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检索条件"主题词=Reconstruction algorithm"

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Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear Unidirectional Imaging Approaches in Ultrasound Breast Imaging

Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear Unidirectional Imaging Ap...

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IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Markus C. Hesse Georg Schmitz Chair of Medical Engineering Ruhr-Universitat Bochum D-44801 Bochum Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467345613

In ultrasound imaging, strong variations in the tissue's acoustic impedance give rise to multiple scattering. While these are not accounted for in established reconstruction concepts like linear synthetic aperture (SA) focusing and delay-and-sum (DAS) beamforming, nonlinear diffraction tomographic reconstruction algorithms have been developed to reconstruct an object's inner structure under multiple scattering. In this contribution, we employ a proposed iterative nonlinear compressibility reconstruction algorithm to evaluate the potential image reconstruction quality numerically in contrast to SA- and DAS reconstructions. Using the same simulated unidirectional pulse-echo measurements acquired from a numercial breast phantom with realistic compressibility values, the nonlinear approach provides reconstructions with relative errors of about 1.54 % within the diagnostically significant region, whereas SA and DAS yield artifact-affected reconstructions mainly showing tissue boundaries with less detail. Moreover, applying simulated measurements acquired from a numerical wire phantom, we validate the potential axial and lateral resolutions of all three methods. The -6 dB axial resolution of the nonlinear approach outperforms those obtained by SA and DAS;the nonlinear approach and SA provide similar -6 dB lateral resolutions outperforming DAS.

关键词： Mammary Ultrasonography amsonic acid defensive aids suite Reconstructive Surgical Procedures reconstruction algorithm nonlinearity Linear MULTIPLE SCATTERING relative errors image reconstruction Imaging

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Towards system matrix incorporating efficient detector modeling: A small animal SPECT study on several strategies

Towards system matrix incorporating efficient detector model...

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IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium

作者： Benjamin Auer Frederic Boisson Virgile Bekaert David Brasse Department of Radiology University of Massachusetts Medical School Universite de Strasbourg Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC)

ISBN: (纸本)9781538622834

Nowadays, the use of gold standard Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) based modeling of the acquisition process in a way to compute the System Matrix (SM) is one of the well-established methods that has been used in small animal SPECT image reconstruction. However, MCS requires extensive computation time to obtain a low noise SM. Such reconstruction methods are therefore largely penalized by the huge time consumption required for the SM generation since a large number of photons has to be generated: an improvement in simulation speed is thus mandatory. Simplified analytical approach has the potential to lead to efficient SM computation, in a reduced time while requiring neither particular computing skills nor heavy informatics resources (cluster). In this work, we proposed to evaluate several modeling types (analytical and MCS) of the acquisition process of a pinhole SPECT system available at our institute. Secondly, various complexity degrees of an efficient and simplified analytical modeling of the physical effects occurring into the detector during SPECT examinations will be investigated. The two-developed analytical modeling of detector response represent some fast and efficient alternatives strategies to the implemented MCS based one. Although, even if they are less accurate, they allow coherent estimation while overcoming the disadvantages of the MCS like excessive computation time, high technical complexity and heavy computation infrastructures. However, the performance obtained, both qualitatively and quantitatively, do not allow their use in a quantitative reconstruction process. Nevertheless, recovery coefficient divergences with respect to the MCS reference modeling are on average of the order of ～6%.

关键词： MCS gene computational time Modeling single photon emission computed tomography detector Samarium reconstruction algorithm

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Dual mode photoacoustic/acoustic microscopy with optical generation and detection

Dual mode photoacoustic/acoustic microscopy with optical gen...

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IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Thomas Berer Hubert Grun Johannes Bauer-Marschallinger Peter Burgholzer Klaus Passler Robert Nuster Gunther Paltauf Research Center for Non-Destructive Testing GmbH Department of Physics Karl-Franzens-Universitaet Graz

ISBN: (纸本)9781467345613

We present a dual mode scanning microscope which provides simultaneously ultrasonic and photoacoustic images. Short laser pulses are used to excite photoacoustic waves in a sample and to generate focused acoustic waves on a conical target. Ultrasound generation for pulse-echo mode is done by illuminating an acoustic axicon, resulting in quasi diffraction free acoustic pulses. An optical ring-shaped detector measures photoacoustic signals and backscattered acoustic waves. Due to the annular shape of the detector mainly acoustic waves coming from the symmetry axis, i.e. A-scans, are acquired;thus no reconstruction algorithm is needed. By reason of the transducers geometry, the setup is operated in backward mode. The annular detector is realized by a polymer optical fiber bent into a ring shape, being part of a fiber optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The annular detector mainly detects signals on the symmetry axis;however, also off-axis signals are detected. Reduction of the imaging artifacts is demonstrated on simulated data with a k-space algorithm taking the geometry of the problem into account. Furthermore, we present measurements on phantom samples.

