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An effective data fusion-based routing algorithm with time synchronization support for vehicular wireless sensor networks

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JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2018年第3期74卷 1267-1282页

作者： Tan, Chang Ji, Sai Gui, Ziyuan Shen, Jian Fu, De-Sheng Wang, Jin Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Jiangsu Engn Ctr Network Monitoring Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China Yangzhou Univ Sch Informat Engn Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu Peoples R China

In the field of vehicular wireless sensor networks-based structural health monitoring, the structural damage identification is achieved by two structural features, namely natural frequencies and mode shapes. The kind of data fusion-based routing algorithm in specific applications needs to meet time synchronization requirements and meet certain constraints, such as the single-hop communication between cluster head node and each node in cluster, the overlap between different clusters and so on. To meet the special constraints for data fusion-based routing algorithm in structural health monitoring, this paper proposed a new method based on an improved flooding time synchronization protocol, which is called time synchronization and enhanced greedy algorithm based on D(v) (TSDEGA) routing algorithm. The TSDEGA method can achieve the minimum connected cover by node's own degree D(v), and it can also meet the structural health monitoring routing constraints. The simulation experiments show that TSDEGA has better energy resistance and longer network lifetime, and it is superior to the traditional greedy algorithms. The proposed algorithm can effectively eliminate interference of outliers and improve the accuracy in order to meet time synchronization requirements in structural health monitoring applications.

关键词： Data fusion routing algorithm Energy efficiency Time synchronization Vehicular wireless sensor networks

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CPCA: An efficient wireless routing algorithm in WiNoC for cross path congestion awareness

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INTEGRATION-THE VLSI JOURNAL 2019年 69卷 75-84页

作者： Ouyang, Yiming Li, Zhe Li, Jianhua Sun, Chenglong Liang, Huaguo Du, Gaoming Hefei Univ Technol Sch Comp & Informat 193 Tunxi Rd Hefei 230009 Anhui Peoples R China Hefei Univ Technol Sch Elect Sci & Appl Phys 193 Tunxi Rd Hefei 230009 Anhui Peoples R China

Wireless network-on-chip (WiNoC) is a new paradigm to mitigate the long-distance transmission latency for conventional wired network-on-chip. The wireless routers in WiNoC have to handle a large number of packets which could cause data congestion, thus reducing the network performance. In this paper, we propose a novel wireless routing algorithm, called CPCA, which exploits the cross path congestion information as hints to route the packets. Under CPCA, the whole network is partitioned into sub-networks. In each subnet, the congestion information of the wireless router is propagated along the cross path. As a result, the routers in the same dimension can get the congestion degree of wireless router within the subnet. Based on the congestion information, CPCA can compute the suitable path for packets routing, which can prominently avoid the congestion aggravation in the wireless router. Experimental results show that our proposed method can effectively improve performance in terms of packets transmission latency and network throughput.

关键词： Wireless network-on-chip routing algorithm Congestion awareness Wireless router

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Multi-Objective Harris Hawks Optimization algorithm Based 2-Hop routing algorithm for CR-VANET

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IEEE ACCESS 2021年 9卷 58230-58242页

作者： Hossain, Mohammad Asif Noor, Rafidah Md Yau, Kok-Lim Alvin Azzuhri, Saaidal Razalli Z'Abar, Muhammad Reza Ahmedy, Ismail Jabbarpour, Mohammad Reza Univ Malaya Fac Comp Sci & Informat Technol Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia Univ Malaya Fac Comp Sci & Informat Technol Ctr Mobile Cloud Comp Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia Sunway Univ Sch Sci & Technol Petaling Jaya 47500 Selangor Malaysia Niroo Res Inst Dept Informat & Commun Technol Tehran *** Iran

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) emerges to ameliorate road accident, traffic congestion, and infotainment. Cognitive radio (CR) is integrated with VANET (termed as CR-VANET) to deal with the spectrum scarcity problems. For better data transmission, routing is very important in a highly dynamic CR-VANET environment. routing in CR-VANET has several challenges due to vehicles' high-speed movements and channel accessibility issues. This paper proposes a 2-Hop routing algorithm based on the Multi-Objective Harris Hawks Optimization (2HMO-HHO) algorithm that chooses the optimal forwarders between the source and destination vehicles. Selecting 2-hops instead of multiple hops or the entire route increases the selected route's stability and assures successful data transmission. The simulations performed in OMNeT++ with SUMO show that the proposed algorithm achieves promising results on throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio, packet loss rate and communication overhead.

