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relational dimensions, motivation and knowledge-sharing in healthcare: a perspective from relational models theory

INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES 2023年第1期89卷 221-238页

作者： Monazam Tabrizi, Negar Univ Manchester Global Dev Inst Oxford Rd Manchester M13 9PL Lancs England

This study investigates the relational dimensions that shape clinicians' intentionality and motivation for knowledge-sharing. Qualitative data was collected from 40 clinicians in two hospitals, and relational models theory was used to investigate the impact of different relational models (communal-sharing, authority-ranking, equality-matching and market-pricing) on clinicians' intentionality and motivation to engage in knowledge and learning. While communal-sharing and expert-based authority-ranking relationships predominantly encourage intra-professional knowledge-sharing, equality-matching encourages inter-professional knowledge-sharing. This implies that while the idea is to work together to improve public service quality, each actor has their own interests and is motivated to share knowledge for different collective and/or personal reasons/agendas. In the public sector, formal authority-ranking and market-pricing are the main driving forces of coordination of actions and knowledge flow, through the medium of money and trade. Despite this, power games and a lack of support from those in positions of authority and ignorance of potential conflicts of interest, as well as extrinsic motivators, hamper knowledge-sharing, all of which threaten patient safety. Points for practitioners In pursuit of public service improvement, a focus on fostering an organizational culture that promotes collective behaviour, especially among those in authority, is crucial, given that their lack of support retards knowledge-sharing. For effective knowledge-sharing, both intrinsic and extrinsic motivators are equally important depending on the relational model.

关键词： healthcare intentionality and motivation knowledge-sharing public service delivery relational models theory

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Anthropological grounds of climate equity principles

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY 2024年 151卷

作者： Mandard, Matthieu Univ Rennes Ctr Res Econ & Management CREM UMR CNRS 6211 11 Rue Jean MaceCS 70803 F-70803 Rennes 7 France

As repeatedly acknowledged since the ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992, the equitable allocation of climate burden among parties is at the heart of climate negotiations. But while equity principles have been extensively addressed in the literature on climate policy, their fundamental underlying values remain elusive. Drawing on anthropology and relational models theory, this Perspective paper aims to shed light on this topic by showing that any climate equity principle corresponds to one of the four relational models people in all cultures use to implement their exchanges - and thus corresponds to their associated principles of distributive justice. Such a clarification may facilitate academic research on this topic, as well as the definition, the acceptance and, finally, the effective implementation of climate policies.

关键词： Anthropology Climate equity principles Distributive justice relational models theory

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Democratizing corruption: a role structure analysis of Indonesia's "Big Bang" decentralization

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APPLIED NETWORK SCIENCE 2023年第1期8卷 8页

作者： Silitonga, Mala Sondang Wittek, Rafael Snijders, Tom A. B. Heyse, Liesbet Natl Inst Publ Adm Indonesia Sch Adm Jl Adm II Pejompongan Jakarta 10260 Indonesia Univ Groningen Dept Sociol Grote Rozenstr 31 NL-9712 TG Groningen Netherlands

The study investigates to what degree Indonesia's large-scale decentralization and democratization changed corruption networks. A role structure approach is developed to move current analysis of dyad-level structures to the network level. This approach is empirically tested by comparing the relational content and third-party structures of 96 corruption networks operating in the first phase of decentralization (2001-2004), characterized by a powerful local council, with 94 corruption networks detected in the second phase (2005-2013), when direct local elections were introduced, and the power of the local council declined. Building on Fiske's relational model theory, it is argued and found that the local executive's reduced dependence on the local council provided the opportunity to initiate corrupt exchanges with a broader set of players both inside and outside the bureaucracy. Whereas deep dependence power relations (i.e. formal authority) remained important, an increasing proportion of corruption networks involved compound role structures characterized by both shallow (non-embedded profit and work relations) and deep interdependence (kin- and friendship). Furthermore, third party intermediaries became more important. Implications for the study of networks of corruption are discussed.

关键词： Corruption relational models theory Third party intermediaries Role structures Multiplexity Decentralization Institutional change

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Taboo Trade-Offs in the Community Business: The Case of Coworking

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JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT INQUIRY 2024年第1期33卷 77-91页

作者： Bennis, Will M. Orel, Marko Prague Univ Econ & Business Dept Entrepreneurship Prague Czech Republic Prague Univ Econ & Business Dept Entrepreneurship Nam W Churchilla 1938-4 Prague 3 Czech Republic

The past 15 years has seen the rise of businesses that seek to sell community as a service. relational models theory provides a compelling theoretical framework that suggests the prospect of selling or buying community may be prone to evoking cognitive, affective, and behavioral aversion among both sides in the exchange. This paper considers the coworking industry-a paradigmatic example of a business that promises to sell community-through the lens of relational models theory. We use our personal experience as coworking space owners and community managers to explore challenges and conflicts that we, other community managers, and our members have encountered that may be inherent to trying to buy and sell community. Finally, we suggest tentative solutions to those challenges.

