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A Variational Rayleigh-Ritz Method for Modeling H -Plane Bend rectangular waveguides

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES 2025年第1期73卷 482-493页

作者： Rosa, Guilherme S. Ribeiro, Raul O. Simionato, Eligia Penchel, Rafael A. Sao Paulo State Univ Unesp Sch Engn BR-01049010 Sao Joaoda Da Boa Vista SP Brazil Fed Ctr Technol Educ Celso Suckow da Fonseca CEFET Dept Elect Engn BR-20271110 Rio De Janeiro Brazil

This article introduces a novel variational formula for modeling waveguides with uniformly curved longitudinal axes. Using the Rayleigh-Ritz method, we analyze the electromagnetic fields in H -plane bend rectangular waveguides. In addition, we present a Galerkin method solution (GMS) for discretizing the associated vector Helmholtz equation within a local curved coordinate system. The proposed methodologies are validated through comparison with analytical results and a Galerkin-based solution from the literature across several representative scenarios. The rate of convergence, with respect to the number of expansion terms in the Rayleigh-Ritz method solution (RRMS), is observed to be faster than that in Galerkin-based solutions, while requiring comparable computational times. Furthermore, we explore the impact of both dielectric and conduction losses via the Rayleigh-Ritz method, aspects previously unattainable with analytical methods.

关键词： Electromagnetic waveguides rectangular waveguides Method of moments Vectors Microwave theory and techniques Geometry Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Curved rectangular waveguide Galerkin method Rayleigh-Ritz method variational solution

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rectangular waveguides WITH IMPEDANCE WALLS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES 1971年第1期MT19卷 2-&页

作者： DYBDAL, RB PETERS, L PEAKE, WH ElectroScience Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ohio State Uinversity Columbus OH USA AeroSpace Corporation Los Angeles CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering Electro Science Laboratory Ohio State Uinversity Columbus OH USA

The propagation of guided waves in a rectangular geometry having impedance boundary conditions is investigated. An impedance compatibility relation is derived that must be satisfied in order that a separable modal solution exists for a given impedance configuration. Several new rectangular waveguides are developed; among them are 1) a tall rectangular waveguide operating in a dominant H/sub 10/ mode with no H/sub 0N/ modes; 2) a rectangular waveguide with two parallel anisotropic impedance surfaces; 3) a rectangular waveguide with two parallel walls having isotropic impedance surfaces, the other two walls being anisotropic; 4) a rectangular waveguide supporting only E modes; and 5) rectangular coaxial systems containing impedance surfaces. The modal structure of rectangular waveguides with impedance boundary conditions offers advantages over the conventional waveguide. The potential of oversizing for low-loss and high-power applications is enhanced because of the additional modal control provided by the impedance surfaces. Other applications are suggested.

关键词： rectangular waveguides Surface impedance Corrugated surfaces Boundary conditions Surface waves Geometry Anisotropic magnetoresistance Coaxial components Dielectrics Laboratories

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MODE FILTERS FOR OVERSIZED rectangular waveguides

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES 1968年第5期MT16卷 274-&页

作者： BUTTERWE.HJ Technical University of Eindhoven Netherlands N. V. Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken Eindhoven Netherlands

In order to suppress trapped-mode resonances and other disturbing phenomena related to the existence of higher-order modes in oversized waveguides, suitable mode filters are required. In this paper such filters are described for rectangular waveguides in which only the dominant H/sub 10/ mode is wanted. The unwanted modes to be suppressed by the mode filters are classified as 1) E/sub mn/ and H/sub mn/ modes with n /spl ne/ 0, and 2) H/sub m0/ modes with m /spl ne/ 1. These two types of modes must be treated separately and require different approaches to the mode-filtering problem. For both classes several constructions of mode filters are described and analyzed.

关键词： rectangular waveguides Electromagnetic waveguides Resonance Submillimeter wave filters Waveguide components Attenuation Submillimeter wave propagation Electromagnetic radiation Magnetic fields

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Electromagnetic wave propagation in rectangular waveguides filled with Omega-medium

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JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS 2005年第9期52卷 1293-1308页

作者： Toscano, A Vegni, L Univ Roma Tre Dept Appl Elect I-00146 Rome Italy

A time-harmonic electromagnetic plane wave propagating in a uniaxial bianisotropic medium, the so-called Omega medium, is considered. Plane waves are identified together with their dispersion equations with the help of an appropriate coordinate system. The plane wave solution is then used to study in a rigorous way the coupled-mode equations satisfied by the electromagnetic field in a rectangular waveguide filled with such a material and bounded by perfect electrically conducting walls. The features of this approach are demonstrated and an application to rectangular waveguides is discussed. Numerical results are also presented as a function of the material parameters.

