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16th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Computer and Information Science (ICIS)

作者： Wu, Ji Dong, Dezun Wang, Li NUDT Sch Comp Sci & Technol Changsha Hunan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781509055074

As the development of processors/SoCs (System-on-Chips), NoC (Network-on-Chip) consumes an increasing fraction of the modern processors/SoCs power. Thus, designing energy-efficient NoC architecture is imperative. Multi-NoC (Multiple Network-on-Chip) behaves well in power gating for reducing leakage power, which constitutes a significant fraction of NoC power. In this paper, we propose CRA, a novel Multi-NoC design with distinct routing algorithms for different subnets. Integrated with a congestion-aware power gating and packet scheduling policy, CRA is able to achieve low power without degrading performance at varying network utilization. Our experimental results show that CRA consumes an average of 15.58% less power than Catnap, the state of the art power efficient Multi-NoC design, and the EDP (energy delay product) is 8.59% lower than Catnap on average.

关键词： Network-on-Chip Power Gating routing algorithm

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Analysis of routing algorithms Generation for Irregular NoC Topologies 18

Analysis of Routing Algorithms Generation for Irregular NoC ...

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18th IEEE Latin American Test Symposium (LATS)

作者： Milfont, Ronaldo Cortez, Paule Pinheiro, Alan Ferreira, Joao Silveria, Jarbas Mota, Rafael Marcon, Cesar Univ Fed Ceara LESC DETI UFC Fortaleza Ceara Brazil Pontificial Catholic Univ Rio Grande Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781538604151

Network-on-Chip (NoC) is the most promising communication architecture for a scalable and high parallel System on -Chip (SoC). Recent manufacturing technologies are very close to physical limitations increasing the number of faults during fabrication and operation;as a result, NoCs designed to be regular often will become irregular. Thus, the analysis of irregular topologies derived from regular ones is an important task in the NoC design. This work uses a tool that evaluates restriction paths of irregular NoCs to ensure deadlock freedom and generates analytical metrics for assessing the quality of routing at design time. We used a fault model for generating NoC topologies with faulty links, which allows exploiting manufacturing processes scenarios with 65 nm and 22 nm CMOS technology, from the links delay variability and spatial correlation strength. We also used a segmentation algorithm to avoid deadlocks. The experimental results show that the percentage of faults significantly increases with the spatial correlation strength, while the average distance between topological faults decreases. Furthermore, the greater the fault percentage gets, the longer the routing average distance becomes.

关键词： Irregular NoC routing algorithm fault tolerance

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Swarm Intelligence Based Energy Saving Greedy routing algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Swarm Intelligence Based Energy Saving Greedy Routing Algori...

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International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Computing

作者： Luis Daniel Samper Escalante Escuela de Graduados e Innovacion Tecnologico de Monterrey Campus Puebla

ISBN: (纸本)9781467361569

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy consumption is crucial. routing plays a very high role for energy optimization, as taking less hop numbers usually leads to a better performance. The main goal of this paper is to provide an energy saving routing algorithm that is simple to understand and implement, and that is inspired by the work in the field of swarm intelligence. Basing on the idea that transmission consumes more energy than processing, the routing algorithm avoids this by only sending updates to neighbors when a critical event occurs (e. g. the node's energy dropping to zero), with the objective that this type of events do not impact negatively in the network. The selection of a path is based on the neighbor with fewer hops and less pheromone concentration, to avoid overusing of a route, all this being calculated by each node's own processing.

关键词： Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) routing algorithm Greedy Forwarding Swarm Intelligence

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NPLP: An Improved routing-Forwarding Strategy Utilizing Node Profile and Location Prediction for Opportunistic Networks

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INFORMATION 2019年第10期10卷 306页

作者： Chen, Bangyuan Chen, Lingna Univ South China Comp Sch Hengyang 421001 Peoples R China

Opportunistic networks are considered as the promising network structures to implement traditional and typical infrastructure-based communication by enabling smart mobile devices in the networks to contact with each other within a fixed communication area. Because of the intermittent and unstable connections between sources and destinations, message routing and forwarding in opportunistic networks have become challenging and troublesome problems recently. In this paper, to improve the data dissemination environment, we propose an improved routing-forwarding strategy utilizing node profile and location prediction for opportunistic networks, which mainly includes three continuous phases: the collecting and updating of routing state information, community detection and optimization and node location prediction. Each mobile node in the networks is able to establish a network routing matrix after the entire process of information collecting and updating. Due to the concentrated population in urban areas and relatively few people in remote areas, the distribution of location prediction roughly presents a type of symmetry in opportunistic networks. Afterwards, the community optimization and location prediction mechanisms could be regarded as an significant foundation for data dissemination in the networks. Ultimately, experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm could slightly enhance the delivery ratio and substantially degrade the network overhead and end-to-end delay as compared with the other four routing strategies.