关键词： Photoacoustic imaging Ultrasonic imaging X-waves Polymer optical fiber Annular detector Axis of Symmetry annular shape Dual mode A Fibers Acoustic Wave reconstruction algorithm detector ANNULAR signals PULSE ECHO simulated data geometry

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2D and 3D millimeter-wave synthetic aperture radar imaging on a PR2 platform

2D and 3D millimeter-wave synthetic aperture radar imaging o...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems

作者： Claire M. Watts Patrick Lancaster Andreas Pedross-Engel Joshua R. Smith Matthew S. Reynolds Department of Electrical Engineering University of Washington Seattle 98105 USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle 98105 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509037636

Optical depth cameras, including both time-of-flight and structured-light sensors, have led to dramatic improvements in robot sensing and perception. We propose the use of millimeter-wave (mmW) radar as an important complement to optical sensors. While the millimeter wavelengths of radar sensors do not support as high resolution as the nanometer wavelength of optical sensors, the ability of mmW signals to penetrate smoky and foggy environments as well as see through many opaque objects makes them a compelling sensor for navigation as well as manipulation in challenging environments. We present a series of 2D and 3D mmW images made with a hand-held antenna grasped by a PR2 robot. The radar image sensor uses a mechanical "painting" motion to acquire multiple views of the target object over the 15 - 26.5 GHz K-band. A GPU-based reconstruction algorithm synthesizes 2D and 3D images of the target object. We demonstrate a ground range resolution of 13.6 mm and a cross-range resolution of 7.1 mm for objects up to 0.5 m away from the robot. We further demonstrate imaging objects through fog, as well as through opaque paper.

关键词： Radar polarimetry Distance resolution optical sensors Robot millimeter wave Sensors reconstruction algorithm Three-Dimensional Images NEBULISED fog fogs increased density

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PULSE-STREAM MODELS IN TIME-OF-FLIGHT IMAGING

PULSE-STREAM MODELS IN TIME-OF-FLIGHT IMAGING

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing

作者： Adrien Besson Dimitris Perdios Yves Wiaux Jean-Philippe Thiran Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland Institute of Sensors Signals and Systems Heriot-Watt University UK

ISBN: (纸本)9781538646595

This paper considers the problem of reconstructing raw signals from random projections in the context of time-of-flight imaging with an array of sensors. It presents a new signal model, coined as multi-channel pulse-stream model, which exploits pulse-stream models and accounts for additional structure induced by inter-sensor dependencies. We propose a sampling theorem and a reconstruction algorithm, based on ?_1 -minimization, for signals belonging to such a model. We demonstrate the benefits of the proposed approach by means of numerical simulations and on a real non-destructive-evaluation application where the peak-signal-to-noise-ratio is increased by 3 dB compared to standard compressed-sensing strategies.

关键词： Compressed sensing sparsity array imaging Compressed sensing Imaging reconstruction algorithm original signal signals

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Structured Indoor Modeling

Structured Indoor Modeling

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IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision

作者： Satoshi Ikehata Hang Yan Yasutaka Furukawa Washington University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467383929

This paper presents a novel 3D modeling framework that reconstructs an indoor scene as a structured model from panorama RGBD images. A scene geometry is represented as a graph, where nodes correspond to structural elements such as rooms, walls, and objects. The approach devises a structure grammar that defines how a scene graph can be manipulated. The grammar then drives a principled new reconstruction algorithm, where the grammar rules are sequentially applied to recover a structured model. The paper also proposes a new room segmentation algorithm and an offset-map reconstruction algorithm that are used in the framework and can enforce architectural shape priors far beyond existing state-of-the-art. The structured scene representation enables a variety of novel applications, ranging from indoor scene visualization, automated floorplan generation, Inverse-CAD, and more. We have tested our framework and algorithms on six synthetic and five real datasets with qualitative and quantitative evaluations. The source code and the data are available at the project website [15].

关键词： syntax Structural Models reconstruction algorithm Frameworks Source code Structural elements Qualitative Ganglia

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Verification-Based algorithm for Compressed Sensing using GLDPC Codes

Verification-Based Algorithm for Compressed Sensing using GL...

