Water scarcity, energy scarcity, and demographic difficulties are all real concerns for many countries throughout the world. Due to the high solar intensities and long sunshine duration in Saudi Arabia, solar water de...
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Water scarcity, energy scarcity, and demographic difficulties are all real concerns for many countries throughout the world. Due to the high solar intensities and long sunshine duration in Saudi Arabia, solar water desalination can be effectively utilized for obtaining fresh water. The aim of this paper is explore the potential of simple-design and plentiful rectangular trough in desalination under vacuum condition. Numerical analysis of the heat and mass transfer of tubular solar still containing rectangular trough was performed. A 2-D code that solves the systems of equations for mass, momentum, concentration, and energy was developed and validated. The effect of the rib and the vertical elevation of the trough on heat and mass transfer were investigated. The numerical results showed that the distillation rate is significantly increased with the increase of the rib of the trough at a minimum of 19.78%. In addition, the distillation rate is increased at a minimum of 12.88% when the trough moves towards the upper side of the glass cover where the condensation takes place.
Solar distillers are characterized by simple, economical, and effective ways to produce freshwater in remote and isolated regions that suffer from freshwater poverty, but suffer from low freshwater yields. So, the pre...
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Solar distillers are characterized by simple, economical, and effective ways to produce freshwater in remote and isolated regions that suffer from freshwater poverty, but suffer from low freshwater yields. So, the present comprehensive experimental study aims to get the optimal trough design that achieves the highest freshwater yield of solar distillers. To achieve this idea, the troughs were designed in the shapes of trapezoidal and concave instead of rectangular troughs to achieve the highest performance of a double-slope solar distiller. To reach this goal experimentally, three double-slope solar distillers (DSSD) were designed, built, and tested;the first is DSSD with rectangular trough (DSSD-RT), the second is DSSD with trapezoidal trough (DSSD-TT), and third is DSSD with concave trough (DSSD-CT). Experimental results show that the proposed concave trough (DSSD-CT) represents a good design that raises the accumulative diurnal distillate output to 5.8 L/m2 day with an improvement of 64.8 % compared to DSSD-RT. Also, the improvement rates in thermal efficiency, exergy efficiency, and sustainability index for utilizing the proposed concave trough (DSSD-CT) reached 63.9 %, 92.7 %, and 2.7 %, respectively compared to DSSD-RT.
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