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FGD5 in basal cells induces CXCL14 secretion that initiates a feedback loop to promote murine mammary epithelial growth and differentiation

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DEVELOPMENTAL CELL 2024年第16期59卷 2085-2100.e9页

作者： Zhang, Tingting Zhao, Chenxi Li, Yunxuan Wu, Jie Wang, Feng Yu, Jinmei Wang, Zhenhe Gao, Yang Zhao, Luyao Liu, Ying Yan, Yechao Li, Xia Gao, Huan Hu, Zhuowei Cui, Bing Li, Ke Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll Inst Mat Med State Key Lab Bioact Subst & Funct Nat Med NHC Key Lab Biotechnol Antibiot Beijing 100050 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Med Sci & Peking Union Med Coll Inst Mat Med State Key Lab Bioact Subst & Funct Nat Med CAMS Key Lab Mol Mech & Target Discovery Metab Dis Beijing 100050 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Marine Coll Weihai 264200 Peoples R China

The interactions of environmental compartments with epithelial cells are essential for mammary gland development and homeostasis. Currently, the direct crosstalk between the endothelial niche and mammary epithelial cells remains poorly understood. Here, we show that faciogenital dysplasia 5 (FGD5) is enriched in mammary basal cells (BCs) and mediates critical interactions between basal and endothelial cells (ECs) in the mammary gland. Conditional deletion of Fgd5 reduced, whereas conditional knockin of Fgd5 increased, the engraftment and expansion of BCs, regulating ductal morphogenesis in the mammary gland. Mechanistically, murine mammary BC-expressed FGD5 inhibited the transcriptional activity of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), leading to subsequent transcriptional activation and secretion of CXCL14. Furthermore, activation of CXCL14/CXCR4/ERK signaling in primary murine mammary stromal ECs enhanced the expression of HIF-1cc-regulated hedgehog ligands, which initiated a positive feedback loop to promote the function of BCs. Collectively, these findings identify functionally important interactions between BCs and the endothelial niche that occur through the FGD5/CXCL14/hedgehog axis.

关键词： CXCL14 HIF-1α Hedgehog mammary gland mammary microenvironment reprogrammability Rho guanine-nucleotide exchange factor FGD5 endothelial cell basal cell

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Modular multistable metamaterials with reprogrammable mechanical properties

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ENGINEERING STRUCTURES 2022年 272卷 1页

作者： Mao, Jia-Jia Wang, Shuai Tan, Wei Liu, Mingchao Beijing Univ Technol Fac Mat & Mfg Beijing Key Lab Nonlinear Vibrat & Strength Mech Beijing 100124 PR Peoples R China Queen Mary Univ London Sch Engn & Mat Sci Mile End Rd London E1 4NS England Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

Owing to extensive potential applications in various engineering areas, the multistable metamaterials with remarkable mechanical properties have gained increasing interest from both academia and industry recently. However, the functionality of existing multistable metamaterials is hard to adjust once fabricated. To overcome the limitation, in this paper, we propose an idea of modular multistable metamaterial (MMM) with reprogrammable mechanical properties, which is assembled by unit cells with tunable snap-through behaviours. The unit cell is made by a dismountable bar and a fixed frame containing two bistable curved beams. By inserting the bar with different length into the frame, we can change the shape of curved beams and therefore tune the snapthrough behaviour of the unit cell, which lies the foundation of its tunable multistabilities. We evaluate these tunabilities of geometry and mechanical properties of single unit cell by employing theoretical analyses and validate them by numerical simulations. The obtained quantitative results provide us the design guide for assembling of the MMM. We fabricate a certain number of components by 3D printing and assemble them as a unidirectional MMM to examine its reprogrammable macroscopic mechanical behaviours. We firstly investigate the tunable load-displacement responses experimentally and numerically;and then explore the tunable bandgaps through numerical simulations. Finally, we demonstrate the broader possibilities of assembly to form bi- and tri-directional, as well as gradient MMMs. The results presented in this paper have great significance for the design of modular metamaterials and expanding their application prospects in engineering structures.

关键词： Modular metamaterials Snap-through Multistability reprogrammability

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A Photoresponsive Hydrogel with Enhanced Photoefficiency and the Decoupled Process of Light Activation and Shape Changing for Precise Geometric Control

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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020年第34期12卷 38647-38654页

作者： Chen, Jiehao Huang, Jiahe Zhang, Haohui Hu, Yuhang Georgia Inst Technol George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn Atlanta GA 30332 USA Georgia Inst Technol Sch Chem & Biomol Engn Atlanta GA 30332 USA

Traditional shape-morphing hydrogels rely on structural implementation of inhomogeneity inside the material during fabrication to realize predetermined complex shape change upon activation. In recent years, several systems with reprogrammable shape-morphing capabilities have been developed. Among those, the photoresponsive hydrogels offer the best spatial and temporal control. However, for most photoresponsive hydrogels, upon light irradiation, they simultaneously deform, which requires the projection of the light pattern to be continuously adaptive to the deforming gel. It is impractical for complex 3D morphing. In this paper, by incorporating two photodissociable molecules that can form a reactive ion couple upon light activation into one hydrogel, the light irradiation process is decoupled with the morphing process, and the consumption of the reactive ion couple drives the reversible photochemical reaction forward. Consequently, the photochemical reaction efficiency is improved, and the photoresponsive molecules are locked in the activated state until a recovery stimulus is applied. Based on the proposed general scheme, a specific example is given by incorporating the triphenylmethane leucohydroxide and 2-nitrobenzaldehyde molecules into a polyacrylamide hydrogel. The swelling behavior is characterized, and the reprogrammable morphing with precisely controlled geometry is demonstrated.

