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检索条件"主题词=Reconstruction Algorithms"

共 6408 条记录，以下是61-70 订阅

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Power Budget and reconstruction algorithms for Through the Wall Radar Imaging Systems

Power Budget and Reconstruction Algorithms for Through the W...

引用

IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Biomedical Conference (IEEE-IMBioC)

作者： Pisa, S. Piuzzi, E. Pittella, E. D'Atanasio, P. Zambotti, A. Sacco, G. Sapienza Univ Rome Dept Informat Engn Elect & Telecommun Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781538659182

In this paper a through the wall radar imaging (TWRI) system based on a step frequency radar is presented. The radar equation is used for assessing the system power budget and two algorithms, namely the delay and sum (DAS) and the range migration (RM) are used for the scenario reconstruction. The achieved results evidence the strong dependence of the radar-received power on the wall losses. A frequency of 4 GHz seems to be the maximum allowable for practical TWRI systems. A scenario with obstacles placed in visibility of the radar and another with a wall between the radar and the obstacles have been realized. For the first scenario, the DAS algorithm provided better results with respect to RM but with longer processing times. In the second case, only the DAS algorithm was implemented that was able to correctly locate the obstacles.

关键词： Through the wall radar imaging system wall permittivity reconstruction algorithms

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Ranking Inconsistencies in the Assessment of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) reconstruction algorithms using a Location-Known Task and a Search Task A Falsifiable Image Quality Assessment Method

Ranking Inconsistencies in the Assessment of Digital Breast ...

引用

Conference on Medical Imaging - Image Perception, Observer Performance, and Technology Assessment

作者： He, Xin Zeng, Rongping Samuelson, Frank Sahiner, Berkman Consultant (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)9781510600225

In this work, we validated a task-based performance figure-of-merit (FOM) by investigating ranking inconsistencies due to lurking variable/factors. We applied a falsifiable search assessment theory to assessing digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) image quality using a scanning channelized Hotelling observer (CHO) on a simulated DBT dataset. We compared the performance of five reconstruction algorithms: filter back projection (FBP), maximum likelihood (ML), simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART), total-variation regularized least square estimator (TVLS) with strong and mild regularization settings. The results showed that the location-known-exactly (LKE) detection performance was almost identical for the five reconstruction algorithms. However the search characteristic as described by effective set size (M*) and search AUC value, ranked them differently. To falsify/corroborate our evaluations on search characteristic and performance, we conducted an image-size test. This test demonstrated an agreement between theoretical predictions and empirically measured observer performance in absolute performance levels, except for the ML algorithm. We concluded that evidence corroborated our evaluations, except that for the ML algorithm where our evaluation was wrong. Further investigation of the wrong evaluation in the ML case revealed a lurking variable that affected system performance ranking in search when AUC value was used as the FOM. This further confirmed that our evaluation in its current form for the ML algorithm was indeed wrong. We also noted that the ranking inconsistencies exist even when the AUC value was used as the FOM, and the falsifiable nature of M* allowed such inconsistencies to be identified.

关键词： Digital breast tomosynthesis reconstruction algorithms Image quality algorithms Breast Computer simulations Medical imaging Computer aided diagnosis and therapy Detection theory Statistical analysis Image analysis

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SCANNING CONE-BEAM reconstruction algorithms FOR X-RAY MICROTOMOGRAPHY

SCANNING CONE-BEAM RECONSTRUCTION ALGORITHMS FOR X-RAY MICRO...

引用

CONF ON SCANNING MICROSCOPY INSTRUMENTATION

作者： WANG, G LIN, TH CHENG, PC SHINOZAKI, DM KIM, H SUNY/Buffalo (United States) Univ. of Western Ontario (Canada) Univ. of Rochester (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819406848

An x-ray shadow projection microscope using a scannable point source of x-rays is under development at SUNY. The point source is generated by a focused electron beam that can be steered electromagnetically in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the microscope. The specimen is mounted on a rotatable mechanical stage for microtomography. An elaborate feedback system is being implemented to measure and correct the motion error of the mechanical stage. The conventional cone-beam image reconstruction algorithm suffers from two constraints. Firstly, the specimen must be contained in a sphere-like reconstruction region. Secondly, the x-ray source must be moved along a circle in the specimen coordinate system. Considering the characteristics of the x-ray microscope system of ARTS-AMIL and the limitations of the conventional cone-beam reconstruction algorithm, a general cone-beam image reconstruction algorithm is presented. The general algorithm can be applied to various scanning geometries, such as polygonal, helical, or random scanning patterns, for different reasons. In order to study the general cone-beam reconstruction algorithm, a computer simulation has been performed. With various scanning parameters, projection data were generated mathematically and then the general cone-beam reconstruction algorithm tested with the simulated data. The experimental results shows that the different kinds of scanning loci of the x-ray source consistently resulted in satisfactory 3-D reconstructed images.

