Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is one of the most important technologies in this century. As sensor nodes have limited energy resources, designing energy-efficient routing algorithms for WSNs has become the research ...
详细信息
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is one of the most important technologies in this century. As sensor nodes have limited energy resources, designing energy-efficient routing algorithms for WSNs has become the research focus. And because WSNs routing for maximizing the network lifetime is a NP-hard problem, many researchers try to optimize it with meta-heuristics. However, due to the uncertain variable number and strong constraints of WSNs routing problem, most meta-heuristics are inappropriate in designing routing algorithms for WSNs. This paper proposes an Improved Harmony Search Based Energy Efficient routing Algorithm (IHSBEER) for WSNs, which is based on harmony search (HS) algorithm (a meta-heuristic). To address the WSNs routing problem with HS algorithm, several key improvements have been put forward: First of all, the encoding of harmony memory has been improved based on the characteristics of routing in WSNs. Secondly, the improvisation of a new harmony has also been improved. We have introduced dynamic adaptation for the parameter HMCR to avoid the prematurity in early generations and strengthen its local search ability in late generations. Meanwhile, the adjustment process of HS algorithm has been discarded to make the proposed routing algorithm containing less parameters. Thirdly, an effective local search strategy is proposed to enhance the local search ability, so as to improve the convergence speed and the accuracy of routing algorithm. In addition, an objective function model that considers both the energy consumption and the length of path is developed. The detailed descriptions and performance test results of the proposed approach are included. The experimental results clearly show the advantages of the proposed routing algorithm for WSNs. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
In order to reduce the energy consumption and enhance the robustness of wireless sensor network (WSN), this paper proposes a hierarchical clustering routing algorithm based on fuzzy mathematics (HCRAFM). To make a com...
详细信息
In order to reduce the energy consumption and enhance the robustness of wireless sensor network (WSN), this paper proposes a hierarchical clustering routing algorithm based on fuzzy mathematics (HCRAFM). To make a comprehensive analysis of WSN, it is also necessary to detect the robustness of the network. Facing the multiple random variables, the traditional robustness detection models assume that all nodes have the same weight, making it impossible to quantify the analysis indices or obtain accurate results. Thus, the fuzzy mathematics theory was introduced to the WSN robustness detection, forming a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The simulation results show that the HCRAFM strikes a load balance between WSN nodes, extends the life cycle of each node, and prolongs the service life of the network. In addition, the proposed algorithm is proved to have sound robustness and strong applicability.
A new routing algorithm for mobile ad hoc networks is proposed in this paper: an Enhanced Hybrid Social Based routing (HSBR) algorithm for MANET-DTN as optimal solution for well-connected multihop mobile networks (MAN...
详细信息
A new routing algorithm for mobile ad hoc networks is proposed in this paper: an Enhanced Hybrid Social Based routing (HSBR) algorithm for MANET-DTN as optimal solution for well-connected multihop mobile networks (MANET) and/or worse connected MANET with small density of the nodes and/or due to mobility fragmented MANET into two or more subnetworks or islands. This proposed HSBR algorithm is fully decentralized combining main features of both Dynamic Source routing (DSR) and Social Based Opportunistic routing (SBOR) algorithms. The proposed scheme is simulated and evaluated by replaying real life traces which exhibit this highly dynamic topology. Evaluation of new proposed HSBR algorithm was made by comparison with DSR and SBOR. All methods were simulated with different levels of velocity. The results show that HSBR has the highest success of packet delivery, but with higher delay in comparison with DSR, and much lower in comparison with SBOR. Simulation results indicate that HSBR approach can be applicable in networks, where MANET or DTN solutions are separately useless or ineffective. This method provides delivery of the message in every possible situation in areas without infrastructure and can be used as backup method for disaster situation when infrastructure is destroyed.
Reducing the energy consumption of network nodes is one of the most important problems for routing in wireless sensor networks because of the battery limitation in each sensor. This paper presents a new ant colony opt...
详细信息
Reducing the energy consumption of network nodes is one of the most important problems for routing in wireless sensor networks because of the battery limitation in each sensor. This paper presents a new ant colony optimization based routing algorithm that uses special parameters in its competency function for reducing energy consumption of network nodes. In this new proposed algorithm called life time aware routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks (LTAWSN), a new pheromone update operator was designed to integrate energy consumption and hops into routing choice. Finally, with the results of the multiple simulations we were able to show that LTAWSN, in comparison with the previous ant colony based routing algorithm, energy aware ant colony routing algorithms for the routing of wireless sensor networks, ant colony optimization-based location-aware routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks and traditional ant colony algorithm, increase the efficiency of the system, obtains more balanced transmission among the nodes and reduce the energy consumption of the routing and extends the network lifetime.
