that systematically. compares the performance of RTSJ middleware implementations. This paper shows that, while research remains to be done to make RTSJ a bullet-proof technology, the initial results are promising. The performance and predictability of jRate provides a baseline for what can be achieved by using ahead-of-time compilation, Likewise, RTJPerf enables researchers and practitioners to evaluate the pros and cons of RTSJ middleware systematically as implementations mature.

关键词： real-time middleware real-time java QoS-enabled middleware platforms object-oriented languages real-time resource management performance evaluation

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Gain time reclaiming in high performance real-time java systems 6

Gain time reclaiming in high performance real-time Java syst...

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6th IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented real-time Distributed Computing

作者： Hu, EYS Wellings, A Bernat, G Univ York Dept Comp Sci Real Time Syst Res Grp York YO10 5DD N Yorkshire England

ISBN: (纸本)0769519288

The run-time characteristics of java, such as high frequency of method invocation, dynamic dispatching and dynamic loading, make java more difficult than other object-oriented programming languages, such as C++ ,for conducting Worst-Case Execution time (WCET) analysis. To offer a more flexible way to develop object-oriented real-time applications in the realtime java environment without loss of predicability and performance, we propose a novel gain time reclaiming framework integrated with WCET analysis. This paper demonstrates how to improve the utilisation and performance of the whole system by reclaiming gain time at run-time. Our approach shows that integrating WCET with gain time reclaiming can not only provide a more flexible environment, but it also does not necessarily result in unsafe or unpredictable timing behaviour.

关键词： gain time reclaiming worst-case execution time (WCET) analysis real-time java

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