关键词： opportunistic networks routing algorithm symmetry node profile location prediction community detection data dissemination

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A survey on ACO based multipath routing algorithms for ad hoc networks

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第4期13卷 370-385页

作者： Sharma, Ishu Ramkumar, K. R. Chitkara Inst Engn & Technol Sch Comp Sci Rajpura Punjab India

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review the existing routing algorithms for wireless ad hoc networks to evaluate the methods according to the current requirements. Wireless ad hoc network can provide communication in emergency situations. Active nodes in ad hoc network work as sender, receiver and router at the same time. Nodes are equipped with limited bandwidth and energy. Optimal routing method can help in "smart use" of available resources. Evolvement of routing method based on need is a continuous process. Numerous applications of ad hoc network motivates researcher for further development to fulfill the need of society. Design/methodology/approach - In this paper, routing algorithms for ad hoc network based on ant colony optimization, multipath routing and with multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna support have been discussed. Findings - Comparative analysis has been drawn among existing algorithms of different categories. Transmitting message packets parallel through multiple paths in the network can save overall resource usage in the network. Originality/value - The authors have discussed the future area of development for optimal routing in ad hoc networks. Considering signal noise ratio and congestion status while selecting path can provide better energy use in the network. Rather than leaving less prioritized route paths, multiple paths can be used for sending data packets parallel.

关键词： routing algorithm Swarm intelligence Multipath routing MIMO support

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A Distributed algorithm for Self-adaptive routing in LEO Satellite Network 1st

A Distributed Algorithm for Self-adaptive Routing in LEO Sat...

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1st International Conference Space Information Networks (SINC)

作者： Cheng, Hao Liu, Meilin Wei, Songjie Zhou, Bilei Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Sch Comp Sci & Engn 200 Xiaolingwei Nanjing 210094 Jiangsu Peoples R China Shanghai Acad Spaceflight Technol Shanghai Inst Satellite Engn 3666 Yuanjiang Rd Shanghai 201109 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811044038;9789811044021

LEO satellite networks, represented by the successful Iridium System, are composed of multiple satellite nodes and inter-satellite links (ISL). Numerous routing algorithms have been designed to determine satisfying routes between data flow sources and destinations, within the constraints including delay, congestion control, and throughput and load balancing. This paper proposes a distributed network-state aware self-adaptive routing algorithm based on neighbor ISL status and node workload. Every satellite node is independently responsible for forwarding datagrams in its queue, with information about network status piggy-backed in the transmitted datagrams. Such information helps understand and predict the network workload status on each direction of the outgoing links, and is used for nearly-optimal selection of datagram outbound links to achieve load balancing and multi-path routing. Experiments are conducted on ns-2 simulation platform with a designed LEO walker, to implement and evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The results show a significant improvement of more than 50% on the network workload balancing, with a few more hops in the selected multiple routing paths compared with the traditional Dijkstras shortest path algorithm.

关键词： LEO Satellite network routing algorithm Self-adaptive

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A Load Balancing algorithm for Layer 2 routing based Wi-SUN Systems 85

A Load Balancing Algorithm for Layer 2 Routing based Wi-SUN ...

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IEEE 85th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)

作者： Habara, Takuya Mizutani, Keiichi Harada, Hiroshi Kyoto Univ Grad Sch Informat Sakyo Ku Yoshida Honmachi Kyoto 6068501 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781509059324

This paper proposes a load balancing algorithm for a layer 2 routing (L2R) protocol of IEEE 802.15.4/4g/4e based wireless smart utility network (Wi-SUN) systems to achieve low-power consumption mesh networking. In the conventional link quality based routing method scheme discussed in IEEE 802.15.10 Draft 01, the fairness of cumulative number of sending packets has not effectively been achieved. Therefore, it may cause that many terminals send packets to a certain terminal. In the proposed method, the number of sendings is used to select the path of routing as well as link quality. The performance of the proposed routing method is evaluated by computer simulation. As the result, the proposed scheme can improve the maximum sending ratio that evaluates the cumulative number of sending packets by 59% with no degradation of the average sending times and end-to-end success rate (E2E-SR) compared with the conventional routing scheme that is one of the candidate schemes discussed in IEEE 802.15.10 Draft 01.