Star graphs possess many desirable properties such as scalable node degrees and diameters, which are essential to facilitate reduced routing table sizes and low maximum path length for routing in large P2P networks. I...
详细信息
Star graphs possess many desirable properties such as scalable node degrees and diameters, which are essential to facilitate reduced routing table sizes and low maximum path length for routing in large P2P networks. In addition, because a large number of disjoint paths are available and each data/replica in an n-star can be placed in an (n - 1)-star, load balancing and alleviation of network bottlenecks can be implemented in star P2P overlay networks. Therefore, star networks have been proposed as viable alternatives to existing overlay topologies for large P2P networks. In this paper, we propose an optimal stabilizing and inherently stabilizing algorithm for routing messages over all disjoint paths between two peers in a star P2P overlay network. The algorithm is optimal in terms of its time complexity in rounds and the length of the longest path traversed by the messages, and fault tolerant due to being stabilizing and inherently stabilizing, allowing the system to withstand transient faults. The algorithm can be used to increase network reliability and survivability in P2P networks. In addition, the usage of all disjoint paths to route messages between two peers leads to increased network bandwidth while distributing the communication overhead across the network and eliminating network bottlenecks in P2P networks. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of process variation (PV) on delay is a major reason to deteriorate the performance in advanced technologies. The performance of different routing algorithms is determined with/without PV for various traffi...
详细信息
The effect of process variation (PV) on delay is a major reason to deteriorate the performance in advanced technologies. The performance of different routing algorithms is determined with/without PV for various traffic patterns. The saturation throughput and average message delay are used as performance metrics to evaluate the throughput. PV decreases the saturation throughput and increases the average message delay. PV increases the average message delay by up to 90% and decreases the saturation throughput by up to 29% compared with nominal characteristics of different routing algorithms. Adaptive routing algorithm should be manipulated with the PV. A novel PV delay and congestion aware routing (PDCR) algorithm is proposed for asynchronous network-on-chip design. PDCR is adaptive, low cost, and scalable. The novel routing algorithm outperforms different adaptive routing algorithms in the average delay and saturation throughput for various traffic patterns. PDCR can achieve up to 12%-32% average message delay lower than that of other routing algorithms. Moreover, the proposed scheme yields improvements in saturation throughput by up to 11%-82% compared with other adaptive routing algorithms.
Greedy routing algorithms based on virtual coordinates have attracted considerable interest in recent years. Those based on coordinates taken from the hyperbolic plane have interesting theoretical scalability properti...
详细信息
Greedy routing algorithms based on virtual coordinates have attracted considerable interest in recent years. Those based on coordinates taken from the hyperbolic plane have interesting theoretical scalability properties. However, their scalability and reliability are yet to be ensured when applied to large-scale dynamic networks. In this paper, we propose a scalable and reliable solution for creating and managing dynamic overlay networks where nodes have hyperbolic coordinates. In this context, our solution provides a greedy routing algorithm based on the hyperbolic distance. To cope with network dynamics, we have defined two methods for avoiding temporary local minima and one method for maintaining the greedy embedding over time. Through analysis, we evaluate the complexity costs of our solution. Through simulations, we assess the scalability of our solution on static networks and its reliability on dynamic networks. Results show that using our solution based on hyperbolic geometry provides scalability and reliability to both addressing and routing tasks in dynamic overlay networks. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
To solve the overlap problem in node selection process in order to fill the existing routing algorithms deficiencies, This paper designs a traditional Gossiping routing algorithm based on SPSO. At the
ISBN:
(纸本)9781467389808
To solve the overlap problem in node selection process in order to fill the existing routing algorithms deficiencies, This paper designs a traditional Gossiping routing algorithm based on SPSO. At the
The feasibility of software-defined optical networking (SDON) for a practical application critically depends on scalability of centralized control performance. The paper, highly scalable routing and wavelength assignm...
详细信息
The feasibility of software-defined optical networking (SDON) for a practical application critically depends on scalability of centralized control performance. The paper, highly scalable routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithms are investigated on an OpenFlow-based SDON testbed for proof-of-concept demonstration. Efficient RWA algorithms are proposed to achieve high performance in achieving network capacity with reduced computation cost, which is a significant attribute in a scalable centralized-control SDON. The proposed heuristic RWA algorithms differ in the orders of request processes and in the procedures of routing table updates. Combined in a shortest-path-based routing algorithm, a hottest-request-first processing policy that considers demand intensity and end-to-end distance information offers both the highest throughput of networks and acceptable computation scalability. We further investigate trade-off relationship between network throughput and computation complexity in routing table update procedure by a simulation study. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
As the cities around the world become larger, quality of life of the citizens is more and more threatened due to the traffic congestion, energy consumption, noise disturbance and carbon emissions because of of increas...
详细信息
暂无评论