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International Conference on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing

作者： Weijun Zeng Huali Wang Institute of Communications Engineering PLA University of Science and Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781509028610

In this paper, we present a new family of sparse measurement matrices and low complexity reconstruction algorithm in compressed sensing (CS). Our CS system is designed from the generalized low-density parity check code (GLDPC), and to reconstruct the signal by using a simple verification-based (VB) algorithm. In particular, our scheme also can cope with the case of noisy measurements, comparing with most work about VB algorithm is designed in noiseless case. Furthermore, we present the density evolution techniques for the analysis of the VB algorithm in the asymptotic dimension. The analysis can predict the percentage of unrecovered signal coefficients over the ensembles of input signal and measurement matrix. Simulation results are also given, which reveal that the theoretical results match that of the reconstruction algorithm and it is superior to the existing algorithms.

关键词： Compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm measurement matrix low density parity check codes input signal New families Ensembles algorithms CONTAINMENT SPRAY carbon monosulfide Cesium Codes

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Neuronal Morphology in the

Neuronal Morphology in the

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作者： Matthias Landgraf Jan Felix Evers

Studying the formation of neural networks requires a thorough understanding of their constituent neurons, their development, connectivity and electrical properties. Neuronal morphology is a key element, encompassing parameters important for neuronal function: projection patterns and synaptic termination zones inform on connectivity, while ontogeny is reflected by cell body locations. Drosophila is one of the most successful genetic model organisms for studying nervous system development and function. It presents a unique combination of neural networks of intermediate complexity, which are composed of identified neurons that can be genetically manipulated and interrogated throughout their development by imaging and electrophysiology. Here, we present approaches for studying neuronal morphology in the Drosophila embryo. The methods are applicable to any cell, though by way of example we focus on motor neurons in the ventral nerve cord. Specifically, we outline and discuss genetic approaches for visualising individual neurons, their detailed neuritic arborisations and putative synaptic sites. We present a method for analysing quantitatively the topology of complex branched neuronal structures through digital reconstruction. This combination of genetic single-cell labelling methods and semi-automated, highly accurate digital 3D reconstructions of complex cell morphologies has already opened up to investigation new areas of nervous system development and it will be central to future progress in our understanding of neural network development. less

关键词： Electrophysiology Drosophila Amira Nervous system FLP recombinase Genetic model Neuronal cell morphology Digital reconstruction reconstruction algorithm

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Survey on suitable 3D features for sonar-based underwater navigation

Survey on suitable 3D features for sonar-based underwater na...

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OCEANS MTS/IEEE Yeosu

作者： Philipp Woock Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics System Technologies and Image Exploitation IOSB

ISBN: (纸本)9781457720895

Navigation of a deep-sea autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is a difficult task in cases where no absolute positioning information (e.g., by long baseline systems) is available. Using inertial measurement sensors alone leads to accumulation of sensor noise and with it to corruption of position and orientation estimates over time. Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques can aid to limit the navigation error. In this paper it is discussed what type of features is suitable for sonar-based underwater navigation. For evaluation, a simulation environment has been created which performs environment shape reconstruction based on side-scan sonar data while additionally utilizing vehicular inertial measurement data (ego-motion). A ray-tracing based forward model creates a synthetic sonar response for a given elevation map and vehicle pose. Then, a pose-aware inversion method estimates an elevation map of the surrounding environment. This map is the basis for navigation. Therefore, the characteristics of the reconstruction method need to be taken into account for the feature design as well as the fact that the surface will be sampled differently upon a re-visit.

关键词： Underwater navigation navigation error topographic maps design features navigation Autonomous underwater vehicles reconstruction algorithm Simulated Environment simultaneous localization and mapping MAPPING(MATHEMATICAL) maps Inertial

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A Brief Theory of Guided Signal reconstruction

A Brief Theory of Guided Signal Reconstruction

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International Conference on Sampling Theory and Applications

作者： Andrew Knyazev Hassan Mansour Dong Tian Akshay Gadde Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California

ISBN: (纸本)9781538615669

An axiomatic approach to signal reconstruction is formulated, involving a sample consistent set, defined as a set of signals sample-consistent with the original signal, and a given guiding set, describing desired reconstructions. New frame-less reconstruction methods are proposed, based on a reconstruction set, defined as a shortest pathway between the sample consistent set and the guiding set, where the guiding set is a closed subspace and the sample consistent set is a closed plane in a Hilbert space. Existence and uniqueness of the reconstruction set are investigated. Connections to earlier known consistent, generalized, and regularized reconstructions are clarified, and new and improved reconstruction error bounds are derived.

关键词： Signal reconstruction Set (Psychology) original signal Reconstructive Surgical Procedures reconstruction algorithm Consistent uniqueness given signal reconstructions signals

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