关键词： Electromagnetic wave propagation Plane waves Planing rectangular waveguides wave propagation material parameter Coordinate system Electromagnetic fields

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Unidirectional transparency in epsilon-near-zero based rectangular waveguides induced by parity-time symmetry

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APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2021年第26期119卷 1-6页

作者： Nicolussi, Martin Riley, Joseph Arnold Pacheco-Pena, Victor Newcastle Univ Sch Math Stat & Phys Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tyne & Wear England Newcastle Univ Sch Engn Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tyne & Wear England

Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterials present exciting features such as an almost infinite effective wavelength and phase velocity. However, a major challenge when using such artificial media is to achieve impedance matching due to their vanishing permittivity. To address this, it has recently been shown that wave propagation within ENZ media combined with parity-time (PT) symmetry concepts can exhibit asymmetric reflection and enhanced transmission. Here, we exploit this technique by studying a PT-symmetric ENZ structure consisting of a rectangular waveguide operating near the cutoff frequency of the dominant TE10 mode (emulating an ENZ metamaterial) and placed between balanced thin loss and gain blocks. Theoretical studies based on the transmission line theory, eigenvalue problems, and full-wave numerical simulations are performed. It is shown how unbroken and broken PT-symmetric phases can exist with exceptional points in between, demonstrating asymmetric reflection and enhanced transmission while preserving the ENZ behavior of the system.& nbsp;(C) 2021 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： rectangular waveguides

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C-SLOT - A PRACTICAL SOLUTION FOR PHASED-ARRAYS OF RADIATING SLOTS LOCATED ON THE NARROW SIDE OF rectangular waveguides

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-H MICROWAVES ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 1982年第2期129卷 49-55页

作者： SPHICOPOULOS, T Laboratoire d'Electromagnetisme et d'Acoustique Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland

A study of the C-shaped slot has been undertaken in order to solve several problems encountered in the design of slotted antennas with the slots located on the narrow side of a rectangular waveguide. The final theory presented here is much more general, and can be applied for any number of arbitrarily shaped slots. The paper describes the calculation of the equivalent magnetic current on the C-shaped slots, and their reflection factor, taking into account the mutual coupling – both internal and external – between them. These results lead to a precise radiation pattern calculation of the C-slotted antenna. Finally, a design procedure is proposed and applied to a practical case.

关键词： radiation pattern waveguides and microwave transmission lines mutual coupling theory equivalent magnetic current Antenna theory slotted antennas antenna radiation patterns Antenna arrays antenna phased arrays C slotted antenna radiating slots phased arrays microwave antenna arrays rectangular waveguides antenna theory design

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Dispersion and Filtering Properties of rectangular waveguides Loaded With Holey Structures

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES 2020年第12期68卷 5132-5144页

作者： Palomares-Caballero, Angel Alex-Amor, Antonio Padilla, Pablo Valenzuela-Valdes, Juan F. Univ Granada Dept Teoria Senal Telemat & Comunicac Granada 18071 Spain Univ Politecn Madrid Informat Proc & Telecommun Ctr Madrid 28040 Spain

This article analyzes thoroughly the dispersion and filtering features of periodic holey waveguides in the millimeter-wave frequency range. Two structures are mainly studied depending on the glide and mirror symmetries of the holes. A parametric study of the dispersion characteristics of their unit cells is carried out. Glide-symmetric holey waveguides provide a higher propagation constant and a low dispersion over a wide frequency range regarding hollow waveguides. This property is particularly useful for the design of low-loss and low-dispersive phase shifters. We also demonstrate that glide-symmetric holey waveguides are less dispersive than waveguides loaded with glide-symmetric pins. Furthermore, we perform a Bloch analysis to compute the attenuation constants in holey waveguides with mirror and broken glide symmetries. Both configurations are demonstrated to be suitable for filter design. Finally, the simulation results are validated with two prototypes in gap-waveguide technology. The first one is a 180 degrees phase shifter based on a glide-symmetric holey configuration that achieves a flat phase shift response over a wide frequency range (27.5% frequency bandwidth). The second one is a filter based on a mirror-symmetric holey structure with a 20-dB rejection from 63 to 75 GHz.

