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Premo: DreamWorks Animation's New Approach to Animation

IEEE computer graphics AND APPLICATIONS 2015年第4期35卷 14-21页

作者： DiLorenzo, Paul Carmen DreamWorks Animat Animat & Rigging Program Glendale CA 91201 USA

Premo offers a state-of-the-art animator experience with fully deforming characters, complex environments, and real-time lighting that is indicative of final rendered images. The technology used in Premo unlocks novel workflows that keep an animator highly efficient and engaged in the creative process. The result is a natural interface for 3D animation, in contrast to the highly technical interfaces often required by other professional animation tools. Premo was successfully deployed on the feature animated film How to Train Your Dragon 2 and is now being used by all DreamWorks animators.

关键词： computer Animation rendering computer graphics Premo Dream Works Animation Animation Approach Animator Experience Complex Environments Real Time Lighting Rendered Images Natural Interface 3 D Animation Professional Animation Tools Feature Animated Film Animation Motion Pictures Films Lighting Production Visualization computer graphics graphics Applications Premo Apollo Animation Character Animation 3 D Animation Lib EE Dream Works Animation

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AN INDEXED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON computer ANIMATION

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IEEE computer graphics AND APPLICATIONS 1985年第7期5卷 76-86页

作者： MAGNENATTHALMANN, N THALMANN, D UNIV MONTREAL GRAD BUSINESS SCH MONTREAL H3T 1V6 QUEBEC CANADA

Although the computer plays an ever increasing role in animation, the term ?computer animation? is imprecise and sometimes can be misleading, since the computer can play a variety of different roles. A popular and sim... 详细信息

关键词： Bibliographies Animation computer graphics Image Generation Humans rendering computer graphics Computational Geometry Art Production computer Errors

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Representing interwoven surfaces in 2-1/2D drawings

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IEEE computer graphics AND APPLICATIONS 2007年第4期27卷 70-83页

作者： Wiley, Keith Williams, Lance R. Univ New Mexico Albuquerque NM 87131 USA

Drawing programs must be able to distinguish which surface is on top anywhere that two surfaces overlap. Existing drawing programs do this by assigning surfaces to distinct layers, so they can't represent interwoven sets of surfaces. Druid uses a more general representation by maintaining local depth ordering of segments of a drawing's surface boundaries rather than a global depth relation between entire surfaces.

关键词： Equivalence Classes rendering computer graphics Solid Modelling 2 Frac 12 D Drawings Interwoven Surface Representation Druid Drawing Program Overlapping Surfaces Local Depth Ordering Drawing Surface Boundary rendering Equivalence Class Shape Layout Spline computer graphics Human Factors Organizing User Interfaces computer Aided Design Interwoven Surfaces

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The digital chameleon principle: Computing invisibility by rendering transparency

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IEEE computer graphics AND APPLICATIONS 2007年第1期27卷 90-96页

作者： Nielsen, Frank Sony Computer Science Laboratories

Today, invisibility does not seem out of reach to the realm of science. At least, it's more probable than it was a century ago. There are yet many technology gaps to bridge to reach true invisibility. What does being invisible mean then? In cognitive science, this invisibility phenomenon is called cognitive blindness. A typical example is the case of somebody leaving a meeting room without being noticed by an audience that is deeply engrossed in a conversation. Such a cognitive invisibility could be individually selective compared with real-world, physics-based absolute invisibility. Yet another potential investigation topic linking physics-based and human-eye invisibility is vibration. The approaches to invisibility presented here are within the probable reaches of today's science. Yet the door is widely open to our imagination, and we can find other ingenious schemes. As the pace of technology keeps ineluctably increasing, recent achievements and progress suggest that the active camouflage paradigm of the digital chameleon box is not just a Utopian dream, but is rather becoming closer to reality

关键词： rendering computer graphics Digital Chameleon Principle Invisibility Transparency rendering Cognitive Blindness rendering computer graphics Marine Vehicles Pigments Books Marine Animals Chemicals Physics Computing Refractive Index Space Technology Skin Invisibility Optical Camouflage Light Field Integral Photography

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ARIES: Enabling Visual Exploration and Organization of Art Image Collections