关键词： reconstruction algorithms X-ray sources X-rays 3D image reconstruction Microscopy 3D image processing Microscopes 3D scanning Electron beams X-ray imaging

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The Impact of reconstruction algorithms on Semi-automatic Small Lesion Segmentation for PET: A Phantom Study

The Impact of Reconstruction Algorithms on Semi-automatic Sm...

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33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBS)

作者： Ballangan, Cherry Chan, Chung Wang, Xiuying Feng, David Dagan Univ Sydney Biomed & Multimedia Informat Technol BMIT Res Grp Sch Informat Technol Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Univ Sydney Biomed & Multimedia Informat Technol BMIT Res Grp Brain & Mind Res Inst Fac Hlth Sci Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Yale Univ Dept Diagnost Radiol New Haven CT 06520 USA Univ Sydney BMIT Res Grp Sch IT Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Hong Kong Polytech Univ Ctr Multimedia Signal Proc Dept Elect & Informat Engn Hong Kong Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Med X Res Inst Shanghai 200030 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441228

A robust lesion segmentation method is critical for quantification of lesion activity in positron emission tomography (PET), especially for the cases where lesion boundary is not discernible in the corresponding computed tomography (CT). However, lesion delineation in PET is a challenging task, especially for small lesions, due to the low intrinsic resolution, image noise and partial volume effect. The combinations of different reconstruction methods and post-reconstruction smoothing on PET images also affect the segmentation result significantly which has always been overlooked. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of different reconstruction methods on semiautomated small lesion segmentation for PET images. Four conventional segmentation methods were evaluated including region growing technique based on maximum intensity (RGmax) and mean intensity (RGmean) thresholds, Fuzzy c-mean (FCM) and watershed (WS) technique. All these methods were evaluated on a physical phantom scan which was reconstructed with Ordered Subset Expectation Maximization (OSEM) with Gaussian post-smoothing and Maximum a Posteriori (MAP) with quadratic prior respectively. The results demonstrate that: 1) the performance of all the segmentation methods subject to the smoothness constraint applied on the reconstructed images;2) FCM method applied on MAP reconstructed images yielded overall superior performance than other evaluated combinations.

关键词： Gaussian post-smoothing Image reconstruction Image segmentation Lesions OSEM PET Phantoms Positron emission tomography reconstruction algorithms Smoothing methods diseases expectation-maximisation algorithm fuzzy c-mean technique fuzzy reasoning image noi

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Virtual clinical trial in action: Textured XCAT phantoms and scanner-specific CT simulator to characterize noise across CT reconstruction algorithms

Virtual clinical trial in action: Textured XCAT phantoms and...

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Conference on Medical Imaging - Physics of Medical Imaging

作者： Abadi, Ehsan Segars, W. Paul Harrawood, Brian Kapadia, Anuj Samei, Ehsan Duke Univ Carl E Ravin Adv Imaging Labs Durham NC 27706 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510616363

ISBN: (纸本)9781510616363

Although non-linear CT systems offer improved image quality over conventional linear systems, they disrupt certain assumptions of the dependency of noise and resolution on radiation dose that are true of linear systems. As such, simplistic phantoms do not fully represent the actual performance of current systems in the clinic. Assessing image quality from clinical images address this limitation, but full realization of image quality attributes, particularly noise, requires the knowledge of the exact heterogeneous anatomy of the patient (not knowable) and/ or repeated imaging (ethically unattainable). This limitation can be overcome through realistic simulations enabled by virtual clinical trials (VCTs). This study aimed to characterize the noise properties of CT images reconstructed with filtered back-projection (FBP) and non-linear iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms through a VCT. The study deployed a new generation version of the Extended Cardio-Torso (XCAT) phantom enhanced with anatomically-based intra-organ heterogeneities. The phantom was virtually "imaged" using a scanner-specific simulator, with fifty repeats, and reconstructed using clinical FBP and IR algorithms. The FBP and IR noise magnitude maps and the relative noise reduction maps were calculated to quantify the amount of noise reduction achieved by IR. Moreover, the 2D noise power spectra were measured for both FBP and IR images. The noise reduction maps showed that IR images have lower noise magnitude in uniform regions but higher noise magnitude at edge voxels, thus the noise reduction attributed to IR is less than what could be expected from uniform phantoms (29% versus 60%). This work demonstrates the utility of our CT simulator and "textured" XCAT phantoms in performing VCT that would be otherwise infeasible.

关键词： Computational phantom Computed Tomography CT simulator Iterative reconstructions reconstruction algorithms Virtual clinical trial XCAT phantoms

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Accounting for hardware imperfections in EIT image reconstruction algorithms

Accounting for hardware imperfections in EIT image reconstru...