关键词： hydrogels light responsiveness shape morphing reprogrammability photodissociation

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Liquid Crystal Networks on Thermoplastics: Reprogrammable Photo-Responsive Actuators

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ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION 2020年第11期59卷 4532-4536页

作者： Verpaalen, Rob C. P. da Cunha, Marina Pilz Engels, Tom A. P. Debije, Michael G. Schenning, Albert P. H. J. Eindhoven Univ Technol Chem Engn & Chem Funct Organ Mat & Devices SFD Helix Bldg STO 0-34Dolech 2 NL-5612 AZ Eindhoven Netherlands Tech Univ Eindhoven Fac Werktuigbouwkunde Eindhoven Netherlands Tech Univ Eindhoven Fac Scheikundige Technol Eindhoven Netherlands

Arbitrary shape (re)programming is appealing for fabricating untethered shape-morphing photo-actuators with intricate configurations and features. We present re-programmable light-responsive thermoplastic actuators with arbitrary initial shapes through spray-coating of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with an azobenzene-doped light-responsive liquid crystal network (LCN). The initial geometry of the actuator is controlled by thermally shaping and fixing the thermoplastic PET, allowing arbitrary shapes, including origami-like folds and left- and right-handed helicity within a single sample. The thermally fixed geometries can be reversibly actuated through light exposure, with fast, reversible area-specific actuation such as winding, unwinding and unfolding. By shape re-programming, the same sample can be re-designed and light-actuated again. The strategy presented here demonstrates easy fabrication of mechanically robust, recyclable, photo-responsive actuators with highly tuneable geometries and actuation modes.

关键词： liquid crystals photo-responsive materials polymers reprogrammability thermoplastic

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Metamorphosis of three-dimensional kirigami-inspired reconfigurable and reprogrammable architected matter

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MATERIALS TODAY PHYSICS 2021年 21卷

作者： Li, Yanbin Yin, Jie North Carolina State Univ Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Raleigh NC 27695 USA

Most shape-morphing materials are limited to one-to-one shape-changing process, i.e., one design corresponds to one target shape, thus it is hard to be reshaped due to the constraint of limited mobilities (degrees of freedom). Here, we propose harnessing kinematic bifurcation in mechanisms with multiple branched transformation paths to achieve enhanced reconfigurability and shape reprogrammability in a new class of three-dimensional (3D) kirigami-inspired architected matter. The reconfigurable and reprogrammable architected matter is constructed from planar tessellation of 3D kirigami-inspired transformable modules. The module consisting of eight closed-loop connected cubes exhibits both 3D non-bifurcated and bifurcated transformation modes, the motions of which are well captured by the developed kinematics model. The modules can be periodically tessellated in plane to form a flat, thick panel in both a diluted (with voids) and compact (without voids) pattern with multiple encoded, compatible transformation modes. Consequently, it can undergo a series of consecutive shape changes by reconfiguring into varieties of 3D transformable architectures that are conceptually in analogy to metamorphosis in some living organisms during growth. The endowed rich mobilities are found to derive from the kinematic bifurcation. Among them, a unique transformed 3D architecture can be further reprogrammed to reconfigure into multiple architected shapes with zero and non-zero Gaussian curvature through both forward and inverse designs. Such 3D reconfigurable kinematic matter is attractive for potential applications in reconfigurable metamaterials and morphing architectures. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Three-dimensional kirigami Architected materials Kinematic bifurcation Reconfigurability reprogrammability

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Poly (vinyl alcohol) based gradient cross-linked and reprogrammable humidity-responsive actuators

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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 2021年 349卷 130735-130735页

作者： Zheng, Yifan Huang, Hong Wang, Yan Zhu, Jing Yu, Junrong Hu, Zuming Donghua Univ Key Lab High Performance Fibers Prod State Key Lab Modificat Chem Fibers & Polymer Mat Coll Mat Sci & EngnMinist Educ Shanghai 201620 Peoples R China Jiaxing Univ Coll Biol Chem Sci & Engn Jiaxing 314001 Peoples R China