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IEEE computer graphics AND APPLICATIONS 2018年第1期38卷 91-108页

作者： Crissaff, Lhaylla Ruby, Louisa Deutch, Samantha DuBois, Luke Fekete, Jean-Daniel Freire, Juliana Silva, Claudio T. Univ Fed Fluminense Dept Geometry Niteroi RJ Brazil Frick Art Reference Lib New York NY USA NYU Tandon Sch Engn Integrated Digital Media New York NY 10003 USA INRIA Rocquencourt France NYU New York NY 10003 USA

Art historians have traditionally used physical light boxes to prepare exhibits or curate collections. On a light box, they can place slides or printed images, move the images around at will, group them as desired, and visually compare them. The transition to digital images has rendered this workflow obsolete. Now, art historians lack well-designed, unified interactive software tools that effectively support the operations they perform with physical light boxes. To address this problem, we designed ARIES (ARt Image Exploration Space), an interactive image manipulation system that enables the exploration and organization of fine digital art. The system allows images to be compared in multiple ways, offering dynamic overlays analogous to a physical light box, and supporting advanced image comparisons and feature-matching functions, available through computational image processing. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our system to support art historians' tasks through real use cases.

关键词： Art Data Visualisation Feature Extraction Image Matching Interactive Systems Software Tools Digital Images Workflow Obsolete Unified Interactive Software Tools Physi Cal Light Boxes ARIES A Rt Image Exploration Space Interactive Image Manipulation System Fine Digital Art Physical Light Box Sup Porting Advanced Image Comparisons Feature Matching Functions Computational Image Processing Art Historians Tasks Enabling Visual Exploration Art Image Collections Printed Images Data Visualization rendering computer graphics Digital Images Space Exploration ARIES Museum Light Box Art History computer graphics Applications

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A Flexible Pinhole Camera Model for Coherent Nonuniform Sampling

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IEEE computer graphics AND APPLICATIONS 2014年第4期34卷 30-41页

作者： Popescu, Voicu Benes, Bedrich Rosen, Paul Cui, Jian Wang, Lili Purdue Univ Dept Comp Sci W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Purdue Univ Dept Comp Graph Technol W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Univ Utah Sci Comp & Imaging Inst Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Univ Utah Sch Comp Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Beihang Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

The flexible pinhole camera allows modulating the sampling rate over the field of view with fine granularity. It inexpensively renders complex datasets by projection followed by rasterization. The resulting image is a... 详细信息

关键词： Cameras Image Sampling rendering computer graphics Pinhole Camera Model Coherent Nonuniform Sampling Remote Visualization Focus Plus Context Visualization Cameras rendering computer graphics Data Visualization Image Resolution Context Modeling Servers Approximation Methods Camera Models Nonuniform Sampling Interactive rendering Remote Visualization Specular Reflection rendering Surface Geometric Detail rendering Volume rendering Focus Plus Context Visualization computer graphics Pinhole Cameras Nonpinhole Cameras graphics Visualization

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Scalable Real-Time Visualization Using the Cloud

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IEEE CLOUD COMPUTING 2015年第6期2卷 90-96页

作者： Holliman, Nick Watson, Paul Newcastle Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tyne & Wear England Newcastle Univ Comp Sci Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU Tyne & Wear England

Visualizing big data is a computationally intensive task that most users undertake on an exploratory basis. The need for scalable computational power coupled with varied usage patterns makes it a strong candidate for cloud computing. Many interactive visualization services based on Web technologies and client-side rendering exist (***/resources). However, these services can't make optimal use of the cloud because they rely on the client having the resources to store and render any amount of visualization data the server needs to send them. For big data problems, these demands will always be huge and thus will swamp the client's limited memory and compute power.