关键词： community management coworking relational models theory taboo trade-offs

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Secret disclosure and social relationships in groups

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GROUP PROCESSES & INTERGROUP RELATIONS 2024年第4期27卷 946-966页

作者： Travaglino, Giovanni A. Levine, John M. Cepulic, Dominik-Borna Li, Zhuo Univ London Royal Holloway London England Univ Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Catholic Univ Croatia Zagreb Croatia Univ Western Ontario London ON Canada Univ London Inst Study Power Crime & Soc Dept Law & Criminol Egham TW20 0EX Surrey England

Personal secrets are a ubiquitous fact of group life, but the conditions under which they are revealed have not been explored. In five studies, we assessed secret disclosure in groups governed by four models of human sociality (Communal Sharing, Equality Matching, Authority Ranking, Market Pricing;Fiske). In Studies 1a and 1b, participants indicated their willingness to disclose secrets in hypothetical groups governed by the models. In Studies 2a and 2b, participants rated how much a group in which they disclosed secrets or nonsecrets is governed by the models. In Study 3, participants indicated their disclosure of various types of secrets in Communal Sharing and Equality Matching groups to which they belonged. Across studies, disclosure was most strongly associated with Communal Sharing, followed by Equality Matching. Study 3 further showed that identity fusion predicted disclosure in these two kinds of groups. Implications for understanding disclosure of personal secrets in group contexts were discussed.

关键词： group dynamics identity fusion relational models theory secrets

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When team members (dis)agree about social rules and norms: a shared relational models approach to explaining team viability

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CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2024年第21期43卷 19121-19139页

作者： Arendt, Johannes F. W. Kugler, Katharina G. Brodbeck, Felix C. Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen Dept Psychol Munich Germany

When people work together in teams, they ideally have a common understanding, a shared mental model regarding various aspects of teamwork. This common understanding refers not only to task-related aspects of teamwork but also to the elemental social rules and norms that underlie social interactions among team members. relational models theory proposes that social rules and norms can be seen as the implementation and combination of four elemental relational models that people use to coordinate their social interactions. Since each of these relational models encompasses a distinct moral motive, which determines expectations of fairness and appropriate behaviors in social interactions, we propose that the degree of sharedness of individuals' perceptions regarding the applicable relational models in teams (i.e., shared relational models) is positively related to various aspects of team viability, mediated by perceived justice and relationship conflict. In two field studies collecting data from N = 40 and N = 46 work teams in organizations, we found reproducible support for most of our hypotheses. Our studies' findings emphasize the importance of shared relational models among team members for justice perceptions, conflict and team viability in organizational settings.

关键词： relational models theory relational models Shared relational models Shared mental models Team mental models Shared cognition Justice perception Team conflict Team viability

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Unequal implies success? How initial ownership split impacts team entry and new venture performance

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EUROPEAN MANAGEMENT JOURNAL 2024年第3期42卷 305-315页

作者： Mueller, Elisabeth Hennicke, Maria Univ Lille IESEG Sch Management CNRS UMR 9221 LEM Lille Econ Management F-59000 Lille France ZEW Leibniz Ctr European Econ Res L 71 D-68161 Mannheim Germany Bochum Univ Appl Sci Hsch Campus 1 D-44801 Bochum Germany

When launching a new venture, the new venture team (NVT) determines the ownership split, a decision which has implications for the venture's performance. We develop a novel theoretical framework by extending the relational-models theory to the type of ownership split chosen and explaining the choice of an equal or unequal split with the preferred model of social interaction. The models differ in terms of contribution organization and valuation, as well as the primary motivations of NVT members. We hypothesize that NVTs with unequal splits perform better and are more open to NVT entry. Furthermore, NVT entry is hypothesized to act as a partial mediator in the ownership split-performance relationship. We find support for our hypotheses using mediation analysis on a large sample of 24,194 German start-ups. Our research contributes to a better understanding of the performance implications of NVT's internal organization. Our findings, however, do not imply that all NVTs should choose an unequal split. Importantly, our research demonstrates that, depending on owners' preferences, both equal and unequal splits are distinct and viable models for organizing NVTs, even though performance differences should be taken into consideration.

