In this paper, we introduce an adaptive Ant-based mechanism integrated with an advanced traffic prediction approach for optimizing the performance of Prediction-based Decentralized routing (PDR) algorithm. The PDR alg...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467355506;9780769549538
In this paper, we introduce an adaptive Ant-based mechanism integrated with an advanced traffic prediction approach for optimizing the performance of Prediction-based Decentralized routing (PDR) algorithm. The PDR algorithm is based on the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) meta-heuristics in order to compute the routes. In this approach, an ant uses a combination of the link state information and the predicted available bandwidth instead of the ant's trip time to determine the amount of deposited pheromone. We have two contributions. The first is introducing the new enhanced Ant-based mechanism which is incorporated with a new efficient prediction approach in order to effectively outperform the previous versions of PDR and various decentralized routing algorithms. The second is presenting a comparative study between PDRv.3 and different centralized routing algorithms. We study three performance parameters: the rejection ratio of requests, the percentage of accepted BW and the effect of prediction use. In general, our new algorithm, which uses more effective predictor, reduces the rejection ratio of requests and accepts more BW when compared to the AntNet, TB, PDRv.2, CSPF and LIOA algorithms and based on generated and real traffic.
Multicast communication has been commonly used in multiprocessor systems. Current multicast routing methods such as tree-based and path-based approaches may suffer from the problem of multicast deadlocks or long routi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467344364
Multicast communication has been commonly used in multiprocessor systems. Current multicast routing methods such as tree-based and path-based approaches may suffer from the problem of multicast deadlocks or long routing delay. In this work we propose a hybrid multicast routing algorithm that combines the advantages of both path-based and tree-based methods. The proposed algorithm together with a router design that requires no additional virtual channel can achieve deadlock-free multicast routing. Very high routing efficiency is achieved by the proposed algorithm due to an adaptive routing strategy according to the traffic load. Experimental results show that the saturation point (in terms of injection ratio) of our algorithm is significantly higher than those of the state-of-the-art tree-and path-based multicast routing algorithms, while at the saturation points of these two algorithms, our algorithm has a routing latency that is 21% and 43% smaller than those of the tree-and the path-based algorithms, respectively.
In geographical routing algorithms, mobile nodes rely on geographical position to make routing judgments. Researchers frequently discuss such routing algorithms in (2 D) space. But, in reality, mobile nodes spread in ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479923052;9781479923038
In geographical routing algorithms, mobile nodes rely on geographical position to make routing judgments. Researchers frequently discuss such routing algorithms in (2 D) space. But, in reality, mobile nodes spread in (3D) space. In this paper we present two new 3D geographical-based routing algorithms Cylinder and GCylinder. In Cylinder routing, the nodes are locally projected onto the inner surface of a cylinder, face routing is executed after that. Greedy-Cylinder starts with Greedy routing algorithm until a local minimum is reached. The algorithm then switches to Cylinder routing. We evaluate our new algorithms and compare them with greedy algorithm. The simulation outcomes show the substantial enhancement in delivery rate over other classical known algorithms.
Space-based Integrated Information Network (SIIN) is a newly proposed conception in recent years which means information are processed, interlinked and transmitted in multi-spacecraft. LEO satellite network is a basic...
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The routing algorithms of LEO satellite network put focus in different respects, and there are few uniform and quantitative approaches for analyzing and evaluating the routing algorithms in this area. In order to prov...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781615679089
The routing algorithms of LEO satellite network put focus in different respects, and there are few uniform and quantitative approaches for analyzing and evaluating the routing algorithms in this area. In order to provide quantitative evaluation so as to choose an appropriate routing algorithm which can be applied in certain scenarios of satellite network, some critical characteristics of the routing algorithms are extracted based on the characteristics of LEO satellite network, and the characteristics of common used routing algorithms are analyzed by comparing results from simulation tests. This research will improve the research and application of routing algorithms of LEO satellite network.
Reliable and energy-efficient data dissemination is an important challenge particularly in multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Although clustering is considered as one of the promising techniques for energy awa...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467355018;9781467354998
Reliable and energy-efficient data dissemination is an important challenge particularly in multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Although clustering is considered as one of the promising techniques for energy aware data dissemination, majority of research in this area assume a reliable network, in which no packet is lost due to low link quality. In this paper we propose REC+, a Reliable and Energy-efficient Chain-cluster based routing protocol, which aims to achieve the maximum reliability in a multi-hop network by finding the best place for the Cluster Head (CH) and the proper shape/size of the clusters without the need of using any error controlling approaches that can be quite expensive in terms of computation and communication overhead. Most importantly, REC+ relaxes some strong assumptions that other cluster-based routing algorithms rely on, which make them inapplicable for real WSNs. To the best of our knowledge, REC+ is the first cluster based routing algorithm that considers energy efficiency, transmission reliability and intra-cluster delay all together to construct clusters and select proper CHs in WSNs. In the simulation, we show superiority of our approach over three others in terms of the product of energy consumption and delay.
Path discovery or routing algorithms are challenging when the nodes are distributed over not on just regular grid like rectangular type but on semi-regular grids. Investigations in the study of finite state automata t...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467357586;9781467357593
Path discovery or routing algorithms are challenging when the nodes are distributed over not on just regular grid like rectangular type but on semi-regular grids. Investigations in the study of finite state automata that move about in a two dimensional space are suitable to tackle this context. The model proposed by *** [1] is used here to construct new automaton which can explore the path through obstacles over the grid. This model is to be applied for routing phase for data transmission. The earlier results were shown for static obstacles distributed over integer grid and the automaton in this case was constructed to interact on the rectangular grid location endowed with four neighborhood directional states. In this paper we allow higher degree of neighborhood and mixing the types cells. It has been verified that the finite automaton with number of printing (output) symbols determined by the maximum out degree of a cell in the underlying semi-regular grid can find the target.
In this paper, we propose a congestion-aware energy-saving routing protocol (CER) network. Specifically, a source node degree get obstruction of the surplus energy and neighbor node determine destination for packet. W...
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The last years have been characterized by an increasing interest in the grid and cloud computing that allow the implementation of high performance computing structures in a distributed way by exploiting multiple proce...
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The last years have been characterized by an increasing interest in the grid and cloud computing that allow the implementation of high performance computing structures in a distributed way by exploiting multiple processing resources. The presence of mobile terminals has extended the paradigm to the so called pervasive grid networks, where multiple heterogeneous devices are interconnected to form a distributed computing resource. In such a scenario, there is the need of efficient techniques for providing reliable wireless connections among network nodes. This paper deals with the proposal of a suitable resource management scheme relying on a routing algorithm able to perform jointly the resource discovery and task scheduling for implementing an efficient pervasive grid infrastructure in a wireless ad hoc scenario. The proposed solutions have been considered within two different parallelization processing schemes, and their effectiveness has been verified by resorting to computer simulations. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ZigBee technology is a wireless sensor network technology in the Internet of things;it has the characteristic of low-cost, low data rate and low power consumption. routing protocol is the core technology of the ZigBee...
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