关键词： Cloud Computing Data Visualization rendering computer graphics computer Architecture graphics Processing Units Scalability Big Data Cloud Information Visualization Cloud Computing Scalable Systems

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Surface capture for performance-based animation

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IEEE computer graphics AND APPLICATIONS 2007年第3期27卷 21-31页

作者： Starck, Jonathan Hilton, Adrian Univ Surrey Guildford GU2 5XH Surrey England

Creating realistic animated models of people is a central task in digital content production. Traditionally, highly skilled artists and animators construct shape and appearance models for digital character. They then define the character's motion at each time frame or specific key-frames in a motion sequence to create a digital performance. Increasingly, producers are using motion capture technology to record animations from an actor's performance. This technology reduces animation production time and captures natural movements to create a more believable production. However, motion capture requires the use of specialist suits and markers and only records skeletal motion. It lacks the detailed secondary surface dynamics of cloth and hair that provide the visual realism of a live performance. Over the last decade, we have investigated studio capture technology with the objective of creating models of real people that accurately reflect the time-varying shape and appearance of the whole body with clothing. Surface capture is a fully automated system for capturing a human's shape and appearance as well as motion from multiple video cameras to create highly realistic animated content from an actor's performance in full wardrobe. Our system solves two key problems in performance capture: scene capture from a limited number of camera views and efficient scene representation for visualization

关键词： computer Animation Data Visualisation Image Motion Analysis Image Sequences Realistic Images Video Cameras Realistic Animated Model Digital Content Production Motion Sequence Skeletal Motion Surface Capture Multiple Video Cameras Data Visualization Animation Calibration High Definition Video Image Reconstruction Shape rendering computer graphics Production Systems Digital Cameras Solid Modeling computer graphics Image Based Modelling And rendering Video Based Character Animation

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On Dynamic Scheduling for the GPU and its Applications in computer graphics and Beyond

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IEEE computer graphics AND APPLICATIONS 2018年第3期38卷 119-130页

作者： Steinberger, Markus Graz Univ Technol Graz Austria

During the last decade we have witnessed a severe change in computing, as processor clock-rates stopped increasing. Thus, the arguable only way to increase processing power is switching to a parallel computing architecture, like the graphics processing unit (GPU). While a GPU offers tremendous processing power, harnessing this power is often difficult. In our research we tackle this issue, providing various components to allow a wider class of algorithms to execute efficiently on the GPU. These efforts include new processing models for dynamic algorithms with various degrees of parallelism, a versatile task scheduler, based on highly efficient work queues which also support dynamic priority scheduling, and efficient dynamic memory management. Our scheduling strategies advance the state-of-the-art algorithms in the field of rendering, visualization, and geometric modeling. In the field of rendering, we provide algorithms that can significantly speed-up image generation, assigning more processing power to the most important image regions. In the field of geometric modeling we provide the first GPU-based grammar evaluation system that can generate and render cities in real-time which otherwise take hours to generate and could not fit into GPU memory. Finally, we show that mesh processing algorithms can be computed significantly faster on the GPU when parallelizing them with advanced scheduling strategies.

关键词： Grammars graphics Processing Units rendering computer graphics Scheduling graphics Processing Unit Dynamic Algorithms Versatile Task Scheduler Dynamic Priority Scheduling Efficient Dynamic Memory Management Scheduling Strategies Advance The State Of The Art Algorithms Geometric Modeling GPU Memory Mesh Processing Algorithms Advanced Scheduling Strategies Dynamic Scheduling computer graphics Processor Clock Rates Parallel Computing Architecture GPU Based Grammar Evaluation System graphics Processing Units Dynamic Scheduling Heuristic Algorithms Instruction Sets Parallel Processing computer graphics Gpu Geometric Modeling Parallelization Dynamic Algorithms

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Toward Gaming as a Service

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IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING 2014年第3期18卷 12-18页

作者： Cai, Wei Chen, Min Leung, Victor C. M. Univ British Columbia Dept Elect & Comp Engn Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China Univ British Columbia TELUS Mobil Res Chair Vancouver BC V5Z 1M9 Canada

Gaming as a service (GaaS) is a future trend in the game industry. The authors survey existing platforms that provide cloud gaming services and classify them into three architectural frameworks to analyze their pros and cons and identify research directions. They also examine the features of different game genres to determine their impact on systematic design for cloud gaming services. Finally, they provide a vision on GaaS provisioning for mobile devices.

关键词： Games rendering computer graphics Streaming Media Servers Internet Browsers Software Architecture Cloud Computing Gaming As A Service

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