关键词： Ownership split relational models theory NVT entry New venture performance

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Conceptualizing Agency: A Framework for Human-AI Interaction

Conceptualizing Agency: A Framework for Human-AI Interaction

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Joint of the ACM Workshops at the International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces 2025, IUI-WS 2025

作者： Zhang, Alexander Varshney, Lav R. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Department of Philosophy United States University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States

This paper proposes a framework for understanding intentional agency in the context of increasingly autonomous AI systems. As AI tools perform complex tasks independently, they challenge our traditional notions of agency-particularly the ability to act intentionally, grounded in what Anscombe calls "practical knowledge." We explore intentional agency through three lenses: (1) Anscombe's concept of intention, where we examine how AI tools complicate human intentionality and our ability to give reasons for actions;(2) shared intention, which frames agency in joint human activities;and (3) relational intention, a novel synthesis drawing on Anscombe and Fiske's relational models theory which captures how relationships shift between different relational models. Our analysis reveals that agency is not merely an individual capacity but is fundamentally shaped by relationships with others who can interpret and respond to our reasons. AI systems, however, disrupt this dynamic: while they assist in tasks, they lack the intersubjectivity required to engage in mutual reason-giving, potentially diminishing our practical knowledge and intentional agency. We conclude that AI should be designed to support human-human relationships rather than supplant them, with humans retaining relational authority in human-AI interactions to preserve agency. © 2024 Copyright for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

关键词： Agency Anscombe Generative AI Human-AI co-creation relational models theory

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Being on the same page about social rules and norms: Effects of shared relational models on cooperation in work teams

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GROUP PROCESSES & INTERGROUP RELATIONS 2023年第5期26卷 1119-1139页

作者： Arendt, Johannes F. W. Kugler, Katharina G. Brodbeck, Felix C. Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen Munich Germany

In working teams, each member has an individual understanding of the social rules and norms that underlie social relationships in the team, as well as about what behavior is appropriate and what behavior can be expected from others. What happens if the members of a team are not "on the same page" with respect to these social rules and norms? Drawing on relational models theory, which posits four elemental relational models that people use to coordinate their social interactions, we examined the effects of a common understanding of relational models in teams (i.e., "shared relational models") on various aspects of cooperative and uncooperative behaviors. We hypothesized that a shared understanding of relational models in a team is positively related to justice perception and negatively related to relationship conflict, which are in turn related to helping behavior and knowledge hiding. We conducted a field study, collecting data from 46 work teams (N = 189 total participants) in various organizations, and found support for all proposed hypotheses. Our findings emphasize the importance of a shared understanding of relational models for (un)cooperative behavior in teams, thereby opening a new door for research on relational models in organizations.

关键词： helping behavior justice knowledge hiding relational models theory shared mental models team conflict

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Commensality constitutes communalism: Producing emergent bonds in experimental small groups by sharing food and drink

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023年第6期53卷 1128-1143页

作者： Brito, Rodrigo Waldzus, Sven Schubert, Thomas Wolfgang Sekerdej, Maciej Louceiro, Ana Simao, Claudia Lisbon Univ Inst CIS ISCTE Ave Forcas Armadas P-1649026 Lisbon Portugal Univ Oslo Inst Psychol Forskningsveien 3A0373 OSLOPOB 1094 N-0317 Oslo Norway Jagiellonian Univ Inst Psychol Romana Ingardena 6 PL-31006 Krakow Poland Univ Catolica Portuguesa Catolica Lisbon Sch Business & Econ P-1649023 Lisbon Portugal

relational models theory provides an alternative framework to study group and intergroup processes. One of four models people use to constitute groups is communal sharing (CS). Ethnographic and experimental evidence suggests that CS is produced by concrete and symbolic enactments of connections between bodies (cuddling, touching, synchronicity, commensality). We tested the effect of commensality on CS and ingroup favouritism in four Experiments with 3-person groups (total n = 330) and found that commensality enhances emergent group communal sharing but does not enhance ingroup favouritism. In Experiment 1, sharing food enhanced ingroup communal sharing but in Experiment 2 this effect was not significant. In Experiments 3 and 4, sharing water enhanced communal sharing, but only when served from the same bottle, implying consubstantial assimilation. Ingroup favouritism was not enhanced by commensality in any experiment, even when explicitly presented as exclusively ingroup (Experiment 2), suggesting non-comparative group formation through ingroup commensality.

关键词： commensality communal sharing ingroup favouritism relational models theory

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