关键词： Wi-SUN IEEE 802.15.10 Mesh network routing algorithm Low-power consumption

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An agent-assisted QoS-based routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks

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JOURNAL OF NETWORK AND COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 2012年第1期35卷 29-36页

作者： Liu, Min Xu, Shijun Sun, Siyi Tongji Univ Key Lab Embedded Syst & Serv Comp Sch Elect & Informat Engn Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China Tongji Univ CIMS Res Ctr Sch Elect & Informat Engn Shanghai 201804 Peoples R China

Existing routing algorithms are not effective in supporting the dynamic characteristics of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and cannot ensure sufficient quality of service in WSN applications. This paper proposes a novel agent-assisted QoS-based routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks. In the proposed algorithm, the synthetic QoS of WSNs is chosen as the adaptive value of a Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm to improve the overall performance of network. Intelligent software agents are used to monitor changes in network topology, network communication flow, and each node's routing state. These agents can then participate in network routing and network maintenance. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can ensure better quality of service in wireless sensor networks compared with traditional algorithms. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wireless sensor network routing algorithm Synthetic QoS Agent

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Deadlock-Free Adaptive routing Based on The Repetitive Turn Model for 3D Network-on-Chip 16

Deadlock-Free Adaptive Routing Based on The Repetitive Turn ...

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16th IEEE ISPA / 17th IEEE IUCC / 8th IEEE BDCloud / 11th IEEE SocialCom / 8th IEEE SustainCom

作者： Cai, Yuan Xiang, Dong Ji, Xiang Tsinghua Univ Sch Software Beijing Natl Res Ctr Informat Sci & Technol BNRis Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728111414

In this paper, we propose a new 3D Networkon- Chip(NoC) routing algorithm for vertically connected 2D mesh topology. There are many metrics to comment an efficient routing algorithm including high performance and cost-effective. However, existing 3D routing algorithms are unable to meet all these needs. We extend the high-performance 2D repetitive turn model(RTM) to a 3D scenario by applying their rules in 2D in addition to the new rules with respect to vertical turns to this end. The routing algorithms based on the 3D repetitive turn model have repetitive prohibited turns across the horizontal row, horizontal column and vertical direction without virtual channels. The simulation results demonstrate that the new 3D repetitive turn model approach could achieve lower latency and throughput improvement as compared to previous approaches which requires no virtual channel under uniform and nonuniform traffic pattern.

关键词： Network-on-chip 3D mesh routing algorithm turn model repetitive turn model

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An Adaptive Probability Prediction routing Scheme in Urban DTNs

An Adaptive Probability Prediction Routing Scheme in Urban D...

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International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)

作者： Zhan Wen Xianghong Tang Xiaoyan Huang Tingwei Fu Jianwei Liu Wenzao Li School of Communication Engineering Chengdu University of Information Technology China Mobile Packet Core Department AT&T Inc USA School of Control Engineering Chengdu University of Information Technology China Date Center Chengdu Xingshu Reconnaissance Infrastructure Engineering Company China School of Computing Science Simon Fraser University Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781728125848

Most existing DTN routing algorithms can't show efficient network performance. Prophet is a routing protocol widely used for DTNs. The delivery predictability of active nodes will obviously reduce with the same speed as less active nodes. In this paper, we propose an Adaptive Probability Prediction routing (APPR) approach, which can dynamically adjust the aging factor based on the active degree of nodes. Leveraging the APPR approach, the delivery predictability of each node can be reduced in different speed if the node does not encounter the other node. Furthermore, when two nodes encounter, the forward decision depends on the distance between each node to the destination node, if the delivery predictabilities of encountered nodes are similar. Compared with the traditional Prophet, simulation results demonstrate the proposed APPR approach can significantly improve successful delivery ratio, reduce overhead ratio and the average latency.

关键词： Probability prediction Adaptive probability routing algorithm Delay tolerant network routing algorithms Line of nodes active nodes Ganglia Obstetric Delivery Network routing Self tuning

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