关键词： Dispersion Periodic structures Mirrors Phase shifters Hollow waveguides Waveguide discontinuities rectangular waveguides Filter gap waveguide glide symmetry hollow waveguide low dispersion millimeter-wave mirror symmetry multimodal (M-M) transfer matrix periodic holey structures phase shifter

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Highly efficient heterogeneous modal superposition method for the full-wave analysis of arbitrarily shaped H-plane structures fed through rectangular waveguides

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IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION 2011年第7期5卷 747-755页

作者： Belenguer, A. Esteban, H. Boria, V. E. Borja, A. L. Cascon, J. Univ Castilla La Mancha Dept Ingn Elect Elect Automat & Comunicac Escuela Univ Politecn Cuenca E-13071 Ciudad Real Spain Univ Politecn Valencia Dept Comunicac Valencia Spain

A new fully modal characterisation procedure is proposed to reduce the number of unknowns needed to characterise the ports of an arbitrary H-plane device in rectangular waveguide, so that no equivalent currents will be involved in the characterisation of the ports. Moreover, since no currents are needed to characterise the ports, the weights of the scattered modes can be unknowns of the resulting system of equations. This is an important fact, since, to find the wanted modal weights, a subsequent projection step is not necessary anymore. The new method is then advantageous when compared to other hybrid alternatives in the literature, not only because the ports are solved using fewer unknowns, which is the main advantage of the proposal, but also because the scattering parameters can be computed directly, once the system of equations is posed.

关键词： full-wave analysis waveguides and microwave transmission lines scattering parameters arbitrarily shaped H-plane structures rectangular waveguides S-parameters heterogeneous modal superposition

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Post dielectric resonator at the junction of three rectangular waveguides: calculations and measurements

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-MICROWAVES ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 2003年第2期150卷 90-96页

作者： Helszajn, J Sharp, J Apollo Microwaves Ltd Pointe Claire PQ H9R 1G6 Canada Napier Univ Sch Engn Edinburgh EH10 5DT Midlothian Scotland

The open dielectric or gyromagnetic post resonator on the axis of a radial, waveguide, or at the junction of three rectangular waveguides, is a standard problem region in microwave engineering. The paper introduces a new exact formulation of the passband frequencies of such a symmetrical three-port junction. It is based on recognising that such passbands coincide with the condition for which the impedance of a symmetric mode of the post numerically coincides with the admittance of certain pairs of degenerate modes. This condition is used to determine the frequencies of the first two passbands of the junction in the vicinities of the TM110m and TM210m degenerate pairs of modes. The dominant symmetric T 0 mode is instrumental in defining each of these passbands.. The calculations undertaken here are compatible with existing full wave analysis of the geometry under consideration, finite element calculations and measurements.

关键词： Dielectric resonators impedance Passband Resonator Device Component rectangular waveguides

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Conductor losses calculation in two-dimensional simulations of H-plane rectangular waveguides

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JOURNAL OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND APPLICATIONS 2019年第8期33卷 981-990页

作者： Castorina, G. Torrisi, G. Sorbello, G. Celona, L. Mostacci, A. Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Lab Nazl Frascati Frascati Italy Ist Nazl Fis Nucl Lab Nazl Sud Via S Sofia 62 Catania Italy Univ Catania Dipartimento Ingn Elettr Elettron & Informat Catania Italy

This paper presents a novel numerical approach to simulate H-plane rectangular-waveguide microwave circuits considering a reduced quasi-2D simulation domain with benefits for computational cost and time. With the aim to evaluate the attenuation of the full height 3D component, we propose a modified expression for the waveguide top/bottom wall conductivity. Numerical 2D simulations are validated against results from full wave 3-D commercial electromagnetic simulator. After a benchmark on a simple straight waveguide model, the method has been successfully applied to an asymmetric un-balanced power splitter, where an accurate power loss prediction is mandatory. Simulation time and memory consumption can be reduced by a factor ten and seven respectively, in comparison with complete 3D geometries. Finally, we show that, also for quasi-2D E-bend waveguide, a case where the translational H-plane symmetry is broken, the error on conductor losses computation is mitigated by our approach since the method remains still valid in a first approximation.

关键词： H-plane waveguide numerical simulation power divider attenuation conductor losses conductivity waveguide components rectangular waveguides

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