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7th Conference on Biomedical Applications of Electrical Impedance Tomography

作者： Hartinger, Alzbeta E. Gagnon, Herve Guardo, Robert Ecole Polytech Inst Genie Biomed Montreal PQ H3T 1J4 Canada

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive technique for imaging the conductivity distribution of a body section. Different types of EIT images can be reconstructed: absolute, time difference and frequency difference. reconstruction algorithms are sensitive to many errors which translate into image artefacts. These errors generally result from incorrect modelling or inaccurate measurements. Every reconstruction algorithm incorporates a model of the physical set-up which must be as accurate as possible since any discrepancy with the actual set-up will cause image artefacts. Several methods have been proposed in the literature to improve the model realism, such as creating anatomical-shaped meshes, adding a complete electrode model and tracking changes in electrode contact impedances and positions. Absolute and frequency difference reconstruction algorithms are particularly sensitive to measurement errors and generally assume that measurements are made with an ideal EIT system. Real EIT systems have hardware imperfections that cause measurement errors. These errors translate into image artefacts since the reconstruction algorithm cannot properly discriminate genuine measurement variations produced by the medium under study from those caused by hardware imperfections. We therefore propose a method for eliminating these artefacts by integrating a model of the system hardware imperfections into the reconstruction algorithms. The effectiveness of the method has been evaluated by reconstructing absolute, time difference and frequency difference images with and without the hardware model from data acquired on a resistor mesh phantom. Results have shown that artefacts are smaller for images reconstructed with the model, especially for frequency difference imaging.

关键词： electrical impedance tomography biomedical instrumentation electronic circuit modelling reconstruction algorithms

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On Signal reconstruction algorithms and Speedup Opportunities 34

On Signal Reconstruction Algorithms and Speedup Opportunitie...

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34th National Radio Science Conference (NRSC)

作者： Helal, Manal E. Ghouz, Hussein Hamed Arab Acad Sci Technol & Maritime Transport Engn & Technol Coll Cairo Egypt Brunel Univ London Inst Mat & Mfg London England Qassim Univ Coll Engn Al Malida Buraydah Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9781509046096

Compressive Sensing (CS) reduces sampling data at the cost of increased signal reconstruction time. This problem has been addressed by a different set of algorithmic approaches under various realistic assumptions. Graphical Processing Units (GPU), Multicore architectures, distributed cloud computing are among technologies used to speed up data intensive and compute intensive algorithms. In this study, state of the art sample reconstruction algorithms (SRA) have been presented and surveyed. Opportunities to speed up their performances using parallel & distributed computing platforms have been also investigated and summarized. Finally, the study concludes with a detailed list of project ideas for further developments of these algorithms.

关键词： compressive sensing reconstruction algorithms parallel and distributed systems

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Impact of reconstruction algorithms on dynamic ECG compressed sensing

Impact of reconstruction algorithms on dynamic ECG compresse...

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16th IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (IEEE MeMeA)

作者： Daponte, Pasquale De Vito, Luca Picariello, Enrico Rapuano, Sergio Univ Sannio Dept Engn Benevento Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781665419147

This paper presents an experimental analysis aimed at analyzing the performance of several reconstruction algorithms applied to the recovery of ECG signals from compressed sensing, when a dynamic sensing matrix is used. The manuscript briefly recalls the method used to build the sensing matrix and the adopted reconstruction algorithms. The results obtained from the compression and recovery of signals taken from the MIT Physionet database are shown and discussed and they are compared with those obtained with another combination of sensing and dictionary matrices.

关键词： Power demand Dictionaries Databases Heuristic algorithms Electrocardiography reconstruction algorithms Time measurement

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reconstruction algorithms for limited view projection data

Reconstruction algorithms for limited view projection data

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： C. Goutis R. Leahy S. Drossos Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Newcastle UK

Polar periodicities associated with the Radon transform and Lagrange multipliers are studies to obtain the sample/ recovery relationships. By considering a window function, which is zero outside the object boundaries and inside its transparent areas, a Fourier domain algorithm is introduced in which the Lagrange multipliers are determined using the window as a constraint. By expressing the backprojection image using the basis function of the projection transform a reconstruction model for fan beam projections is given. A very fast, iterative, space domain algorithm for divergent ray projections is introduced which gives the minimum energy reconstruction by exploiting a special matrix structure; this method matches the noise statistics and can utilise 'a priori' knowledge.

关键词： reconstruction algorithms Lagrangian functions Iterative algorithms Image reconstruction Convolution Iterative methods Shape Geometry Statistics Discrete transforms

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reconstruction algorithms and experiments with a prototype of holographic subsurface radar

Reconstruction algorithms and experiments with a prototype o...

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International Conference on Antenna Theory and Techniques

作者： A.V. Popov V.V. Kopeikyn V.A. Vinogradov S.A. Zapunidi Russian Academy of Science Troitsk Russia

The paper presents the mathematical basis and numerical implementation of the wave front conversion method for the reconstruction of a scattering object. We also describe a prototype holographic microwave radar and fi... 详细信息

关键词： reconstruction algorithms Prototypes Holography Ground penetrating radar Radar scattering Acoustic scattering Image reconstruction Diffraction Inverse problems Optical scattering

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