关键词： routing Vehicular ad hoc networks Optimization routing protocols Delays Heuristic algorithms Dedicated short range communication VANET routing algorithm 2-hop routing Harris Hawks Optimization cognitive radio throughput packet delivery ratio delay packet loss rate communication overhead

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DFRDRL: a dynamic fuzzy routing algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning with guaranteed latency and bandwidth for software-defined networks

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JOURNAL OF BIG DATA 2024年第1期11卷 150页

作者： Wang, Yonghong Othman, Marini Choo, Wou Onn Liu, Ruiqing Wang, Xiaofeng Xinzhou Normal Univ Dept Comp Sci Xinzhou 034000 Shanxi Peoples R China INTI Int Univ Fac Data Sci & Informat Technol Nilai 71800 Negeri Sembilan Malaysia Xinzhou Normal Univ Dept Econ & Management Xinzhou 034000 Shanxi Peoples R China

Traditional routing algorithms have several limitations that become increasingly significant in the context of Software-Defined Networking (SDN). Firstly, these algorithms often have limited support for Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, making them less suitable for handling diverse traffic types efficiently. Moreover, current SDN controllers leverage a default shortest-path routing approach, which does not allow for more dynamic and flexible traffic management based on real-time network policies. To address these issues, this paper introduces a Dynamic Fuzzy routing algorithm based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) for SDN that provides guaranteed latency and bandwidth (DFRDRL). DFRDRL provides intelligent and efficient routing that adapts to dynamic traffic by considering path-state criteria and using DRL. Fuzzy logic mainly performs online routing between an ingress-egress pair. To adapt to dynamic traffic changes, DFRDRL can predict the traffic matrix in real time. Meanwhile, DFRDRL reduces the routing reliance on network topology by weighting the network based on critical nodes. Additionally, when the network experiences congestion based on the traffic matrix, a deferral mechanism is applied to prioritize requests with lower resource demands. This mechanism helps ensure efficient resource allocation by temporarily postponing or queuing higher-demand requests, thereby optimizing overall network performance during periods of congestion. The simulation results show that the performance of DFRDRL is better than the equivalent algorithms in terms of latency and throughput. Also, DFRDRL is about 2.5% more efficient than the best existing algorithm in terms of admission rate of routing requests.

关键词： Software-defined networking routing algorithm Dynamic routing Deep reinforcement learning

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A Load Balance routing algorithm for Medical IoT Based on Link Quality

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WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2023年第2期133卷 1265-1279页

作者： Shen, Hongming Cheng, Xingsi Xu, Boyang Shao, Wei Xu, Chen Shen, Xiaoyan Nantong Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Nantong Peoples R China Nantong Res Inst Adv Commun Technol Nantong Peoples R China Baokong Nantong IoT Technol Co Ltd Nantong Peoples R China

In order to address the pressing needs for energy efficiency, system stability, and reliable data transmission in medical Internet of Things (IoT) applications, a novel routing algorithm built upon Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) mesh network architecture is proposed. This proposed algorithm quantifies the channel quality for each communication link within the network. By doing so, it retains only the two most viable links between the source and destination nodes to guarantee stability in message transmission. Moreover, the algorithm minimizes the number of solitary nodes functioning as intermediaries. This mitigates the risk of node over-utilization, which is a common cause of rapid battery depletion, thus prolonging the overall lifespan of the network. Comparative experimental data indicate that this proposed algorithm outperforms conventional mesh networking approaches in both channel quality and energy sustainability.

关键词： Medical IoT BLE mesh network routing algorithm B-AOMDV

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A fuzzy bandwidth and delay guaranteed routing algorithm for performance enhancement of video conference over MPLS networks

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JOURNAL OF AMBIENT INTELLIGENCE AND HUMANIZED COMPUTING 2021年第6期14卷 7079-7090页

作者： Gong, Jianhu Nazari, Hamed Guangdong Peizheng Coll Sch Data & Comp Sci Guangzhou 510830 Peoples R China Urmia Univ Dept Comp Engn Orumiyeh Iran

Nowadays, video conferencing is one of the state-of-the-art and highly demanded technologies for conducting online communications. Providing real-time and rapid connection establishment is one of the chief principles of video conferences which is competently achieved by Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS). Also, the emerging concept of Next Generation Networks (NGN) has accelerated the advancement of IP-based multimedia networks including Voice over IP (VoIP), Video on Demand (VoD) and IPTVs. MPLS networks have formed the foundation of fulfilling multimedia requirements in NGN. Therefore, Label Switching Path (LSP) routing is one of the highlighted challenges of Traffic Engineering (TE) in MPLS networks. MPLS routing algorithms attempt to increase the acceptance rate of requests and consequently meet the Quality of Service (QoS) constraints satisfaction. In this paper, we propose a novel routing algorithm that applies fuzzy rules to meet the bandwidth and end-to-end delay constraints in the routing. The proposed fuzzy mechanism constitutes a predicting system based on weighted fuzzy rules that filters the requests with higher resource demands. We name the proposed method as Fuzzy Bandwidth and Delay guaranteed routing algorithm (FBDRA). Schematically, FBDRA aims to defer the requests with maximum bandwidth and minimum end-to-end delays. All simulation experiments are carried out in MATLAB R2019a on different scenarios. We have gauged several metrics such as the number of accepted requests, average path length, energy consumption, load balancing, and average end-to-end delay to evaluate our proposed algorithm performance. The simulation results evidence the superiority of FBDRA in video conference applications.