Actuators are a kind of energy-conversion devices which can perceive external stimulus and undergo reversible deformation or motion to produce a mechanical response. Developing actuators with advanced structures rather than typical bilayer configuration is essential for stable actuations, and installing reprogrammability into actuators for on-demand complex shape transformation within the same piece of material is more convenient and cost-effective for new actuation modes. However, actuators that satisfy these requirements have rarely been reported yet. Herein, a facile and low-cost design strategy for a transparent, gradient cross-linked, patternable and reprogrammable humidity-responsive actuator based on commercial available poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is presented. The actuator is fabricated by grafting PVA with 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-AN) via esterification and then blending with a UV-screening agent 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone (THBP) followed by photo-crosslinking. In such design, the abundant hydroxyl groups in grafted PVA endow the actuator with humidity-responsive ability, the THBP enables the gradient cross-linking of actuator due to the attenuated UV intensity through the film thickness, and the photo-controlled reversible cross-linking of anthracene groups allows the patterning and reprogramming of the actuator. The chemical structure, gradient morphology, and humidity-responsiveness of actuators are thoroughly investigated. The fast actuation speed and large actuation amplitude, the realization of complex shape deformation by photo-controlled programming/reprogramming, and the biomimetic applications such as the soft walking robot are also demonstrated. This study is expected to provide new opportunity for facilely developing high-performance, stable and reprogrammable actuators.

关键词： Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Actuator Humidity-responsive Gradient Structure reprogrammability

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Non-volatile reconfigurable spin logic device: parallel operations

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JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS 2021年第9期54卷

作者： Patra, Moumita Shukla, Alok Maiti, Santanu K. Indian Inst Technol Dept Phys Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra India Indian Stat Inst Phys & Appl Math Unit 203 Barrackpore Trunk Rd Kolkata 700108 India

A new proposal is given for designing a non-volatile, completely spin logic device, that can be reprogrammed for different functional classical logical operations. We use the concept of bias driven spin dependent circular current and current induced magnetic field in a quantum ring under asymmetric ring-to-electrode interface configuration to implement all the Boolean operations. We extend our idea to build two kinds of parallel computing architectures for getting parallelized operations, all at a particular time. For one case, different kinds of parallel operations are performed in a single device, whereas in the other type all the possible inputs of a logic gate are processed in parallel and all the outputs are read simultaneously. The performance and reliability are investigated in terms of power, delay and power-delay-product and finally the system temperature. We find that both the individual and simultaneous logic operations studied here are much superior compared to the operations performed in different conventional logic families like complementary metal oxide semiconductor logic, transistor-transistor logic, etc. The key advantage is that we can perform several logic operations, as many as we wish, repeating the same or different logic gates using a single setup, which indeed reduces wiring in the circuits and hence consumes much less power. Our analysis can be utilized to design optimized logic circuits an nano-scale level.

关键词： spin logic gate parallel computation memory device reprogrammability circular current

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Reprogramming Matter, Life, and Purpose

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UNCONVENTIONAL COMPUTING 2017年第3期13卷 221-233页

作者： Zenil, Hector Karolinska Inst SciLifeLab Ctr Mol Med Algorithm Dynam LabUnit Computat Med Stockholm Sweden Univ Oxford Dept Comp Sci Oxford England LABORES Algorithm Nat Grp Paris France

Reprogramming matter may sound far-fetched, but we have been doing it with increasing power and staggering efficiency for at least 60 years, and for centuries we have been paving the way toward the ultimate reprogrammed fate of the universe, the vessel of all programs. How will we be doing it in 60 years' time and how will it impact life and the purpose both of machines and of humans?

关键词： reprogrammability life purpose reprogramming matter and space-time complexity of living systems algorithmic information content in the world

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Hybrid Apps: Apps for the Internet of Things 17

Hybrid Apps: Apps for the Internet of Things

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2015 IEEE 17th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC)

作者： Yunge, Daniel Kindt, Philipp Balszun, Michael Chakraborty, Samarjit Tech Univ Munich Inst Real Time Comp Syst RCS Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479989379

Smartphones have become popular mainly because of the large variety of applications they can run. In contrast, most devices in the phone's environment - e.g., household appliances or environmental sensors - are much less flexible because their functionality is hardcoded at the design time. In order to realize the vision of the Internet of Things (IoT), where all devices communicate with each other to realize joint tasks, it is necessary that these devices are able to extend and adapt their functionalities on-the-fly based on their surrounding. To realize smart functionalities for IoT devices, we propose "hybrid Apps", the concept of Smartphone "Apps" applied to small embedded systems. In contrast with current packaged "smart home" solutions, where all appliances have to be changed to their smart counterparts at the same time, hybrid Apps permit an incremental and hence feasible deployment of the IoT vision. In this paper we discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with this approach. We argue code interpretation as a candidate reprogramming method for IoT devices and analyzed its feasibility with real-world measurements of key parameters such as computational and energy overhead. While in general, code interpretation incurs a large energy-overhead, we show that for typical IoT applications executed every few seconds, it is as low as 1%.

关键词： Code Interpreter Virtual Machines reprogrammability Wireless Sensor Networks Apps

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Hybrid Apps: Apps for the Internet of Things

Hybrid Apps: Apps for the Internet of Things

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IEEE International Symposium on Cyberspace Safety and Security

作者： Daniel Yunge Philipp Kindt Michael Balszun Samarjit Chakraborty Technische Universitat Munchen (TUM) - Institute for Real-Time Computer Systems (RCS)

ISBN: (纸本)9781479989386

关键词： Code Interpreter Virtual Machines reprogrammability Wireless Sensor Networks Apps

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