关键词： routing algorithm MPLS Video conference Fuzzy system Weighted rules

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An Efficient routing algorithm for Self-Organizing Networks in 5G-Based Intelligent Transportation Systems

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2024年第1期70卷 1757-1765页

作者： Quy, Vu Khanh Chehri, Abdellah Quy, Nguyen Minh Nguyen, Van-Hau Ban, Nguyen Tien Hung Yen Univ Technol & Educ Dept Informat Technol Hung Yen 160000 Vietnam Royal Mil Coll Canada Dept Math & Comp Sci Kingston ON K7K 7B4 Canada Posts & Telecommun Inst Technol Fac Telecommun Hanoi 100000 Vietnam

The rapid growth of the consumer Internet of Things (CIoT) has resulted in substantial enhancements in networking and data analytics. The emergence of customer-centric communication technologies like mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), also known as self-organizing networks (SONs), along with the integration of 5G Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, has paved the way for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In SONs, each vehicle serves as a network node. Hence, it is essential for these network nodes to interact, communicate, and exchange data in a flexible, efficient, and convenient manner. SONs offer revolutionary communication capabilities by enabling self-configuration, self-setting, and autonomous data transmission. However, one significant drawback of SONs is their poor network performance. In this study, we have developed an efficient routing scheme that aims to enhance the performance and reduce energy consumption of SONs for ITS in smart cities with low mobility speeds. The simulation results clearly show that the proposed algorithm performs better than conventional routing protocols in low-speed mobility scenarios. It outperforms in terms of network lifetime, packet delivery ratio, and latency.

关键词： routing routing protocols Measurement Ad hoc networks Mobile computing Internet of Things Clustering algorithms Consumer Internet of Things (CIoT) edge/fog computing routing algorithm low-speed transportation scenarios energy-saving effectiveness

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Load Balancing routing algorithm Based on Extended Link States in LEO Constellation Network

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China Communications 2022年第2期19卷 247-260页

作者： Chaoying Dong Xin Xu Aijun Liu Xiaohu Liang College of Communications Engineering Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China

As an important part of satellite communication network,LEO satellite constellation network is one of the hot research *** the nonuniform distribution of terrestrial services may cause inter-satellite link congestion,improving network load balancing performance has become one of the key issues that need to be solved for routing algorithms in LEO ***,by expanding the range of available paths and combining the congestion avoidance mechanism,a load balancing routing algorithm based on extended link states in LEO constellation network is *** results show that the algorithm achieves a balanced distribution of traffic load,reduces link congestion and packet loss rate,and improves throughput of LEO satellite network.

关键词： LEO satellite routing algorithm congestion avoidance load balancing

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Elevator-First: A Deadlock-Free Distributed routing algorithm for Vertically Partially Connected 3D-NoCs

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 2013年第3期62卷 609-615页

作者： Dubois, Florentine Sheibanyrad, Abbas Petrot, Frederic Bahmani, Maryam SLS Team TIMA Lab CNRS Grenoble INPUJF F-38031 Grenoble France

In this paper, we propose a distributed routing algorithm for vertically partially connected regular 2D topologies of different shapes and sizes (e. g., 2D mesh, torus, ring). The topologies that are the target of this algorithm are of practical interest in the 3D integration of heterogeneous dies using Through-Silicon-Vias (TSVs). Indeed, TSV-based 3D integration allows to envision the stacking of dies with different functions and technologies, using as an interconnect backbone a 3D-NoC. Intrinsically, 3D topologies have better performances, but yield and active area (and thus the cost) are function of the number of TSVs;therefore, the designs tend to use only a subset of available TSVs between two dies. The definition of blockage free and low implementation cost distributed deterministic routing on this kind of topology is thus of theoretical and practical interests. We formally prove that independently of the shape and dimensions of the planar topologies and of the number and placement of the TSVs, the proposed routing algorithm using two virtual channels in the plane is deadlock and livelock free. We also experimentally show that the performance of this algorithm is still acceptable when the number of vertical connections decreases.

关键词： 3D Integration network-on-chip (NoC) routing algorithm deadlock freedom

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Blueline: A distributed Bluetooth scatternet formation and routing algorithm

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2005年第3期21卷 479-494页

作者： Chang, RS Chou, MT Natl Dong Hwa Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Hualien 974 Taiwan

The emerging Bluetooth technology is a best-known PAN (Personal Area Networks) technology. It still has some issues left open in the current specification. Among them, the scatternet formation and routing are two major issues. In this paper, we proposed a new Bluetooth scatternet formation algorithm and its routing algorithm. Our method constructs and maintains a scatternet in a distributed way and does not need all nodes to be in the transmission range of each other. We use the PARK mode to let Bluetooth devices have more chances to link each other in order to build a better-connected scatternet. We also propose an on demand routing algorithm for the scatternet constructed. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithms are quite efficient and effective.

关键词： bluetooth routing algorithm personal area networks scatternet piconet

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